Derleme
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Alcohol Addiction in Children and Adolescents

Yıl 2024, , 239 - 250, 30.06.2024
https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.1271849

Öz

Addiction is an uncontrollable desire for the repetition of a particular obsession, despite its negative impact on health and causing harm to social lives. Although it affects their well-being, people persist in pursuing and maintaining this compulsive behavior. Nowadays, substance addiction issues are emerging prominently in children and adolescents as much as in adults. Alcohol can lead to permanent and serious developmental disorders in the adolescent brain. Among these damages, there is a significant risk of losing mental health and experiencing severe psychiatric illnesses such as psychosis and schizophrenia. Especially during critical periods like childhood and adolescence, early alcohol use poses a biopsychosocial (biological, psychological, and social) problem leading to serious negative consequences in society. This study aims to address alcohol addiction in children and adolescents, discussing risk factors, potential problems they might face, treatment approaches, and providing recommendations for approaching this issue for both families and healthcare professionals.

Kaynakça

  • ACHA (2019) American College Health Association-National College Health Assessment II: Reference Group Executive Summary Spring 2019. Silver Spring, MD, American College Health Association.
  • Adsız Alkolikler Türkiye (2021) AA Türkiye. http://www.adsizalkolikler.com/index.php/home/aa-turkiye/ (Accessed 17.09.2022)
  • Ahuja M, Awasthi M, Records K, Lamichhane RR (2021) Early age of alcohol ınitiation and its association with suicidal behaviors. Subst Use Misuse, 56:1332–1338.
  • Akın E (2018) Adsız alkoliklerin ayıklık sürecine ilişkin anlatılarının güçlendirme temelinde değerlendirilmesi (Yüksek lisans tezi). Ankara, Hacettepe Üniversitesi.
  • Aldemir E, Çelikay H, Atlam DH, Ögel K, Altıntoprak AE (2018) Üniversite öğrencilerinde alkol kullanımı ve alkol kullanımı ile ilişkili faktörler. Tepecik Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Dergisi, 28:47-56.
  • American Society of Addiction Medicine [ASAM] (2019) Definition of addiction. https://www.asam.org/quality-care/definition-of-addiction (Accessed 12.09.2019).
  • Anette A, Holstein BE, Pernille D (2007) School-related risk factors for drunkenness among adolescents: Risk factors differ between socio-economic groups. Eur J Public Health, 17:27-32.
  • Arıkan Z (2011) Alkol Kullanım Bozukluğu. In Madde Bağımlılığı Tanı ve Tedavi Kılavuzu El Kitabı: 105-124. Ankara, Sağlık Bakanlığı Yayınları.
  • Arkes J (2007) Does the economy affect teenage substance use? Health Econ, 16:19–36.
  • Aslan R, Aydoğdu M, Akgür SA (2022) Toxicological evaluation of alcohol and substance abuse in children and adolescents. J Ethn Subst Abuse, doi: 10.1080/15332640.2022.2089424.
  • Batra A, Müller CA, Mann K, Heinz A (2016) Alcohol dependence and harmful use of alcohol. Dtsch Arztebl Int, 113:301–310.
  • Brand M, Rumpf HJ, Demetrovics Z, Müller A, Stark R, King DL et al. (2020) Which conditions should be considered as disorders in the international classification of diseases (ICD-11) designation of “other specified disorders due to addictive behaviors”? J Behav Addict, 11:150-159.
  • Brown SA, McGue M, Maggs J, Schulenberg J, Hingson R, Swartzwelder S et al. (2008) A developmental perspective on alcohol and youths 16 to 20 years of age. Pediatrics, 121:290–310.
  • Bryant AN, Kim G (2013) The relation between acculturation and alcohol consumption patterns among older Asian and Hispanic immigrants. Aging Ment Health, 17:147–156.
  • Bucci R, Staff J, Maggs JL, Dorn LD (2021) Pubertal timing and adolescent alcohol use: The mediating role of parental and peer influence. Child Dev, 92:e1017–e1037.
  • Byrnes HF, Miller BA, Grube JW, Bourdeau B, Buller DB, Wang-Schweig M et al. (2019) Prevention of alcohol use in older teens: A randomized trial of an online family prevention program. Psychol Addict Behav, 33:1–14.
