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Interactive Robots: Therapy Robots

Yıl 2024, , 16 - 30, 31.03.2024
https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.1242958

Öz

Robots are becoming increasingly common in many areas of human life as technology advances. Considering the usage areas, robots appear in a wide range, from entertainment to psychotherapy. In addition to its role in facilitating human life, its use in the health field has recently been quite remarkable. In this study, interactive robots are evaluated in general and their use in the mental health field is discussed on a large scale. Accordingly, the primary purpose of this study is to examine the need for the development of interactive and therapy robots, their areas of use, and studies on their effectiveness as well as therapy robots that are generally accepted in the relevant literature. The results of the examination show that interactive robots are classified into six groups: social, entertainment, educational, rehabilitation, sex, and therapy robots. In the related literature, Eliza, Woebot, Youper, Wysa, Simsensei Kiosk, Paro, NeCoRo, Kaspar, Bandit, and Pepper have generally been accepted as therapy robots. The results of the studies demonstrate the effectiveness and the usage of interactive therapy robots in therapy for different groups and needs, especially for disadvantaged individuals. On the other hand, it is considered that more research on the effectiveness of robots is needed. Considering the effects on mental health and quality of life, it is believed that the usage of robots in therapy is important and its widespread use will have a significant positive effect in the field.

Kaynakça

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  • Abd-Alrazaq AA, Rababeh A, Alajlani M, Bewick BM, Househ M (2020) Effectiveness and safety of using chatbots to improve mental health: systematic review and meta-analysis. J Med Internet Res, 22:e16021.
  • Abd-Alrazaq AA, Alajlani M, Ali N, Denecke K, Bewick BM, Househ M (2021) Perceptions and opinions of patients about mental health chatbots: scoping review. J Med Internet Res, 23:e17828.
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Etkileşimli Robotlar: Terapi Robotları

Yıl 2024, , 16 - 30, 31.03.2024
https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.1242958

