Araştırma Makalesi

Political Marketing Strategies of the Opposition in Türkiye (2013–2019): A Mixed-Methods Analysis Through Critical Threshold Cases

Cilt: 10 Sayı: 3 27 Eylül 2026
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Political Marketing Strategies of the Opposition in Türkiye (2013–2019): A Mixed-Methods Analysis Through Critical Threshold Cases

Öz

This study aims to comparatively examine the political marketing strategies of the main opposition in Türkiye in the period of 2013-2019 through seven critical political threshold cases (2013 Gezi Park protests, 2014 Presidential election, June-November 2015 general elections, post-coup attempt period of 2016, 2017 constitutional referendum, 2018 Presidential and parliamentary elections, 2019 Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality mayoral election rerun). The main research question is how a pattern emerges between the opposition's political marketing preferences and electoral performance indicators at critical thresholds. The study is based on a mixed-methods data triangulation approach that combines directed content analysis, comparative case analysis, and descriptive election statistics within a qualitative, multi-case study design. The theoretical framework is established through Lees-Marshment's party-orientation typology, Smith and French's political brand approach, Coombs' Situational Crisis Communication Theory (SCCT), and Capoccia and Kelemen's critical juncture conceptualization. The final results of the Supreme Election Board, institutional decision texts, campaign documents, and Google Trends data were evaluated across six predefined analytical dimensions. The findings show that in the 2019 Istanbul rerun election, all six dimensions simultaneously achieved high values and translated into electoral performance; in contrast, in the 2014 and 2018 cases, isolated dimension success did not alone translate into structural electoral results. The study provides case-based empirical support, with limited causal claims, for the idea that candidate brand alignment and crisis communication consistency function as two complementary central political marketing capacities in crisis-intensive political conjunctures.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Etik Beyan

This study does not require individual-level ethics committee approval as it was conducted solely using publicly available primary documents and aggregated election data (Supreme Election Board documents, institutional decision texts, party documents, and Google Trends data). No data was collected from individual participants, and no surveys or interviews were conducted. All assessments were kept within political marketing terminology, avoiding legal terminology. Furthermore, during the preparation of this article, the author utilized AI-assisted tools (Claude - Anthropic and ChatGPT - OpenAI) for literature review, linguistic formatting, systematization of the conceptual framework, organization of data tables, and reporting of descriptive findings. The author bears full scientific responsibility for the research problem, selection of the theoretical framework, identification of data sources, analysis design, interpretation of findings, literature comparisons, drawing conclusions, and the final scientific responsibility of the text. AI outputs were carefully reviewed, verified, edited, or rejected by the author when necessary. All data used in this study were obtained from publicly available primary sources (Supreme Election Board documents, institutional decision texts, party documents, and Google Trends data) and were not generated by artificial intelligence. The author is responsible for the originality, accuracy, and scientific integrity of the article.

Kaynakça

  1. Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi. (2018). 24 Haziran 2018 Cumhurbaşkanlığı seçimleri ve genel seçimler seçim beyannamesi. https://www.akparti.org.tr/media/271931/secim-beyannamesi-2018.pdf
  2. Avraham, E. (2015). Destination image repair during crisis: Attracting tourism during the Arab Spring uprisings. Tourism Management, 47, 224–232. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2014.10.003
  3. Bennett, A., & Checkel, J. T. (Eds.). (2015). Process tracing: From metaphor to analytic tool. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139858472
  4. Bunce, V. J., & Wolchik, S. L. (2011). Defeating authoritarian leaders in postcommunist countries. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511977404
  5. Capoccia, G., & Kelemen, R. D. (2007). The study of critical junctures: Theory, narrative, and counterfactuals in historical institutionalism. World Politics, 59(3), 341–369. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0043887100020852
  6. Çarkoğlu, A., & Yıldırım, K. (2015). Election storm in Turkey: What do the results of June and November 2015 elections tell us? Insight Turkey, 17(4), 57–79. https://www.insightturkey.com/articles/election-storm-in-turkey-what-do-the-results-of-june-and-november-2015-elections-tell-us
  7. Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  8. Coombs, W. T. (2007). Protecting organization reputations during a crisis: The development and application of situational crisis communication theory. Corporate Reputation Review, 10(3), 163–176. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.crr.1550049

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Siyaset Bilimi Metodolojisi, Türk Siyasal Hayatı

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

27 Eylül 2026

Gönderilme Tarihi

30 Mayıs 2026

Kabul Tarihi

24 Eylül 2026

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2026 Cilt: 10 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA
Saygın, E. (2026). Political Marketing Strategies of the Opposition in Türkiye (2013–2019): A Mixed-Methods Analysis Through Critical Threshold Cases. Politik Ekonomik Kuram, 10(3), 1393-1417. https://doi.org/10.30586/pek.1960300
AMA
1.Saygın E. Political Marketing Strategies of the Opposition in Türkiye (2013–2019): A Mixed-Methods Analysis Through Critical Threshold Cases. PEK. 2026;10(3):1393-1417. doi:10.30586/pek.1960300
Chicago
Saygın, Esat. 2026. “Political Marketing Strategies of the Opposition in Türkiye (2013–2019): A Mixed-Methods Analysis Through Critical Threshold Cases”. Politik Ekonomik Kuram 10 (3): 1393-1417. https://doi.org/10.30586/pek.1960300.
EndNote
Saygın E (01 Eylül 2026) Political Marketing Strategies of the Opposition in Türkiye (2013–2019): A Mixed-Methods Analysis Through Critical Threshold Cases. Politik Ekonomik Kuram 10 3 1393–1417.
IEEE
[1]E. Saygın, “Political Marketing Strategies of the Opposition in Türkiye (2013–2019): A Mixed-Methods Analysis Through Critical Threshold Cases”, PEK, c. 10, sy 3, ss. 1393–1417, Eyl. 2026, doi: 10.30586/pek.1960300.
ISNAD
Saygın, Esat. “Political Marketing Strategies of the Opposition in Türkiye (2013–2019): A Mixed-Methods Analysis Through Critical Threshold Cases”. Politik Ekonomik Kuram 10/3 (01 Eylül 2026): 1393-1417. https://doi.org/10.30586/pek.1960300.
JAMA
1.Saygın E. Political Marketing Strategies of the Opposition in Türkiye (2013–2019): A Mixed-Methods Analysis Through Critical Threshold Cases. PEK. 2026;10:1393–1417.
MLA
Saygın, Esat. “Political Marketing Strategies of the Opposition in Türkiye (2013–2019): A Mixed-Methods Analysis Through Critical Threshold Cases”. Politik Ekonomik Kuram, c. 10, sy 3, Eylül 2026, ss. 1393-17, doi:10.30586/pek.1960300.
Vancouver
1.Esat Saygın. Political Marketing Strategies of the Opposition in Türkiye (2013–2019): A Mixed-Methods Analysis Through Critical Threshold Cases. PEK. 01 Eylül 2026;10(3):1393-417. doi:10.30586/pek.1960300

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