  • Cloninger CR, Sigvardsson S, Przybeck TR, Svrakic DM (1995) Personality antecedents of alcoholism in a national area probability sample. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci, 245: 239-244.
  • Çakıcı E, Keskindağ B, Karaaziz M, Çakıcı M (2017) KKTC'de ilkokul öğrencileri arasında psikoaktif maddelerin kullanım yaygınlıkları ve risk etkenleri. Anadolu Psikiyatri Derg, 18:273-282.
  • Çakıcı M, Dirisu GY, Babayiğit A, İskender C (2019) Prevalence and risk factors of use of psychoactive substances among primary school students in TRNC. Anadolu Psikiyatri Derg, 20:30-34.
  • Çakıcı M, Özsoy İ, Özsat K, Kızılgül Z, Karaaziz M, Çakıcı E (2019) Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti’nde ortaokul öğrencileri arasında psikoaktif madde kullanımının yaygınlığı, risk etkenleri: 1999-2019. Anadolu Psikiyatri Derg, 20:35-37.
  • Davison GC, Neale JM, Hindman D (1998) Abnormal Psychology, 7th ed. Hoboken, NJ, Wiley.
  • Dilbaz N, Enez Darçın A, Nurmedov S, Noyan O, Başabak AS, Mordağ O et al. (2013) Madde Kullanım Riski ve Madde Bağımlılığından Korunma. Ankara, Aile ve Sosyal Politikalar Bakanlığı.
  • Doksat N, Ciftci A, Zahmacioglu O, Tekden M, Ozbek F, Gunay G et al. (2016a) Trends and gender differences in alcohol and substance use among children and adolescents admitted to an addiction treatment center in Turkey: Comparison of 2014 with 2011. Anadolu Psikiyatri Derg, 17:325–331.
  • Dumas TM, Ellis W, Litt DM (2020) What does adolescent substance use look like during the COVID-19 pandemic? Examining changes in frequency, social contexts, and pandemic-related predictors. J Adolesc Health, 67:354–361.
  • Eker F, Akkuş D, Kapısız Ö (2013) Ergenler için madde bağımlılığından korunma öz-yeterlik ölçeğinin geliştirilmesi ve psikometrik değerlendirilmesi. Psikiyatri Hemşireliği Dergisi, 4:7-12.
  • Erdem H, Bildik T (2019) Kabul ve kararlılık terapisi ve bağımlılık. Türkiye Klinikleri Çocuk Psikiyatrisi-Özel Konular, 5:74-79.
  • Eryılmaz A, Deniz E (2019) Tüm Yönleriyle Bağımlılık. Ankara, Pegem Akademi.
  • ESPAD (2016) ESPAD Report- 2015: Results from the European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs (ESPAD). Luxembourg, Publications Office of the European Union.
  • Evren C, Ögel K, Demirci AC, Evren B, Yavuz BG, Bozkurt M (2014) Prevalence of lifetime tobacco, alcohol, and drug use among 10th grade students in Istanbul. Klin Psikofarmakol Bulteni, 24:201-210.
  • Forster M, Rogers CJ, Tinoco S, Benjamin S, Lust K, Grigsby TJ (2023) Adverse childhood experiences and alcohol related negative consequence among college student drinkers. Addict Behav, 136:107484
  • Garcia-Cerde R, Valente JY, Sanchez ZM (2023) Changes in alcohol beliefs mediate the effects of a school-based prevention program on alcohol use among Brazilian adolescents. J Addict Behav, 137:107522.
  • Garifullin R (2021) Understanding how semantic structures of individuals with drug addiction transform as a key to effective psychotherapy. Addict Disord Their Treat, 20:500-506.
  • Gilpin NW, Koob GF (2008) Neurobiology of alcohol dependence: Focus on motivational mechanisms. Alcohol Res Health, 31:185–195.
  • Gohari MR, Varatharajan T, MacKillop J, Leatherdale ST (2022) Examining the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on youth alcohol consumption: Longitudinal changes from pre-to intra-pandemic drinking in the COMPASS Study. J Adolesc Health, 71:665-672.
  • Gonçalves PD, Cunha PJ, Malbergier A, do Amaral RA, de Oliveira LG, Yang JJ et al. (2012) The association between low alcohol use and traffic risk behaviors among Brazilian college students. Alcohol, 46:673–679.
  • Gürsel M (2011) Eğitime İlişkin Çeşitlemeler (Vol. 26). Konya, Eğitim Yayınevi.
  • Gürsel M, Tor H, Murat A, Yeşil R, Altınok V, Aydın E (2004) Eğitime İlişkin Çeşitlemeler. Konya, Eğitim Kitapevi.
  • He RH, Tao R (2017) Psychotherapy. Adv Exp Med Biol, 1010:295–320.
  • Heinz AJ, Beck A, Meyer-Lindenberg A, Sterzer P, Heinz A (2011) Cognitive and neurobiological mechanisms of alcohol-related aggression. Nat Rev Neurosci, 12:400–413.