Öz

Teknolojinin gelişmesiyle birlikte robotların kullanımı insan hayatının pek çok alanında gittikçe yaygınlaşmaktadır. Kullanım alanlarına bakıldığında robotlar eğlenceden psikoterapiye oldukça geniş bir yelpazede karşımıza çıkmaktadır. İnsan hayatını kolaylaştırıcı rolünün yanında sağlık alanındaki kullanımı da son zamanlarda oldukça dikkat çekici boyuttadır. Bu çalışmada etkileşimli robotlar genel olarak değerlendirilmekle birlikte ruh sağlığı alanındaki kullanımı geniş bir ölçekte ele alınmıştır. Bu doğrultuda çalışmanın temel amacı etkileşimli robotların ve terapi robotlarının geliştirilmesine duyulan ihtiyacı, kullanım alanlarını, etkililiğine yönelik gerçekleştirilen çalışmaları ve ilgili alan yazında genel olarak kabul görmüş terapi robotlarını incelemektir. Yapılan inceleme sonucu etkileşimli robotların sosyal, eğlence, eğitim, rehabilitasyon, cinsellik ve terapi robotları olmak üzere altı kategoride ele alındığı tespit edilmiştir. İlgili alan yazında Eliza, Woebot, Youper, Wysa, Simsensei Kiosk, Paro, NeCoRo, Kaspar, Bandit ve Pepper’ın genel olarak kabul gören terapi robotları oldukları değerlendirilmiştir. Yapılan çalışmalar etkileşimli terapi robotlarının özellikle dezavantajlı bireylere yönelik olmak üzere farklı gruplara ve ihtiyaçlara dönük kullanımının terapi için yaygın ve etkili olduğunu göstermektedir. Diğer taraftan robotların etkililiğine yönelik daha fazla araştırmaya ihtiyaç duyulduğu değerlendirilmektedir. Ruh sağlığı ve insanların yaşam kalitesi üzerindeki etkileri göz önüne alındığında, terapi alanında robotların kullanımının önemli olduğu ve kullanımın yaygınlaşmasının alanda anlamlı düzeyde pozitif bir etki yaratacağı düşünülmektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Abd-Alrazaq AA, Alajlani M, Alalwan AA, Bewick BM, Gardner P, Househ M. (2019) An overview of the features of chatbots in mental health: A scoping review. Int J Med Inform, 132:103978.
  • Abd-Alrazaq AA, Rababeh A, Alajlani M, Bewick BM, Househ M (2020) Effectiveness and safety of using chatbots to improve mental health: systematic review and meta-analysis. J Med Internet Res, 22:e16021.
  • Abd-Alrazaq AA, Alajlani M, Ali N, Denecke K, Bewick BM, Househ M (2021) Perceptions and opinions of patients about mental health chatbots: scoping review. J Med Internet Res, 23:e17828.
  • Aresti-Bartolome N, Garcia-Zapirain B (2014) Technologies as support tools for persons with autistic spectrum disorder: A systematic review. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 11:7767–7802.
  • Bartneck C, Forlizzi J (2004) A design-centred framework for social human-robot interaction. In 13th IEEE International Workshop On Robot and Human Interactive Communication, 591-594. 20-22 September 2004, Kurashiki, Japan.
  • Bechade L, Dubuisson-Duplessis G, Pittaro G, Garcia, M Devillers L (2019) Towards metrics of evaluation of pepper robot as a social companion for the elderly. In Advanced Social Interaction with Agents (Eds. M Eskenazi, L Devillers and J Mariani): 89-101. June 6-9 2017, Farmington, PA, USA.
  • Belpaeme T, Kennedy J, Ramachandran A, Scassellati B, Tanaka F (2018) Social robots for education: A review. Sci Robot, 3:eaat5954.
  • Bemelmans R, Gelderblom GJ, Jonker P, De Witte L (2012) Socially assistive robots in elderly care: A systematic review into effects and effectiveness. J Am Med Dir Assoc, 13:114-120.
  • Bendig E, Erb B, Schulze-Thuesing L, Baumeister H (2019) The next generation: Chatbots in clinical psychology and psychotherapy to foster mental health–a scoping review. Verhaltenstherapie, 1-13.
  • Bickmore TW, Mitchell SE, Jack BW, Paasche-Orlow MK, Pfeifer LM, O’Donnell J (2010) Response to a relational agent by hospital patients with depressive symptoms. Interact Comput, 22:289-298.
  • Bilgin H (2022) Yapay zekânın mahkeme kararlarında kullanımına uluslararası bir bakış ve robot hâkimler hakkında düşünceler. İnönü Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, 13:405-419.
  • Broekens J, Heerink M, Rosendal H (2009) Assistive social robots in elderly care: a review. Gerontechnology, 8:94-103.
  • Breazeal CL (2002) Designing Sociable Robots. London, MIT Press.
  • Buerger SP, Palazzolo JJ, Krebs HI, Hogan N (2004) Rehabilitation robotics: Adapting robot behavior to suit patient needs and abilities. In Proceedings of the 2004 American Control Conference, 3239-3244. 30 June 2004- 02 July 2004 Boston, MA, USA.
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  • Mehta A, Niles AN, Vargas JH, Marafon T, Couto DD, Gross JJ (2021) Acceptability and effectiveness of artificial intelligence therapy for anxiety and depression (Youper): Longitudinal observational study. J Med Internet Res, 23:e26771.
