Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster
Yıl 2021, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 4, 67 - 77, 31.10.2021

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Ainsworth, M. D. S. (1969). Object relations, dependency and attachment: A theoretical review of the ınfant-mother relationship. Child Development, 40(4), 969-1025.
  • Ainsworth, M. D. S. (1989). Attachments beyond İnfancy. American Psychologist, 44(4), 709-716. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.44.4.709 .
  • Ainsworth, M. D. S., Blehar, M. C., Waters, E., & Wall, S. (1978). Patterns of attachment: A psychological study of the strange situation. Psychology: New York.
  • Barnett, D., & Vondra, J. I. (1999). Atypical patterns of early attachment: Theory, research, and current directions. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 64 (3),1-24.
  • Bartholomew, K., & Horowitz, L. M. (1991). Attachment styles among young adults: A test of a four-category model. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 61(2), 226-241. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.61.2.226
  • Bowlby, J. (1973). Separation Anxiety and Anger, Attachmentand Loss. The Tavistock Institute of Human Relations, Volume II, United States of America.
  • Bowlby, J. (1982). Attachment and loss: Sadness and depression. Marriage and Family, 44(1), 248-250. https://doi.org/10.2307/351282.
  • Bowlby, J. (1988). A secure base:parent-child attachment and healthy human development (118-125), Perseus Books Group.
  • Bowlby, J. (1980). Attachment and loss, loss sadness and depression (Volume III). Perseus Books Group.
  • Bowlby, J. (1969). Attachment and loss, (Volume I). Basic Books, New York.
  • Bretherton, I. (2003). Mary Ainsworth: Insightful observer and courageous theoretician. G. A. Kimble and M. Wertheimer (Ed.), Portraits of Pioneers in Psychology 5, (1-10), Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
  • Bretherton, I. & Munholland, K.A. (1999). Internal working models in attachment relationships. J. Cassidy, and P. R. Shaver (Ed.), Handbook of attachment, second edition: Theory, research, and clinical applications (pp. 102-122). New York: Guilford.
  • Cassidy, J. (1988). Child-mother attachment and the self in six-year-olds. Child Development, 59(1), 121–134. https://doi.org/10.2307/1130394. Cassidy, J., Kirsh, S. J., Scolton, K. L., & Parke, R. D. (1996). Attachment and representations of peer relationships. Developmental Psychology, 32(5), 892–904. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.32.5.892.
  • Chow, K., & Healey, M. (2008). Place attachment and place identity: First-year undergraduates making the transition from home to university. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 28(4), 362-372. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2008.02.011.
  • Clark, S. T. (1996). Working models of attachment: ımplications for explanation, emotion, and behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 71(4), 810-832.
  • Cooper, M. L., Shaver, P. R., & Collins, N. L. (1998). Attachment styles, emotion regulation, and adjustment in adolescence. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74(5), 1380-1397. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.74.5.1380.
  • Dan, O., Bar Ilan, O., & Kurman, J. (2014). Attachment, self-esteem and test anxiety in adolescence and early adulthood. Educational Psychology, 34(6), 659–673. https://doi.org/10.1080/01443410.2013.814191.
  • Ekiz, D. (2007). Investigation of pre-service teachers' views on educational philosophy movements in terms of different programs. Journal of Ondokuz Mayıs University Faculty of Education, 24, 1-12.
  • Evirgen, G. N., & Gözün-Kahraman, Ö. (2018). Investigation of the relationship between attachment and self-perception in preschool children. Hitit University Journal of Social Sciences Institute, 11(3), 2446-2454. doi: 10.17218/hititsosbil.417456.