  • Homel J, Warren D (2019) The relationship between parent drinking and adolescent drinking: Differences for mothers and fathers and boys and girls. Subst Use Misuse, 54:661-669.
  • Jacob T, Johnson S (1997) Parenting influences on the development of alcohol abuse and dependence. Alcohol Res Health, 21:204-209.
  • Kang M, Kim JH, Cho WH, Park EC (2014) The gender-specific association between age at first drink and later alcohol drinking patterns in Korea. PLoS ONE, 9:e90713.
  • Karaaslan A (2017) Çocuk ve ergenlerde uçucu madde bağımlılığını etkileyen psikososyal sebepler: Olgu sunumu. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 4:1-11.
  • Karaaziz M, Keskindağ B (2016) Gençler arasındaki popüler psikoaktif madde; Sentetik kannabinoid (bonzai): Bir gözden geçirme. Klinik Psikiyatri Dergisi, 19:137-144.
  • Kaya Kılıç A, Aslantürk H (2019) Evsizlerin sosyo-demografik özellikleri ve sokak yaşam deneyimleri: Antalya örneği. J Soc Social Work, 30:417-437.
  • Kelly JF, Humphreys K, Ferri M (2020) Alcoholics Anonymous and other 12-step programs for alcohol use disorder. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, (3):CD012880.
  • Kılıçarslan F (2007) Madde bağımlısı ergenlerde aile terapileri ve bir olgu sunumu. Bağımlılık Dergisi, 8:42-45
  • Kogan SM, Bae D, Lei MK and Brody GH (2019) Family-centered alcohol use prevention for African American adolescents: A randomized clinical trial. J Consult Clin Psychol, 87:1085–1092.
  • Koning IM, van den Eijnden RJJM, Engels RCME, Verdurmen JEE and Vollebergh WAM (2010) Why target early adolescents and parents in alcohol prevention? The mediating effects of self-control, rules and attitudes about alcohol use. Addiction 106:538–546.
  • Konkolÿ Thege B, Petroll C, Rivas C, Scholtens S (2021) The effectiveness of family constellation therapy in improving mental health: A systematic review. Fam Process, 60:409-423.
  • Kültür ÇSE, Ünal MF, Özusta Ş (2006) Alkol bağımlılığı olan babaların çocuklarında psikopatoloji. Turk Psikiyatri Derg, 17:3-11.
  • Leal-López E, Moreno-Maldonado C, Inchley J, Deforche B, Van Havere T, Van Damme J et al. (2020). Association of alcohol control policies with adolescent alcohol consumption and with social inequality in adolescent alcohol consumption: A multilevel study in 33 countries and regions. Int J Drug Policy, 84:102854.
  • Ledoux S, Miller P, Choquet M, Plant M (2002) Family structure, parent-child relationships, and alcohol and other drug use among teenagers in France and the United Kingdom. Alcohol Alcohol, 37:52–60.
  • Litt DM, Stock ML (2011) Adolescent alcohol-related risk cognitions: the roles of social norms and social networking sites. Psychol Addict Behav, 25:708–713.
  • Luomanen J, Alasuutari P (2022) The rising social media and declining alcohol use: The case of Finnish teenagers. Contemp Drug Probl, 49:213–227.
  • Lynskey MT, Agrawal A, Heath AC (2010) Genetically informative research on adolescent substance use: methods, findings, and challenges. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 49:1202-1214.
  • Manthey J, Shield KD, Rylett M, Hasan O, Probst C, Rehm J (2019) Global alcohol exposure between 1990 and 2017 and forecasts until 2030: A modeling study. Lancet, 393:2493–2502.
  • Maula LK, Yuniastuti A (2017) Analysis of factors influencing alcohol abuse and addiction among adolescents in Pati district. Public Health Perspective Journal, 2:168-174.
  • Merikangas KR, McClair VL (2012) Epidemiology of substance use disorders. Hum Genet, 131:779-789.
  • Nigam K, Pandurangi A (2021) Do Hallucinogens have a role in the treatment of addictions? A Review of the current literature. SN Compr Clin Med, 3:1385-1395.
  • O'Brien C (2010) Addiction and dependence in DSM-V. Addiction, 106:866–867.
  • Oktuğ Zengin M (2013) Türkiye’de alkol reklamlarına ilişkin düzenlemelerin medya ortamındaki yansımaları. Electronic Journal of Social Sciences, 12:287-305.
  • Pagano ME, Wang AR, Rowles BM, Lee MT, Johnson BR (2015) Social anxiety and peer helping in adolescent addiction treatment. Alcohol Clin Exp Res, 39:887–895.