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  • Ramachandran M, Suharwardy S, Leonard SA, Gunaseelan A, Robinson A, Darcy A et al. (2020) 74: Acceptability of postnatal mood management through a smartphone-based automated conversational agent. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol, 222:62
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  • Saint-Aimé S, Le-Pevedic B, Duhaut D, Shibata T (2007) EmotiRob: companion robot project. In RO-MAN 2007-The 16th IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication, 919-924. 26-29 August 2007 Jeju, Korea (South).
  • Sakagami Y, Watanabe R, Aoyama C, Matsunaga S, Higaki N, Fujimura K (2002) The intelligent ASIMO: System overview and integration. In IEEE/RSJ international conference on intelligent robots and systems, 2478-2483. 30 September 2002- 04 October 2002 Lausanne, Switzerland.
  • Saldien J, Goris K, Yılmazyıldız S, Verhelst W, Lefeber D (2008) On the desing of the huggable robot Probo. Journal of Physical Agents, 2:3-11.
  • Sato M, Yasuhara Y, Osaka K, Ito H, Dino MJ S, Ong IL et al. (2020) Rehabilitation care with Pepper humanoid robot: A qualitative case study of older patients with schizophrenia and/or dementia in Japan. Enferm Clin, 30:32-36.
  • Scassellati B, Admoni H, Matarić M (2012) Robots for use in autism research. Annu Rev Biomed Eng, 14:275-294.
  • Scassellati B, Brawer J, Tsui K, Nasihati GS, Malzkuhn M, Manini B, et al. (2018) Teaching language to deaf infants with a robot and a virtual human. In Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 21- 26 April 2018 Montreal QC Canada. page:1-13.
  • Sharkey A, Wood N (2014) The Paro seal robot: Demeaning or enabling. In Proceedings of AISB, 36:2014.
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  • Shibata T, Inoue K, Irie R (1996) Emotional robot for intelligent system-artificial emotional creature project. In Proceedings 5th IEEE International Workshop on Robot and Human Communication, RO-MAN'96 TSUKUBA, 466-471. 11-14 November 1996 Tsukuba, Japan.
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  • Wada K, Shibata T (2007) Social effects of robot therapy in a care house-Change of social network of the residents for two months. In Proceedings-IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, 1250-1255. 10-14 April 2007 Rome, Italy.
  • Wada K, Shibata T, Saito T, Tanie K (2002) Robot assisted activity for elderly people and nurses at a day service center. In Proceedings 2002 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, 1416-1421.11-15 May 2002 Washington, DC, USA.
  • Wainer J, Robins B, Amirabdollahian F, Dautenhahn K (2014) Using the humanoid robot KASPAR to autonomously play triadic games and facilitate collaborative play among children with autism. IEEE Trans Auton Ment Dev, 6:183-199.
  • Wasil AR, Gillespie S, Shingleton R, Wilks CR, Weisz JR (2020) Examining the reach of smartphone apps for depression and anxiety. Am J Psychiatry, 177:464-465.
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  • Williams JG, Whiten A, Singh T (2004) A systematic review of action imitation in autistic spectrum disorder. J Autism Dev Disord, 34:285– 299.
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  • Woebot (2022) Woebot Health. https://woebothealth.com/about-us/ (Accessed 7.8.2022).
  • Wysa (2022a) Mental health support, for everyone. https://www.wysa.io/ (Accessed 7.8.2022).
  • Wysa (2022b) FAQs. https://www.wysa.io/faq (Accessed 7.8.2022).
  • Youper (2022a) About us. https://www.youper.ai/new-about-us (Accessed 6.8.2022).
  • Youper (2022b) Our approach. https://www.youper.ai/our-approach (Accessed 6.8.2022).
  • Youper (2022c) Youper. https://www.youper.ai/ (Accessed 6.8.2022).
  • Youper (2022d) Our tech. https://www.youper.ai/our-tech (Accessed 29.8.2022).
Toplam 106 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Psikoloji
Bölüm Derleme
Yazarlar

Kadem Gürkan Akyazı 0000-0001-8117-6005

Şule Baştemur 0000-0003-3940-0565

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 23 Mayıs 2023
Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Mart 2024
Kabul Tarihi 29 Nisan 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024

Kaynak Göster

AMA Akyazı KG, Baştemur Ş. Interactive Robots: Therapy Robots. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar. Mart 2024;16(1):16-30. doi:10.18863/pgy.1242958

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