LEFKOŞA KENTİ AÇIK-YEŞİL ALAN SİSTEMİ BAZINDA KENTSEL EKOSİSTEM HİZMETLERİNİN KATILIMCI YAKLAŞIMLA DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 112 - 122, 31.12.2022

Gülay Çetinkaya Çiftçioğlu Aslıhan Aydın

https://doi.org/10.53784/peyzaj.1218945

Öz

Bu araştırmanın amacı; KKTC’nin Lefkoşa kenti örneğinde mevcut açık-yeşil alan sisteminin bölge halkına sağladığı kentsel ekosistem hizmetlerinin katılımcı bir yaklaşımla belirlenmesi ve değerlendirilmesini içermektedir. Araştırmanın başlıca alt-hedefleri: (i) mevcut açık-yeşil alanlardaki bitki türlerinin saptanması ve (ii) açık-yeşil alanların bölge halkına sağladığı kentsel ekosistem hizmetlerinin değerlendirilmesidir. Araştırma yöntemi BinYıl Ekosistem Hizmetleri Değerlendirmesi (2005) ve 1-5 Likert Ölçekte sosyal tercih yönteminin entegrasyonunu içermektedir. Araştırmanın alt-hedefleri doğrultusunda 14 Ocak – 26 Şubat 2017 tarihleri arasında bölgede survey çalışmaları gerçekleştirilmiştir. Hazırlanan bir anket formuna 160 ziyaretçinin katılımı ile kentsel ekosistem hizmetlerinin sosyal değeri sorgulanmıştır. Elde edilen verilerin SPSS Programı ile değerlendirilmesi sonucunda, mevcut açık-yeşil alan sisteminin sağladığı ekosistem hizmetlerinin toplam ortalama göreceli değeri 2,43 (çok düşük) olarak belirlenmiştir. Ekosistem hizmetlerinin ortalama göreceli değeri çok düşük olarak meydanlar (2,30) ve ev bahçeleri (2,48) arasında değişim göstermiştir. Ayrıca, mevcut açık-yeşil alanlarda 229 bitki türü saptanmıştır. Katılımcılar ile yapılan görüşmeler sonucunda ‘bitki tür çeşitliliğinin’ kentsel ekosistem hizmetlerinin sosyal değerinin artmasını sağlayan başlıca kriter olduğu belirlenmiştir. Maalesef, aşırı kentleşme ve KKTC’nin ulusal planlama mevzuatında peyzajı temel alan bütüncül bir planlama yaklaşımının bulunmaması kentsel ekosistemleri ve hizmetlerini tehdit etmektedir. Sonuç olarak, KKTC-Ulusal Peyzaj Stratejisinin ivedilikle hazırlanmasına ihtiyaç vardır. Ayrıca, bölgesel ve ulusal ölçekte ekosistem hizmetlerinin ekolojik, ekonomik ve sosyal değerleri belirlenmeli ve ilgili planlama stratejilerine entegre edilmelidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Açık-Yeşil Alanlar, Kentsel Ekosistem Hizmetleri, Kentsel Peyzaj, Lefkoşa, Green Open Spaces, Urban Ecosystem Services, Urban Landscape, Nicosia

EVALUATION OF THE URBAN ECOSYSTEM SERVICES USING A PARTICIPATORY APPROACH IN THE CASE OF OPEN-GREEN SPACES OF NICOSIA CITY

Öz

The purpose of this study was to determine and evaluate the urban ecosystem services using a participatory approach in the case of green-open spaces of Nicosia City located in the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC). The study’s objectives were: (i) to identify the plant diversity in the open-green spaces and (ii) to quantify and evaluate the social values of the urban ecosystem services. The method of the study included the integration of the Millennium Ecosystem Services Assessment (2005) and the social preference method based on a 1-5 Likert Scale. Within this context, survey studies were conducted in the region between 14 January and 26 February 2017. The social values of urban ecosystem services were questioned by a questionnaire designed and applied to 160 visitors. As a result of the analysis of the data by the SPSS Program, the total average relative value of the urban ecosystem services delivered by the green open spaces was estimated to be very low at 2,43 points. The average relative value of the ecosystem services varied as very low between urban squares (2,30 points) and home gardens (2,48 points). Besides, 229 plant species were identified in the green open spaces. During the questionnaire, the results of the interviews conducted with the participants uncovered that ‘plant diversity’ is the key criterion that enables the increase in the social values of the urban ecosystem services. Unfortunately, intensive urbanization and the absence of an integrated landscape planning approach in the national planning legislation of TRNC threaten the urban ecosystems and their services. In response to this, the national landscape strategy should urgently be prepared. Besides, the ecological, economic, and social values of ecosystem services at regional and national scales should be determined and integrated into relevant planning strategies.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Green Open Spaces, Urban Ecosystem Services, Urban Landscape, Nicosia

Kaynakça

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