Bölünme Sonrası Sudan Milliyetçilikleri: Kuzeyli ve Güneyli Olmanın Anlamını Yeniden Düşünmek

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 3, 834 - 847, 29.09.2024

Sertan Akbaba

https://doi.org/10.30586/pek.1511624

Öz

Varlığından bu yana sorunlu bir coğrafya olan Sudan hâlâ birtakım çatışmalar ve sorunlar ile karşı karşıyadır. Çatışmanın temelinde çözülememiş olan kimlik ve kimlik siyaseti sorunu yatmaktadır. Milliyetçiliğin pek çok yüzü olduğundan Sudan, her biri farklı çıkar ve beklentilerle motive edilen kimliklerin ve milliyetçiliklerin laboratuvarı olmaya devam etmektedir. Bu çalışma, bölünme sonrası dönemde Sudan'daki milliyetçiliklerin yapısını anlamayı amaçlamaktadır. Zira kültürel öğeleri yok sayan ve sadece bir takım siyasi endişe ve çıkarlar etrafında inşa edildiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Coğrafyanın hem Araplara hem de Afrikalılara ev sahipliği yapması, ki bu durum bölünmenin esas nedenini oluşturmaktadır, kendi farklı kültürel benliklerini ortaya koyma mücadelelerini devam ettirmektedir. Yıllardır hem Güneyliler hem de Kuzeyliler için kendilerine dayatılanları ortadan kaldırma mücadeleleri neticesinde Kuzey Sudan ve Güney Sudan olarak ortaya çıkan iki ulus-devlet anlayışı beraberinde milliyetçiliğin içeriğini de yeniden okumayı kaçınılmaz kılmaktadır. Çalışma, uluslaşma çabalarının sonuç vermediği ve ulus olmak bir yana her iki Sudan’da görülen durumun, devlet olmanın gerekliliklerini bile yerine getirmekte zorlandıklarını ortaya koymaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

etnik çatışma, kimlik, milliyetçilik, iç savaş

Post-Partition and Sudanese Nationalisms: Rethinking What It Means to be a Northerner and a Southerner

Öz

Sudan, a troubled geography from its very existence, continues to confront numerous conflicts. At the core of these conflicts lies the unresolved issue of identity and identity politics. As nationalism takes many forms, Sudan remains a laboratory for divergent identities and nationalisms, each motivated by different concerns and expectations. This study aims to understand the fabric of nationalisms in Sudan in the post-partition era. Since it lacks the cultural domain and rises on the basis of political concerns and interests. The region, home to both Arabs and Africans—the main reason for partition in the first place—was partitioned to reveal their distinct cultural identities. For both Southerners and Northerners, the struggle to remove what has been imposed on them for years has given birth to North Sudan and South Sudan. However, both regions have once again experienced outside interventions, further complicating the national identity crisis. The study finds the efforts of nationalization void, since both of the Sudans are deprived of even fulfilling the requirements of being a state, let alone being a nation.

Anahtar Kelimeler

ethnic conflict, identity, nationalism, civil war

Kaynakça

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