  • Radaev V, Roshchina Y (2021) Decline in alcohol consumption in Russia: Collectivity or polarisation? Drug Alcohol Rev, 40:481–488.
  • Raitasalo K, Holmila M, Jääskeläinen M, Santalahti P (2019) The effect of the severity of parental alcohol abuse on mental and behavioural disorders in children. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 28:913–922.
  • Saffer H (1991) Alcohol advertising bans and alcohol abuse: An international perspective. J Health Econ, 10:65-79.
  • Slade T, Newton NC, Mather M, Barrett EL, Champion KE, Stapinski L et al. (2020) The long‐term effectiveness of universal, selective and combined prevention for alcohol use during adolescence: 36‐month outcomes from a cluster randomized controlled trial. Addiction, 116:514-524.
  • Sofuoglu M, DeVito EE, Waters AJ, Carroll KM (2013) Cognitive enhancement as a treatment for drug addictions. Neuropharmacology, 64:452–463.
  • Swahn HM, Culbreth R, Cottrell-Daniels C, Tumwesigye N, Jernigan D, Kasirye R et al. (2022) Social norms regarding alcohol use, perceptions of alcohol advertisement and intent to drink alcohol among youth in Uganda. Int J Health Promot Educ, doi: 10.1080/14635240.2022.2047093.
  • Şaşman Kaylı D, Altıntoprak AE, Çelikay H, Babür Korkmaz Y, Kabakçı D (2016) Madde bağımlılığı nedeniyle denetimli serbestlik tedavisine yönlendirilen bireylerde madde kullanım örüntüsü ile göç arasındaki ilişki. Anadolu Psikiyatri Derg, 17:376-384.
  • Tambling RR, Russell B, D’Aniello C (2022) Where is the family in young adult substance use treatment? The case for systemic family therapy for young adults with substance use disorders. Int J Ment Health Addict, 20:1659-1670.
  • Testa A, Weiss DB, Rennó Santos M (2019) A cross-national analysis of alcohol consumption and suicide rates: Variations by population-level drinking patterns. J Drug Issues, 49:625-642.
  • TUBİM (2012) 2012 Yılı Türkiye Raporu. Türkiye, Yeni Gelişmeler; Trendler, Seçilmiş Konular. Ankara, Türkiye Uyuşturucu ve Uyuşturucu Bağımlılığı İzleme Merkezi
  • TUBİM (2018) National Drug Report. Ankara, Department of Anti-Smuggling and Organized Crime Publications.
  • UNDOC (2019) World Drug Report, 2019. Vienna, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.
  • Valencia M, Tran BT, Lim MK, Choi KS, Oh JK (2019) Association between socioeconomic status and early ınitiation of smoking, alcohol drinking, and sexual behavior among Korean adolescents. Asia Pac J Public Health, 31:443–453.
  • Verhulst B, Neale M, Kendler K (2015) The heritability of alcohol use disorders: A meta-analysis of twin and adoption studies. Psychol Med, 45:1061-1072.
  • Wang SC, Chen YC, Chen SJ, Lee CH, Cheng CM (2020) Alcohol addiction, gut microbiota, and alcoholism treatment: A review. Int J Mol Sci, 21:6413.
  • Watson B, Lingford-Hughes A (2007) Pharmacological treatment of addiction. Psychiatry, 6:309-312.
  • WHO (2022) International Classification of Diseases 11th revision (ICD-11). Geneva, World Health Organisation.
  • Yalom ID, Leszcz M (2008) Theory and Practice of Group Psychotherapy (5th ed.). New York, NY, Basic Books.
  • Yedekçi B (2017) Görsel medyanın alkol ve sigara kullanımı üzerine etkisinin incelenmesi. (Yüksek lisans tezi). İzmir, Ege Üniversitesi.
  • Yıldız A (2021) Dünyada ve Türkiye’de Adsız Alkolikler. Bağımlılık Dergisi, 22:187-207.
  • Yoldaş C, Demircioğlu H (2020) Madde kullanımı ve bağımlılığını önlemeye yönelik psikoeğitim programlarının incelenmesi. Bağımlılık Dergisi, 21:72-91.
  • Yücel FN, Doğan K, Pamir RN, Erkuş S, Keşir Ü, Zengin O (2020) Alkol bağımlısı bireylerde benlik saygısı, algılanan sosyal destek ve baş etme stratejileri: Adsız Alkolikler örneği. Tıbbi Sosyal Hizmet Dergisi, 15:50-64.
  • Yüncü Z, Saatçioğlu H, Aydın C, Özbaran B, Altıntoprak E, Köse S (2014) Bir şehir efsanesi: Madde kullanmaya başlama yaşı düşüyor mu? Literatür Sempozyum, 1:43-50.
  • Zou Z, Wang H, d'Oleire Uquillas F, Wang X, Ding J, Chen H (2017) Definition of substance and non-substance addiction. Adv Exp Med Biol, 1010:21–41.

