Ebeveyn Eğitimine Odaklanan Bir Oyun Terapisi Modeli: Çocuk-Ebeveyn İlişki Terapisi

Öz

Çocuk-Ebeveyn İlişki Terapisi oyun terapisi ve aile terapisini birleştiren bir yaklaşımdır. Ebeveynlere yapılandırma, empatik dinleme, çocuk merkezli hayali oyun ve sınır koyma becerilerinin öğretilip çocuklarının oyun terapisti olmalarını sağlama düşüncesini temel alır. Genel amacı çocuk-ebeveyn ilişkisini güçlendirmektir. 3-10 yaş arası çocuğu olan ebeveynler için yapılandırılmış, 10 haftalık, grup formatında bir eğitimdir. Ebeveynlere 3 hafta eğitim verildikten sonra eğitim oturumlarına paralel olarak çocuklarıyla 7 hafta sürecek özel oyun seansları başlar. Bu seanslar, ebeveynlere çocuklarının duygularını fark etmeyi, etkin dinlemeyi, öz saygı oluşturmayı ve terapötik olarak sınırlar koymayı öğretirken eğitime katılan ailelerin de ebeveynlik becerilerinin gelişmesini sağlar. Bu derlemede, Çocuk-Ebeveyn İlişki Terapisinin tarihçesi, amaçları, ebeveyn-çocuk iletişimi ve eğitim boyutları, oyun odası ve oyuncak seçimi, eğitim seanslarının içerikleri ve yaklaşımın etkililiği üzerine yapılan çalışmalar yer almaktadır. Model değerlendirildiğinde ebeveyn stresini ve çocukların davranış problemlerini azaltmada, ebeveyn kabulünü ve empati düzeylerini ise geliştirmede etkili bir yaklaşım olduğu görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Çocuk-Ebeveyn İlişki Terapisi
• filial terapi
• oyun terapisi
• aile terapisi

A Play Therapy Model Focusing on Parent Training: Child-Parent Relationship Therapy

Abstract

Child-Parent Relationship Therapy is an approach that combines play therapy and family therapy. It is based on the idea of teaching parents the skills of structuring, emphatic listening, imaginary play and limit-setting and enabling their children to become play therapists. The overall aim is to strengthen the child-parent relationship. It is a structured, 10-week, group format training for parents with children aged 3-10. After 3 week-parent training, special play sessions with their children for 7 weeks begin in parallel with the training sessions. These sessions teach parents to recognize their children's emotions, listen effectively, build self-esteem, and set boundaries therapeutically, while helping parents develop parenting skills. In this review, the history of Child-Parent Relationship Therapy, its aims, parent-child interaction and training dimensions, playroom and toy selection, content of training sessions and research studies on its effectiveness are explained. Evaluating the model, it was seen that CPRT was an effective approach in reducing parental stress and behavioral problems of children, and improving parental acceptance and empathy levels.

Keywords

• Child-Parent Relationship Therapy
• filial therapy
• play therapy
• family therapy

Kaynakça

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