Predictors of Psychological Resilience: Childhood Trauma Experiences and Forgiveness

Abstract

Psychological resilience enables the person to come out of this situation in a strong way without being harmed after traumatic events. In our study, the relationship between experiencing childhood traumas, types of forgiveness and psychological resilience was examined. In addition, it was also investigated how childhood traumatic experiences and types of forgiveness (forgiving oneself, forgiving the situation, forgiving others) predict psychological resilience. In this study, which was conducted with the relational screening model, the relationships between the dependent variable “Psychological Resilience” and the independent variables “Childhood Traumas” and “Forgiveness” were examined by multiple linear regression analysis Enter method. Data were collected from a total of 366 participants, 236 of whom were women (64.5%) and 130 (35.5%) were men, living in the province of Istanbul. The Personal Information Form, Childhood Trauma Scale [CTS], Adult Resilience Scale [PDS] and Heartland Forgiveness Scale [HAS] were applied to the individuals in the sample. In the study, the relationships between the variables mentioned first were examined, the relationship was determined, and according to the results of the multiple linear regression analysis, it was determined that childhood traumas, self-forgiveness and forgiveness of the situation predicted psychological resilience, while forgiveness of others had no predictive effect. In the study, it was concluded that childhood trauma experiences negatively predicted psychological resilience, while self-forgiveness and forgiving the situation variables predicted it positively. It is thought that it is very important to study self-forgiveness, especially when working with childhood traumas in psychological trauma-based interventions and psychotherapy processes.

Keywords

• Psychological Resilience
• Childhood Trauma
• Forgiveness

Psikolojik Dayanıklılığın Yordayıcıları: Çocukluk Çağı Travma Yaşantıları ve Affetme

Öz

Psikolojik dayanıklılık travmatik olaylar sonrasında kişinin zarar görmeden güçlü bir şekilde bu durumdan çıkmasını sağlar. Çalışmamızda çocukluk çağı travmaları yaşamış olma, affetme türleri ve psikolojik dayanıklılık arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir. Ayrıca çocukluk çağı travmatik yaşantılarının ve affetme türlerinin (kendini affetme, durumu affetme, başkalarını affetme) psikolojik dayanıklılığı nasıl yordadığı da araştırılmıştır. İlişkisel tarama modeli ile yürütülen bu araştırmada, bağımlı değişken olan “Psikolojik Dayanıklılık” ile bağımsız değişkenler “Çocukluk Çağı Travmaları” ve “Affetme” arasındaki ilişkiler çoklu doğrusal regresyon analizi standart yöntem (Enter metodu) ile incelenmiştir. İstanbul ilinde yaşayan, 236’sı kadın (%64.5), 130’u (%35.5) erkek olmak üzere toplam 366 katılımcıdan veri toplanmıştır. Örneklemi oluşturan bireylere Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Çocukluk Çağı Travmaları Ölçeği [ÇÇTÖ], Yetişkinler için Psikolojik Dayanıklılık Ölçeği [PDÖ] ve Heartland Affetme Ölçeği [HAÖ] uygulanmıştır. Yapılan çalışmada ilk olarak belirtilen değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiler incelenmiş, çocukluk çağı travma yaşantıları ile psikolojik dayanıklılık arasında negatif, kendini affetme ile psikolojik dayanıklılık arasında pozitif bir ilişki saptanmıştır. Çoklu doğrusal regresyon analizi sonuçlarına göre de çocukluk çağı travmaları, kendini affetme ve durumu affetmenin psikolojik dayanıklılığı yordadığı, başkalarını affetmenin ise herhangi bir yordayıcı etkisinin olmadığı saptanmıştır. Çalışmada çocukluk çağı travma yaşantılarının psikolojik dayanıklılığı negatif şekilde yordadığı, kendini affetme ve durumu affetme değişkenlerinin ise pozitif olarak yordadığı sonucuna varılmıştır. Psikolojik travma temelli müdahalelerde ve psikoterapi süreçlerinde çocukluk çağı travmaları ile çalışırken, özellikle kendini affetmenin çalışılmasının oldukça önemli olduğu düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Psikolojik dayanıklılık
• travma
• affetme
• kendini affetme

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