Çocuk ve Ergenlerde Alkol Bağımlılığı

Yıl 2024, , 239 - 250, 30.06.2024
https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.1271849

Öz

Bağımlılık, sağlıklarını olumsuz yönde etkilemesine, sosyal yaşamlarına zarar vermesine rağmen, insanların belirli bir takıntılı durumu yinelemeye yönelik engellenemeyen bir istek duymaları ve bunu sürdürmeye devam etmeleridir. Günümüzde, çocuk ve gençlerde de en az yetişkinler kadar madde bağımlılığı sorunları ciddi şekilde ön plana çıkmaktadır. Alkol ergen beyninde kalıcı ve ciddi gelişimsel bozukluklara yol açabilmektedir. Bu hasarların başında, akıl sağlığını yitirmek, psikoz, şizofreni gibi ağır psikiyatrik hastalıklar deneyimlemelerine oldukça ciddi bir risk oluşturmaktadır. Özellikle çocukluk ve ergenlik dönemi gibi önemli bir süreçte erken alkol kullanılmaya başlanmasının biyopsikososyal (biyolojik, ruhsal ve sosyal) alanda olumsuz ve ciddi hasarlara yol açan toplumsal bir sorun olduğu görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada, çocuk ve ergenlerin alkol bağımlılıkları, risk faktörleri, yaşayabilecekleri sorunlar, tedavi yaklaşımları ve aileler ile sağlık çalışanlarına bu konuya yaklaşım önerileri getirmek amaçlanmaktadır.

Teşekkür

''A Review on Alcohol Addiction in Children and Adolescents'' başlıklı derleme makalesine katkılarından dolayı Psikolog Özgecan Menekşe'ye teşekkür ederiz.