  • Fraley, R. C. (2002). A attachment stability from ınfancy to adulthood: Meta-analysis and dynamic modeling of developmental mechanisms. Personality and Social Psychology Review. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327957PSPR0602_03.
  • Granot, D. & Mayseles, O. (2001). Attachment security and adjustment to school in middle childhood. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 25, 530-541. Doi: 10.1080/01650250042000366.
  • Hazan, C. & Shaver, P. R. (1994). Attachment as an organizational framework forresearch on close relationships. Psychological Inquiry, 5 (1), 1-22.
  • Kerns, K.A. & Brumariu, L.E. (2014). Is ınsecure parent–child attachment a risk factor for the development of anxiety in childhood or adolescence? Chıld Development Perspectıves, 8, 12-17. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdep.12054.
  • Kochanska, G. & Kim, S. (2013). Early attachment organization with both parents and future behavior problems: From ınfancy to middle childhood. Child Development, 84(1), 283–296. 10.1111/j.1467-8624.2012.01852.x.
  • Lee, L. S. (2008). Peer reciprocity, acceptence and friendship quality in chidren withautism in general educationalsettings [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. California University, Los Angeles.
  • Lewis, M. (1990). Handbook of developmental psychopathology, (120-125, s.). Plenum Press.
  • Lewis‐Morrarty, E., Degnan, K. A., Chronis‐Tuscano, A., Pine, D. S., Henderson, H. E., & Fox, N. A. (2015). Infant attachment security and early childhood behavioral ınhibition ınteract to predict adolescent social anxiety symptoms. Child Development, 86(2), 598-613.
  • Main, M. & Solomon, J. (1986). Discovery of an insecure-disorganized/disoriented attachment pattern. In T. B. Brazelton & M. W. Yogman (Eds.), Affective development in infancy (p. 95–124). Ablex Publishing.
  • Main, M. & Soloman, J. (1990). Procedures for identifying infants as disorganized/ disoriented during the Ainsworth Strange Situation. In M.T. Greenberg, D. Cicchetti, & E.M. Cummings (Eds.), Attachment in the preschool years (pp. 121-160). University of Chicago.
  • Thompson, M., O'Neill Grace, C., & Cohen, L. C. (2002). Best friends, worst enemies: Understanding the social lives of children. Ballantine Books.
  • Mikulincer, M., Shaver, P. R., & Pereg, D. (2003). Attachment theory and affect regulation: The dynamics, development, and cognitive consequences of attachment-related strategies. Motivation and Emotion, 27(2), 77–102. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1024515519160.
  • Mikulincer, M., Shaver, P. R., & Solomon, Z. (2015). An attachment perspective on traumatic and posttraumatic reactions. In M. P. Safir, H. S. Wallach, & A. S. Rizzo (Eds.), Future directions in post-traumatic stress disorder: Prevention, diagnosis, and treatment (p. 79–96). Springer Science & Business Media. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-7522-5_4.
  • Moss, E., Cyr, C., Bureau, J.-F., Tarabulsy, G. M. & Dubois-Comtois, K. (2005). Stability of attachment during the preschool period. Developmental Psychology, 41(5), 773-783. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.41.5.773.
  • Moss, E., St-Laurent, D., Dubois-Comtois, K. & Cry, C. (2005). Quality of attachment at school age: Relationship between child attachment behavior, psychological functioning and school performance. T. Greenberg, D. Cicchetti ve E.M. Cummings, (Ed.), In Attachment in the preschool years (189-211). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  • Nathanael, J. O., & Mark E. C. (2018). The role of avoidant attachment on college persistence and completion among youth in foster care. Children and Youth Services Review, 90, 106-117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2018.05.014.
  • Okpych, N.J. & M. E. (2018). Courtney barriers to degree completion for college students with foster care histories: results from a 10-year longitudinal study. Journal of College Student Retention: Research, Theory & Practice, 0(0) 1–2. https://doi.org/10.1177/1521025118791776.
