Araştırma Makalesi
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Sosyal Biliş Becerilerinin Sosyal Kaygı Üzerindeki Yordayıcı Etkisi

Yıl 2022, , 226 - 241, 29.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.1167103

Öz

Bu çalışmanın temel amacı sosyal kaygı ile sosyal biliş becerileri (duygu tanıma/ayırt etme, zihin kuramı, atıf yanlılığı, sosyal işlevsellik) arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek ve sosyal biliş becerilerinin sosyal kaygıyı yordama gücünü araştırmaktır. Çalışmada ayrıca sosyal kaygı, sosyal biliş becerileri ve depresyon puanlarının cinsiyet, yaş, bildirilen tanı durumu ve sosyal kaygı düzeyine göre farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığı araştırılmıştır. Çalışmanın örneklemini, 18-60 yaşları arasında bulunan toplam 385 kişi oluşturmuştur. Araştırma verileri çevrimiçi olarak Liebowitz Sosyal Anksiyete Ölçeği, Yüzde Dışavuran Duyguların Tanınması ve Ayırt Edilmesi Testi, Gözlerden Zihin Okuma Testi, İçsel, Kişisel ve Durumsal Atıflar Ölçeği, Sosyal İşlevsellik Ölçeği, Beck Depresyon Envanteri ve Sosyodemografik Bilgi Formu kullanılarak katılımcılardan toplanmıştır. Sosyal kaygı ile duygu tanıma, duygu ayırt etme ve gözlerden zihin okuma arasında negatif, dışsallaştırma yanlılığı ve depresyon ile ise pozitif yönde anlamlı ilişki olduğu belirlenmiştir. Depresyon, duygu tanıma ve ayırt etme, gözlerden zihin okuma ve öncül sosyal etkinlikler ölçek puanlarının sosyal kaygıyı anlamlı düzeyde yordadığı bulunmuştur. Bu değişkenler sosyal kaygıya ilişkin toplam varyansın %52’sini açıklamaktadır. Ayrıca, depresyon etkisi kontrol edildiğinde sosyal biliş becerilerinin sosyal kaygıya ilişkin varyansın %32’sini açıkladığı görülmüştür. Sosyal biliş becerilerindeki bozulmanın ve depresyon puanlarının sosyal kaygının artışıyla ilişkili olduğu belirlenmiştir. Araştırmadan elde edilen sonuçlara göre, sosyal kaygıyı önlemeye yönelik önerilerde bulunulmuştur. Müdahale programları içerisinde bireylerin kişilerarası iletişimi için önemli olan sosyal biliş becerilerini geliştirmeye yönelik etkinliklere yer verilmesinin yararlı olacağı önerilmektedir.

Kaynakça

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  • Alden LE, Taylor CT (2004) Interpersonal processes in social phobia. Clin Psychol Rev, 24(7):857-882.
  • Altemus M, Sarvaiya N, Neill Epperson C (2014) Sex differences in anxiety and depression clinical perspectives. Front Neuroendocrinol, 35(3):320-330.
  • Arrais KC, Machado-de-Sousa JP, Trzesniak C, Santos Filho A, Ferrari MCF, Osório FL et al. (2010) Social anxiety disorder women easily recognize fearfull, sad and happy faces: the influence of gender. J Psychiatr Res, 44(8):535-540.
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Predictive Effect of Social Cognitive Skills on Social Anxiety

Yıl 2022, , 226 - 241, 29.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.1167103

Öz

The main purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between social anxiety and social cognition skills (emotion identification/discrimination, theory of mind, attribution bias, social functioning) and to investigate the predictive power of social cognition skills on social anxiety. In the study, it was also investigated whether social anxiety, social cognition skills and depression scores differed according to gender, age, reported diagnosis status and anxiety level. The sample of the study consisted of a total of 385 participants between the ages of 18-60. The research data were collected from the participants online using the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale, the Facial Emotion Identification and Facial Emotion Discrimination Tests, Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test, the Internal, Personal and Situational Attributes Scale, the Social Functioning Scale, the Beck Depression Inventory, and the Sociodemographic Information Form. It was determined that there was a negative relationship between social anxiety and emotion recognition, emotion discrimination and mind reading, and a positive relationship with externalization bias and depression. It was found that depression, emotion recognition and discrimination, mind reading, and antecedent social activities scale scores significantly predicted social anxiety. These variables explain 52% of the total variance related to social anxiety. In addition, when the depression effect was controlled, it was seen that social cognition skills explained 32% of the variance related to social anxiety. It was determined that the deterioration in social cognition skills and depression scores were associated with an increase in social anxiety. According to the results obtained from the research, suggestions were made to prevent social anxiety. It is suggested that it would be beneficial to include activities to develop social cognition skills, which are important for individuals' interpersonal communication, within intervention programs.