Kaynakça

  • ACHA (2019) American College Health Association-National College Health Assessment II: Reference Group Executive Summary Spring 2019. Silver Spring, MD, American College Health Association.
  • Adsız Alkolikler Türkiye (2021) AA Türkiye. http://www.adsizalkolikler.com/index.php/home/aa-turkiye/ (Accessed 17.09.2022)
  • Ahuja M, Awasthi M, Records K, Lamichhane RR (2021) Early age of alcohol ınitiation and its association with suicidal behaviors. Subst Use Misuse, 56:1332–1338.
  • Akın E (2018) Adsız alkoliklerin ayıklık sürecine ilişkin anlatılarının güçlendirme temelinde değerlendirilmesi (Yüksek lisans tezi). Ankara, Hacettepe Üniversitesi.
  • Aldemir E, Çelikay H, Atlam DH, Ögel K, Altıntoprak AE (2018) Üniversite öğrencilerinde alkol kullanımı ve alkol kullanımı ile ilişkili faktörler. Tepecik Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Dergisi, 28:47-56.
  • American Society of Addiction Medicine [ASAM] (2019) Definition of addiction. https://www.asam.org/quality-care/definition-of-addiction (Accessed 12.09.2019).
  • Anette A, Holstein BE, Pernille D (2007) School-related risk factors for drunkenness among adolescents: Risk factors differ between socio-economic groups. Eur J Public Health, 17:27-32.
  • Arıkan Z (2011) Alkol Kullanım Bozukluğu. In Madde Bağımlılığı Tanı ve Tedavi Kılavuzu El Kitabı: 105-124. Ankara, Sağlık Bakanlığı Yayınları.
  • Arkes J (2007) Does the economy affect teenage substance use? Health Econ, 16:19–36.
  • Aslan R, Aydoğdu M, Akgür SA (2022) Toxicological evaluation of alcohol and substance abuse in children and adolescents. J Ethn Subst Abuse, doi: 10.1080/15332640.2022.2089424.
  • Batra A, Müller CA, Mann K, Heinz A (2016) Alcohol dependence and harmful use of alcohol. Dtsch Arztebl Int, 113:301–310.
  • Brand M, Rumpf HJ, Demetrovics Z, Müller A, Stark R, King DL et al. (2020) Which conditions should be considered as disorders in the international classification of diseases (ICD-11) designation of “other specified disorders due to addictive behaviors”? J Behav Addict, 11:150-159.
  • Brown SA, McGue M, Maggs J, Schulenberg J, Hingson R, Swartzwelder S et al. (2008) A developmental perspective on alcohol and youths 16 to 20 years of age. Pediatrics, 121:290–310.
  • Bryant AN, Kim G (2013) The relation between acculturation and alcohol consumption patterns among older Asian and Hispanic immigrants. Aging Ment Health, 17:147–156.
  • Bucci R, Staff J, Maggs JL, Dorn LD (2021) Pubertal timing and adolescent alcohol use: The mediating role of parental and peer influence. Child Dev, 92:e1017–e1037.
  • Byrnes HF, Miller BA, Grube JW, Bourdeau B, Buller DB, Wang-Schweig M et al. (2019) Prevention of alcohol use in older teens: A randomized trial of an online family prevention program. Psychol Addict Behav, 33:1–14.
  • Cloninger CR, Sigvardsson S, Przybeck TR, Svrakic DM (1995) Personality antecedents of alcoholism in a national area probability sample. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci, 245: 239-244.
  • Çakıcı E, Keskindağ B, Karaaziz M, Çakıcı M (2017) KKTC'de ilkokul öğrencileri arasında psikoaktif maddelerin kullanım yaygınlıkları ve risk etkenleri. Anadolu Psikiyatri Derg, 18:273-282.
  • Çakıcı M, Dirisu GY, Babayiğit A, İskender C (2019) Prevalence and risk factors of use of psychoactive substances among primary school students in TRNC. Anadolu Psikiyatri Derg, 20:30-34.
  • Çakıcı M, Özsoy İ, Özsat K, Kızılgül Z, Karaaziz M, Çakıcı E (2019) Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti’nde ortaokul öğrencileri arasında psikoaktif madde kullanımının yaygınlığı, risk etkenleri: 1999-2019. Anadolu Psikiyatri Derg, 20:35-37.
  • Davison GC, Neale JM, Hindman D (1998) Abnormal Psychology, 7th ed. Hoboken, NJ, Wiley.
  • Dilbaz N, Enez Darçın A, Nurmedov S, Noyan O, Başabak AS, Mordağ O et al. (2013) Madde Kullanım Riski ve Madde Bağımlılığından Korunma. Ankara, Aile ve Sosyal Politikalar Bakanlığı.
  • Doksat N, Ciftci A, Zahmacioglu O, Tekden M, Ozbek F, Gunay G et al. (2016a) Trends and gender differences in alcohol and substance use among children and adolescents admitted to an addiction treatment center in Turkey: Comparison of 2014 with 2011. Anadolu Psikiyatri Derg, 17:325–331.
  • Dumas TM, Ellis W, Litt DM (2020) What does adolescent substance use look like during the COVID-19 pandemic? Examining changes in frequency, social contexts, and pandemic-related predictors. J Adolesc Health, 67:354–361.
  • Eker F, Akkuş D, Kapısız Ö (2013) Ergenler için madde bağımlılığından korunma öz-yeterlik ölçeğinin geliştirilmesi ve psikometrik değerlendirilmesi. Psikiyatri Hemşireliği Dergisi, 4:7-12.
  • Erdem H, Bildik T (2019) Kabul ve kararlılık terapisi ve bağımlılık. Türkiye Klinikleri Çocuk Psikiyatrisi-Özel Konular, 5:74-79.
  • Eryılmaz A, Deniz E (2019) Tüm Yönleriyle Bağımlılık. Ankara, Pegem Akademi.
  • ESPAD (2016) ESPAD Report- 2015: Results from the European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs (ESPAD). Luxembourg, Publications Office of the European Union.
  • Evren C, Ögel K, Demirci AC, Evren B, Yavuz BG, Bozkurt M (2014) Prevalence of lifetime tobacco, alcohol, and drug use among 10th grade students in Istanbul. Klin Psikofarmakol Bulteni, 24:201-210.