  • Öztürk, N. (2017). Investigation of the relationship between the family climate perceived by university students and the way they attach to their parents and their self-confidence levels. The Journal of International Lingual Social and Educational Sciences, 3, 1.
  • Paktuna Keskin, S. (2014). Mother and child working in the mother business (11th Edt). İstanbul: Boyut Publishing.
  • Pearson,B.Z., Philip, A.,Cowan, P. A. & Cowan, P. C. (1993). Adult attachment and adult child-order parent relationships. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 4, 606-613.
  • Rholes, W.S., Simpson J. A., & Friedman, M. (2006). Avoidant attachment and the experience of parenting. Pers Soc Psychol Bull., 32(3), 275-85. doi: 10.1177/0146167205280910.
  • Seven, S. & İlhan-Ildız, G. (2020). Evaluation of the attachment status of 6-year-old children in Turkey sample studies of the incomplete doll family stories scale. Ulakbilge, 50, 806-817.
  • Seven, S. & Ogelman, H. G. (2012). Attachment stability in children aged 6 to 9 years in extended and nuclear families. Early Education ve Development, 23(5), 766–780. https://doi.org/10.1080/10409289.2011.607362.
  • Seven, S. (2006), Examination of the relationship between the social skill levels of 6-year-old children and their attachment status [PhD Thesis]. Gazi University, Ankara.
  • Seven, S. (2010). Attachment and social behaviors in the period of transition from preschool to first grade. Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal, 38(3), 347–356. https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2010.38.3.347.
  • Shamir-Essakow, G., Ungerer, J.A., & Rapee, R.M. (2005). Attachment, behavioral ınhibition, and anxiety in preschool children, Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 33(2), 131-143.
  • Shaver, P. & Brennan, K.A. (1992). Attachment styles and the “big five” personality traits: their connections with each other and with romantic relationship outcomes. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 18 (5), 536-545.
  • Shaver, P. R. & Mikulincer, M. (2002). Dialogue on adultattachment: Diversityand ıntegration. Attachmentand Human Development, 4, 133-161.
  • Simpson, J. A. & Rholes, W. S. E. (1998). Attachment theory and close relationships. Guilford Press.
  • Simpson, J. A. (1990). Influence of attachment styles on romantic relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 59(5), 971–980. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.59.5.971.
  • Stevens, F. (2014). Affect regulation styles in avoidant and anxious attachment. Individual Differences Research, 12(3), 123-130.
  • Sümer, N. (2006). Categorical and dimensional comparison of the adult attachment measures. Turkish Journal of Psychology, 21, 1-22.
  • Uluç, S. & Öktem, F. (2009). Evaluation of safe place scenarios in preschool children. Turkish Journal of Psychology, 24(63), 69-83.
  • Vitasari, P., Wahab, M.N.A., Othman, A., Herawan, T. & Sinnadurai, S.K. (2010). The relationship between study anxiety and academic performance among engineering students. Procedia Social and Behavioural Sciences, 8, 490-497.
  • Waters E, Hamilton C.E., Weinfield NS. The stability of attachment security from infancy to adolescence and early adulthood: general introduction. Child Development, 71(3), 678-683. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8624.00175
  • Waters, E., Merrick, S., Treboux, D., Crowell, J. & Albersheim, L., (2000). Attachment security in ınfancy and early adulthood: A twenty-year longitudinal study. Child Development, 71(3), 684-689.
  • Wiltz, J. M. A. (2005). İdentifying factors associated with friendship in individuals with mental retardation [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. Ohio StateUniversity, Ohio.
  • Yalom, I.D. (2014), Treating preschool children (Ş. Ç. Yeşilmen, translator), Istanbul: Prestij Publications.
  • Yıldırım, A., Şimşek, H. (2000). Qualitative research in social sciences. Seçkin.
  • Yin, R. K. (2003). Case study research, design and methods (3rd ed. Vol. 5). SAGE Publications.