Kaynakça

  • Albert PR (2015) Why is depression more prevalent in women?. J Psychiatry Neurosci; JPN, 40(4):219.
  • Altemus M, Sarvaiya N, Epperson CN (2014) Sex differences in anxiety and depression clinical perspectives. Front Neuroendocrinol, 35(3):320-330.
  • Alvi T, Kouros CD, Lee J, Fulford D, Tabak BA (2020) Social anxiety is negatively associated with theory of mind and empathic accuracy. J Abnorm Psychol, 129(1):108.
  • Amerikan Psikiyatri Birliği (APA) (2013) Ruhsal Bozuklukların Tanısal ve Sayımsal Elkitabı (DSM-5): Tanı Ölçütleri Başvuru Elkitabı (5. Basım) (Çeviri Ed. E Köroğlu). Ankara, Hekimler Yayın Birliği.
  • Amerikan Psikiyatri Birliği (2000) Psikiyatride Hastalıkların Tanımlanması ve Sınıflandırılması Elkitabı (Yeniden Gözden Geçirilmiş 4. Baskı) (DSM-IV-TR) (Çeviri Ed. E Köroğlu). Ankara, Hekimler Yayın Birliği.
  • Andersson G (2014) The internet and CBT: A clinical guide. CRC Press.
  • Albert PR (2015) Why is depression more prevalent in women?. J Psychiatry Neurosci, 40(4):219.
  • Alden LE, Taylor CT (2004) Interpersonal processes in social phobia. Clin Psychol Rev, 24(7):857-882.
  • Altemus M, Sarvaiya N, Neill Epperson C (2014) Sex differences in anxiety and depression clinical perspectives. Front Neuroendocrinol, 35(3):320-330.
  • Arrais KC, Machado-de-Sousa JP, Trzesniak C, Santos Filho A, Ferrari MCF, Osório FL et al. (2010) Social anxiety disorder women easily recognize fearfull, sad and happy faces: the influence of gender. J Psychiatr Res, 44(8):535-540.
  • Asher M, Asnaani A, Aderka IM (2017) Gender differences in social anxiety disorder: A review. Clin Psychol Rev, 56:1-12.
  • Ballespí S, Vives J, Sharp C, Tobar A, Barrantes-Vidal N (2019) Hypermentalizing in social anxiety: Evidence for a context-dependent relationship. Front Psychol, 10:1501.
  • Bandelow B, Michaelis S (2015) Epidemiology of anxiety disorders in the 21st century. Dialogues Clin Neurosci, 17(3):327.
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  • McClure EB (2000) A meta-analytic review of sex differences in facial expression processing and their development in infants, children, and adolescents. Psychol Bull, 126:424–453.
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  • Moscovitch DA, Antony MM, Swinson RP (2009) Exposure-based treatments for anxiety disorders: Theory and process. In Oxford handbook of anxiety and related disorders, (Eds MM Anthony, MB Stein):461-475.
  • Murphy R, Hirsch CR, Mathews A, Smith K, Clark DM (2007) Facilitating a benign interpretation bias in a high socially anxious population. Behav Res Ther, 45(7):1517-1529.
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  • Oğuzhanoğlu NK, Bayraktutan M, Varma GS, Uğurlu TT (2019) Sosyal anksiyete bozukluğunda aleksitimi ve sempatik deri yanıtları üzerine ilaç ve psikodrama grup terapisinin etkileri. Klinik Psikiyatri Dergisi, 22(4).
  • Olgun-Kaval N (2021) Sosyal anksiyete belirtilerini azaltmaya yönelik internet temelli bir sosyal biliş eğitim programının uyarlanması ve etkililiğinin incelenmesi (Doktora tezi). İzmir, Ege Üniversitesi: Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • Pequet A, Warnell KR (2021) Thinking of you: Relations between mind‐mindedness, theory of mind, and social anxiety traits in middle childhood and adulthood. Social Development, 30:95-112.
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  • Plana I, Lavoie MA, Battaglia M, Achim AM (2014) A meta-analysis and scoping review of social cognition performance in social phobia, posttraumatic stress disorder and other anxiety disorders. J Anxiety Disord, 28(2):169-177.
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  • Yıldırım E, Alptekin K (2012) Şizofrenide öne çıkan yeni bir boyut: Sosyal biliş. Dusunen Adam, 25(4):368-375.
  • Yılmaz G (2016) Şizofreni tanısı alan hastaların zihin kuramı işlevleri ve sosyal değerlendirilme kaygısı düzeyleri açısından sosyal anksiyete bozukluğu tanılı hastalar ve sağlıklı kontroller ile karşılaştırılması (Tıpta uzmanlık tezi) İstanbul, İstanbul Bakırköy Prof. Dr. Mazhar Osman Ruh Sağlığı ve Sinir Has. Eğt. ve Arş. Hastanesi.
  • Yoon KL, Fitzgerald DA, Angstadt M, McCarron RA, Phan KL (2007) Amygdala reactivity to emotional faces at high and low intensity in generalized social phobia: A 4-Tesla functional MRI study. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging, 154(1):93-98.
  • Youmans GL (2004) Theory of mind performance of individuals with alzheimer-type dementia profiles (Doctorial Thesis) Florida, Florida State University.
  • Washburn D, Wilson G, Roes M, Rnic K, Harkness KL (2016) Theory of mind in social anxiety disorder, depression, and comorbid conditions. J Anxiety Disord, 37:71-77.
  • Zeppegno P, Gramaglia C, Antona M, Gili S, Marchisio S, Gogliani A et al. (2014) Psychopathology, personality and theory of mind in a sample of university students. Riv Psichiatr, 49(3):132-139.
  • Zullow HM, Oettingen G, Peterson C, Seligman ME (1988) Pessimistic explanatory style in the historical record: CAVing LBJ, presidential candidates, and East versus West Berlin. Am Psychol, 43(9):673.
Toplam 107 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Psikoloji
Bölüm Araştırma
Yazarlar

Nesibe Olgun Kaval 0000-0002-3591-9397

Haluk Arkar 0000-0002-1103-1203

Yayımlanma Tarihi 29 Aralık 2022
Kabul Tarihi 2 Kasım 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022

Kaynak Göster

AMA Olgun Kaval N, Arkar H. Predictive Effect of Social Cognitive Skills on Social Anxiety. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar. Aralık 2022;14(Ek 1):226-241. doi:10.18863/pgy.1167103

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