  • Forster M, Rogers CJ, Tinoco S, Benjamin S, Lust K, Grigsby TJ (2023) Adverse childhood experiences and alcohol related negative consequence among college student drinkers. Addict Behav, 136:107484
  • Garcia-Cerde R, Valente JY, Sanchez ZM (2023) Changes in alcohol beliefs mediate the effects of a school-based prevention program on alcohol use among Brazilian adolescents. J Addict Behav, 137:107522.
  • Garifullin R (2021) Understanding how semantic structures of individuals with drug addiction transform as a key to effective psychotherapy. Addict Disord Their Treat, 20:500-506.
  • Gilpin NW, Koob GF (2008) Neurobiology of alcohol dependence: Focus on motivational mechanisms. Alcohol Res Health, 31:185–195.
  • Gohari MR, Varatharajan T, MacKillop J, Leatherdale ST (2022) Examining the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on youth alcohol consumption: Longitudinal changes from pre-to intra-pandemic drinking in the COMPASS Study. J Adolesc Health, 71:665-672.
  • Gonçalves PD, Cunha PJ, Malbergier A, do Amaral RA, de Oliveira LG, Yang JJ et al. (2012) The association between low alcohol use and traffic risk behaviors among Brazilian college students. Alcohol, 46:673–679.
  • Gürsel M (2011) Eğitime İlişkin Çeşitlemeler (Vol. 26). Konya, Eğitim Yayınevi.
  • Gürsel M, Tor H, Murat A, Yeşil R, Altınok V, Aydın E (2004) Eğitime İlişkin Çeşitlemeler. Konya, Eğitim Kitapevi.
  • He RH, Tao R (2017) Psychotherapy. Adv Exp Med Biol, 1010:295–320.
  • Heinz AJ, Beck A, Meyer-Lindenberg A, Sterzer P, Heinz A (2011) Cognitive and neurobiological mechanisms of alcohol-related aggression. Nat Rev Neurosci, 12:400–413.
  • Homel J, Warren D (2019) The relationship between parent drinking and adolescent drinking: Differences for mothers and fathers and boys and girls. Subst Use Misuse, 54:661-669.
  • Jacob T, Johnson S (1997) Parenting influences on the development of alcohol abuse and dependence. Alcohol Res Health, 21:204-209.
  • Kang M, Kim JH, Cho WH, Park EC (2014) The gender-specific association between age at first drink and later alcohol drinking patterns in Korea. PLoS ONE, 9:e90713.
  • Karaaslan A (2017) Çocuk ve ergenlerde uçucu madde bağımlılığını etkileyen psikososyal sebepler: Olgu sunumu. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 4:1-11.
  • Karaaziz M, Keskindağ B (2016) Gençler arasındaki popüler psikoaktif madde; Sentetik kannabinoid (bonzai): Bir gözden geçirme. Klinik Psikiyatri Dergisi, 19:137-144.
  • Kaya Kılıç A, Aslantürk H (2019) Evsizlerin sosyo-demografik özellikleri ve sokak yaşam deneyimleri: Antalya örneği. J Soc Social Work, 30:417-437.
  • Kelly JF, Humphreys K, Ferri M (2020) Alcoholics Anonymous and other 12-step programs for alcohol use disorder. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, (3):CD012880.
  • Kılıçarslan F (2007) Madde bağımlısı ergenlerde aile terapileri ve bir olgu sunumu. Bağımlılık Dergisi, 8:42-45
  • Kogan SM, Bae D, Lei MK and Brody GH (2019) Family-centered alcohol use prevention for African American adolescents: A randomized clinical trial. J Consult Clin Psychol, 87:1085–1092.
  • Koning IM, van den Eijnden RJJM, Engels RCME, Verdurmen JEE and Vollebergh WAM (2010) Why target early adolescents and parents in alcohol prevention? The mediating effects of self-control, rules and attitudes about alcohol use. Addiction 106:538–546.
  • Konkolÿ Thege B, Petroll C, Rivas C, Scholtens S (2021) The effectiveness of family constellation therapy in improving mental health: A systematic review. Fam Process, 60:409-423.
  • Kültür ÇSE, Ünal MF, Özusta Ş (2006) Alkol bağımlılığı olan babaların çocuklarında psikopatoloji. Turk Psikiyatri Derg, 17:3-11.
  • Leal-López E, Moreno-Maldonado C, Inchley J, Deforche B, Van Havere T, Van Damme J et al. (2020). Association of alcohol control policies with adolescent alcohol consumption and with social inequality in adolescent alcohol consumption: A multilevel study in 33 countries and regions. Int J Drug Policy, 84:102854.
  • Ledoux S, Miller P, Choquet M, Plant M (2002) Family structure, parent-child relationships, and alcohol and other drug use among teenagers in France and the United Kingdom. Alcohol Alcohol, 37:52–60.
  • Litt DM, Stock ML (2011) Adolescent alcohol-related risk cognitions: the roles of social norms and social networking sites. Psychol Addict Behav, 25:708–713.
  • Luomanen J, Alasuutari P (2022) The rising social media and declining alcohol use: The case of Finnish teenagers. Contemp Drug Probl, 49:213–227.
  • Lynskey MT, Agrawal A, Heath AC (2010) Genetically informative research on adolescent substance use: methods, findings, and challenges. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 49:1202-1214.
  • Manthey J, Shield KD, Rylett M, Hasan O, Probst C, Rehm J (2019) Global alcohol exposure between 1990 and 2017 and forecasts until 2030: A modeling study. Lancet, 393:2493–2502.
  • Maula LK, Yuniastuti A (2017) Analysis of factors influencing alcohol abuse and addiction among adolescents in Pati district. Public Health Perspective Journal, 2:168-174.
  • Merikangas KR, McClair VL (2012) Epidemiology of substance use disorders. Hum Genet, 131:779-789.
  • Nigam K, Pandurangi A (2021) Do Hallucinogens have a role in the treatment of addictions? A Review of the current literature. SN Compr Clin Med, 3:1385-1395.