What Happened to Children with Avoidant Attachment? A Study of Social Relations-Based Behaviours of Avoidant Children from the Age of 6 to 19

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 4, 67 - 77, 31.10.2021

Öz

The purpose of this study is to assess the social relationship-based behaviors of 19-year-old children who are in the early stages of adulthood and had an avoidant attachment style at age 6. Based on criterion sampling, a purposive sampling method used in qualitative research, the study group of this research was selected from children whose attachment security had been previously identified. The study was conducted with 5 girls and 5 boys with avoidant attachment styles selected from the 26 available children who participated in the 2006 study that identified the attachment patterns of 110 children. The data collection instruments of the study are the IDFSS attachment scale used in 2006 and a semi-structured interview form and a student data form used in 2019. The study concludes that children who exhibited avoidant attachment at age 6 maintained their attachment patterns. They were found to fail in perceiving academic achievement, coping with emotional problems, relationships with parents and others, and trust in others.

Kaynakça

  • Ainsworth, M. D. S. (1969). Object relations, dependency and attachment: A theoretical review of the ınfant-mother relationship. Child Development, 40(4), 969-1025.
  • Ainsworth, M. D. S. (1989). Attachments beyond İnfancy. American Psychologist, 44(4), 709-716. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.44.4.709 .
  • Ainsworth, M. D. S., Blehar, M. C., Waters, E., & Wall, S. (1978). Patterns of attachment: A psychological study of the strange situation. Psychology: New York.
  • Barnett, D., & Vondra, J. I. (1999). Atypical patterns of early attachment: Theory, research, and current directions. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 64 (3),1-24.
  • Bartholomew, K., & Horowitz, L. M. (1991). Attachment styles among young adults: A test of a four-category model. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 61(2), 226-241. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.61.2.226
  • Bowlby, J. (1973). Separation Anxiety and Anger, Attachmentand Loss. The Tavistock Institute of Human Relations, Volume II, United States of America.
  • Bowlby, J. (1982). Attachment and loss: Sadness and depression. Marriage and Family, 44(1), 248-250. https://doi.org/10.2307/351282.
  • Bowlby, J. (1988). A secure base:parent-child attachment and healthy human development (118-125), Perseus Books Group.
  • Bowlby, J. (1980). Attachment and loss, loss sadness and depression (Volume III). Perseus Books Group.
  • Bowlby, J. (1969). Attachment and loss, (Volume I). Basic Books, New York.
  • Bretherton, I. (2003). Mary Ainsworth: Insightful observer and courageous theoretician. G. A. Kimble and M. Wertheimer (Ed.), Portraits of Pioneers in Psychology 5, (1-10), Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
  • Bretherton, I. & Munholland, K.A. (1999). Internal working models in attachment relationships. J. Cassidy, and P. R. Shaver (Ed.), Handbook of attachment, second edition: Theory, research, and clinical applications (pp. 102-122). New York: Guilford.
  • Cassidy, J. (1988). Child-mother attachment and the self in six-year-olds. Child Development, 59(1), 121–134. https://doi.org/10.2307/1130394. Cassidy, J., Kirsh, S. J., Scolton, K. L., & Parke, R. D. (1996). Attachment and representations of peer relationships. Developmental Psychology, 32(5), 892–904. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.32.5.892.
  • Chow, K., & Healey, M. (2008). Place attachment and place identity: First-year undergraduates making the transition from home to university. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 28(4), 362-372. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2008.02.011.
  • Clark, S. T. (1996). Working models of attachment: ımplications for explanation, emotion, and behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 71(4), 810-832.
  • Cooper, M. L., Shaver, P. R., & Collins, N. L. (1998). Attachment styles, emotion regulation, and adjustment in adolescence. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74(5), 1380-1397. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.74.5.1380.
  • Dan, O., Bar Ilan, O., & Kurman, J. (2014). Attachment, self-esteem and test anxiety in adolescence and early adulthood. Educational Psychology, 34(6), 659–673. https://doi.org/10.1080/01443410.2013.814191.
  • Ekiz, D. (2007). Investigation of pre-service teachers' views on educational philosophy movements in terms of different programs. Journal of Ondokuz Mayıs University Faculty of Education, 24, 1-12.
  • Evirgen, G. N., & Gözün-Kahraman, Ö. (2018). Investigation of the relationship between attachment and self-perception in preschool children. Hitit University Journal of Social Sciences Institute, 11(3), 2446-2454. doi: 10.17218/hititsosbil.417456.
  • Fraley, R. C. (2002). A attachment stability from ınfancy to adulthood: Meta-analysis and dynamic modeling of developmental mechanisms. Personality and Social Psychology Review. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327957PSPR0602_03.
  • Granot, D. & Mayseles, O. (2001). Attachment security and adjustment to school in middle childhood. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 25, 530-541. Doi: 10.1080/01650250042000366.
  • Hazan, C. & Shaver, P. R. (1994). Attachment as an organizational framework forresearch on close relationships. Psychological Inquiry, 5 (1), 1-22.
  • Kerns, K.A. & Brumariu, L.E. (2014). Is ınsecure parent–child attachment a risk factor for the development of anxiety in childhood or adolescence? Chıld Development Perspectıves, 8, 12-17. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdep.12054.
  • Kochanska, G. & Kim, S. (2013). Early attachment organization with both parents and future behavior problems: From ınfancy to middle childhood. Child Development, 84(1), 283–296. 10.1111/j.1467-8624.2012.01852.x.
  • Lee, L. S. (2008). Peer reciprocity, acceptence and friendship quality in chidren withautism in general educationalsettings [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. California University, Los Angeles.
  • Lewis, M. (1990). Handbook of developmental psychopathology, (120-125, s.). Plenum Press.
  • Lewis‐Morrarty, E., Degnan, K. A., Chronis‐Tuscano, A., Pine, D. S., Henderson, H. E., & Fox, N. A. (2015). Infant attachment security and early childhood behavioral ınhibition ınteract to predict adolescent social anxiety symptoms. Child Development, 86(2), 598-613.
  • Main, M. & Solomon, J. (1986). Discovery of an insecure-disorganized/disoriented attachment pattern. In T. B. Brazelton & M. W. Yogman (Eds.), Affective development in infancy (p. 95–124). Ablex Publishing.
  • Main, M. & Soloman, J. (1990). Procedures for identifying infants as disorganized/ disoriented during the Ainsworth Strange Situation. In M.T. Greenberg, D. Cicchetti, & E.M. Cummings (Eds.), Attachment in the preschool years (pp. 121-160). University of Chicago.
  • Thompson, M., O'Neill Grace, C., & Cohen, L. C. (2002). Best friends, worst enemies: Understanding the social lives of children. Ballantine Books.
  • Mikulincer, M., Shaver, P. R., & Pereg, D. (2003). Attachment theory and affect regulation: The dynamics, development, and cognitive consequences of attachment-related strategies. Motivation and Emotion, 27(2), 77–102. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1024515519160.
  • Mikulincer, M., Shaver, P. R., & Solomon, Z. (2015). An attachment perspective on traumatic and posttraumatic reactions. In M. P. Safir, H. S. Wallach, & A. S. Rizzo (Eds.), Future directions in post-traumatic stress disorder: Prevention, diagnosis, and treatment (p. 79–96). Springer Science & Business Media. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-7522-5_4.
  • Moss, E., Cyr, C., Bureau, J.-F., Tarabulsy, G. M. & Dubois-Comtois, K. (2005). Stability of attachment during the preschool period. Developmental Psychology, 41(5), 773-783. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.41.5.773.
  • Moss, E., St-Laurent, D., Dubois-Comtois, K. & Cry, C. (2005). Quality of attachment at school age: Relationship between child attachment behavior, psychological functioning and school performance. T. Greenberg, D. Cicchetti ve E.M. Cummings, (Ed.), In Attachment in the preschool years (189-211). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  • Nathanael, J. O., & Mark E. C. (2018). The role of avoidant attachment on college persistence and completion among youth in foster care. Children and Youth Services Review, 90, 106-117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2018.05.014.
  • Okpych, N.J. & M. E. (2018). Courtney barriers to degree completion for college students with foster care histories: results from a 10-year longitudinal study. Journal of College Student Retention: Research, Theory & Practice, 0(0) 1–2. https://doi.org/10.1177/1521025118791776.