  • O'Brien C (2010) Addiction and dependence in DSM-V. Addiction, 106:866–867.
  • Oktuğ Zengin M (2013) Türkiye’de alkol reklamlarına ilişkin düzenlemelerin medya ortamındaki yansımaları. Electronic Journal of Social Sciences, 12:287-305.
  • Pagano ME, Wang AR, Rowles BM, Lee MT, Johnson BR (2015) Social anxiety and peer helping in adolescent addiction treatment. Alcohol Clin Exp Res, 39:887–895.
  • Radaev V, Roshchina Y (2021) Decline in alcohol consumption in Russia: Collectivity or polarisation? Drug Alcohol Rev, 40:481–488.
  • Raitasalo K, Holmila M, Jääskeläinen M, Santalahti P (2019) The effect of the severity of parental alcohol abuse on mental and behavioural disorders in children. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 28:913–922.
  • Saffer H (1991) Alcohol advertising bans and alcohol abuse: An international perspective. J Health Econ, 10:65-79.
  • Slade T, Newton NC, Mather M, Barrett EL, Champion KE, Stapinski L et al. (2020) The long‐term effectiveness of universal, selective and combined prevention for alcohol use during adolescence: 36‐month outcomes from a cluster randomized controlled trial. Addiction, 116:514-524.
  • Sofuoglu M, DeVito EE, Waters AJ, Carroll KM (2013) Cognitive enhancement as a treatment for drug addictions. Neuropharmacology, 64:452–463.
  • Swahn HM, Culbreth R, Cottrell-Daniels C, Tumwesigye N, Jernigan D, Kasirye R et al. (2022) Social norms regarding alcohol use, perceptions of alcohol advertisement and intent to drink alcohol among youth in Uganda. Int J Health Promot Educ, doi: 10.1080/14635240.2022.2047093.
  • Şaşman Kaylı D, Altıntoprak AE, Çelikay H, Babür Korkmaz Y, Kabakçı D (2016) Madde bağımlılığı nedeniyle denetimli serbestlik tedavisine yönlendirilen bireylerde madde kullanım örüntüsü ile göç arasındaki ilişki. Anadolu Psikiyatri Derg, 17:376-384.
  • Tambling RR, Russell B, D’Aniello C (2022) Where is the family in young adult substance use treatment? The case for systemic family therapy for young adults with substance use disorders. Int J Ment Health Addict, 20:1659-1670.
  • Testa A, Weiss DB, Rennó Santos M (2019) A cross-national analysis of alcohol consumption and suicide rates: Variations by population-level drinking patterns. J Drug Issues, 49:625-642.
  • TUBİM (2012) 2012 Yılı Türkiye Raporu. Türkiye, Yeni Gelişmeler; Trendler, Seçilmiş Konular. Ankara, Türkiye Uyuşturucu ve Uyuşturucu Bağımlılığı İzleme Merkezi
  • TUBİM (2018) National Drug Report. Ankara, Department of Anti-Smuggling and Organized Crime Publications.
  • UNDOC (2019) World Drug Report, 2019. Vienna, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.
  • Valencia M, Tran BT, Lim MK, Choi KS, Oh JK (2019) Association between socioeconomic status and early ınitiation of smoking, alcohol drinking, and sexual behavior among Korean adolescents. Asia Pac J Public Health, 31:443–453.
  • Verhulst B, Neale M, Kendler K (2015) The heritability of alcohol use disorders: A meta-analysis of twin and adoption studies. Psychol Med, 45:1061-1072.
  • Wang SC, Chen YC, Chen SJ, Lee CH, Cheng CM (2020) Alcohol addiction, gut microbiota, and alcoholism treatment: A review. Int J Mol Sci, 21:6413.
  • Watson B, Lingford-Hughes A (2007) Pharmacological treatment of addiction. Psychiatry, 6:309-312.
  • WHO (2022) International Classification of Diseases 11th revision (ICD-11). Geneva, World Health Organisation.
  • Yalom ID, Leszcz M (2008) Theory and Practice of Group Psychotherapy (5th ed.). New York, NY, Basic Books.
  • Yedekçi B (2017) Görsel medyanın alkol ve sigara kullanımı üzerine etkisinin incelenmesi. (Yüksek lisans tezi). İzmir, Ege Üniversitesi.
  • Yıldız A (2021) Dünyada ve Türkiye’de Adsız Alkolikler. Bağımlılık Dergisi, 22:187-207.
  • Yoldaş C, Demircioğlu H (2020) Madde kullanımı ve bağımlılığını önlemeye yönelik psikoeğitim programlarının incelenmesi. Bağımlılık Dergisi, 21:72-91.
  • Yücel FN, Doğan K, Pamir RN, Erkuş S, Keşir Ü, Zengin O (2020) Alkol bağımlısı bireylerde benlik saygısı, algılanan sosyal destek ve baş etme stratejileri: Adsız Alkolikler örneği. Tıbbi Sosyal Hizmet Dergisi, 15:50-64.
  • Yüncü Z, Saatçioğlu H, Aydın C, Özbaran B, Altıntoprak E, Köse S (2014) Bir şehir efsanesi: Madde kullanmaya başlama yaşı düşüyor mu? Literatür Sempozyum, 1:43-50.
  • Zou Z, Wang H, d'Oleire Uquillas F, Wang X, Ding J, Chen H (2017) Definition of substance and non-substance addiction. Adv Exp Med Biol, 1010:21–41.
Toplam 87 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Madde Bağımlılığı
Bölüm Derleme
Yazarlar

Meryem Karaaziz 0000-0002-0085-612X

Hande Söyler 0000-0001-6735-1321

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 4 Aralık 2023
Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2024
Kabul Tarihi 8 Ağustos 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024

Kaynak Göster

AMA Karaaziz M, Söyler H. Alcohol Addiction in Children and Adolescents. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar. Haziran 2024;16(2):239-250. doi:10.18863/pgy.1271849

Creative Commons Lisansı
Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar Creative Commons Atıf-Gayriticari-Türetilemez 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı ile lisanslanmıştır.