  • Öztürk, N. (2017). Investigation of the relationship between the family climate perceived by university students and the way they attach to their parents and their self-confidence levels. The Journal of International Lingual Social and Educational Sciences, 3, 1.
  • Paktuna Keskin, S. (2014). Mother and child working in the mother business (11th Edt). İstanbul: Boyut Publishing.
  • Pearson,B.Z., Philip, A.,Cowan, P. A. & Cowan, P. C. (1993). Adult attachment and adult child-order parent relationships. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 4, 606-613.
  • Rholes, W.S., Simpson J. A., & Friedman, M. (2006). Avoidant attachment and the experience of parenting. Pers Soc Psychol Bull., 32(3), 275-85. doi: 10.1177/0146167205280910.
  • Seven, S. & İlhan-Ildız, G. (2020). Evaluation of the attachment status of 6-year-old children in Turkey sample studies of the incomplete doll family stories scale. Ulakbilge, 50, 806-817.
  • Seven, S. & Ogelman, H. G. (2012). Attachment stability in children aged 6 to 9 years in extended and nuclear families. Early Education ve Development, 23(5), 766–780. https://doi.org/10.1080/10409289.2011.607362.
  • Seven, S. (2006), Examination of the relationship between the social skill levels of 6-year-old children and their attachment status [PhD Thesis]. Gazi University, Ankara.
  • Seven, S. (2010). Attachment and social behaviors in the period of transition from preschool to first grade. Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal, 38(3), 347–356. https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2010.38.3.347.
  • Shamir-Essakow, G., Ungerer, J.A., & Rapee, R.M. (2005). Attachment, behavioral ınhibition, and anxiety in preschool children, Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 33(2), 131-143.
  • Shaver, P. & Brennan, K.A. (1992). Attachment styles and the “big five” personality traits: their connections with each other and with romantic relationship outcomes. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 18 (5), 536-545.
  • Shaver, P. R. & Mikulincer, M. (2002). Dialogue on adultattachment: Diversityand ıntegration. Attachmentand Human Development, 4, 133-161.
  • Simpson, J. A. & Rholes, W. S. E. (1998). Attachment theory and close relationships. Guilford Press.
  • Simpson, J. A. (1990). Influence of attachment styles on romantic relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 59(5), 971–980. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.59.5.971.
  • Stevens, F. (2014). Affect regulation styles in avoidant and anxious attachment. Individual Differences Research, 12(3), 123-130.
  • Sümer, N. (2006). Categorical and dimensional comparison of the adult attachment measures. Turkish Journal of Psychology, 21, 1-22.
  • Uluç, S. & Öktem, F. (2009). Evaluation of safe place scenarios in preschool children. Turkish Journal of Psychology, 24(63), 69-83.
  • Vitasari, P., Wahab, M.N.A., Othman, A., Herawan, T. & Sinnadurai, S.K. (2010). The relationship between study anxiety and academic performance among engineering students. Procedia Social and Behavioural Sciences, 8, 490-497.
  • Waters E, Hamilton C.E., Weinfield NS. The stability of attachment security from infancy to adolescence and early adulthood: general introduction. Child Development, 71(3), 678-683. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8624.00175
  • Waters, E., Merrick, S., Treboux, D., Crowell, J. & Albersheim, L., (2000). Attachment security in ınfancy and early adulthood: A twenty-year longitudinal study. Child Development, 71(3), 684-689.
  • Wiltz, J. M. A. (2005). İdentifying factors associated with friendship in individuals with mental retardation [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. Ohio StateUniversity, Ohio.
  • Yalom, I.D. (2014), Treating preschool children (Ş. Ç. Yeşilmen, translator), Istanbul: Prestij Publications.
  • Yıldırım, A., Şimşek, H. (2000). Qualitative research in social sciences. Seçkin.
  • Yin, R. K. (2003). Case study research, design and methods (3rd ed. Vol. 5). SAGE Publications.
Toplam 59 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Psikoloji
Bölüm Research Article
Yazarlar

Feyza Uçar Çabuk 0000-0001-7341-0420

Serdal Seven Bu kişi benim 0000-0003-3965-4725

Zeynep Deniz Seven Bu kişi benim 0000-0003-3900-989X

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Ekim 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 8 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA Uçar Çabuk, F., Seven, S., & Seven, Z. D. (2021). What Happened to Children with Avoidant Attachment? A Study of Social Relations-Based Behaviours of Avoidant Children from the Age of 6 to 19. International Journal of Psychology and Educational Studies, 8(4), 67-77.