Siber Zorbalık: Tanımı, Yaygınlığı, Etkileri, Risk ve Koruyucu Faktörleri

Öz

Siber zorbalık, bilgisayar, cep telefonu veya diğer elektronik cihazlar kullanılarak gerçekleştirilen kasıtlı, tekrarlayıcı ve zarar verici davranışlar olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Son yıllarda, İnternet kullanımındaki artışa paralel olarak siber zorbalık oranlarında artış meydana gelmiştir. Özellikle ergenler arasında siber zorbalık yapma ve siber zorbalığa maruz kalma yaygınlığı oldukça yüksektir. Siber zorbalık yapan veya siber zorbalığa maruz kalan ergenler ciddi ruhsal problemlerle karşı karşıya kalmaktadır. Bu sebeple, ergenlerin bu olumsuz etkilere maruz kalmasını önlemeye yönelik çalışmalar gerçekleştirilmesi gerekmektedir. Siber zorbalıkla ilişkili risk faktörlerinin ve koruyucu faktörlerin belirlenmesi, siber zorbalığı önlemeye yönelik çalışmalara yol göstermesi açısından oldukça önemlidir. Bu derleme çalışmasında, siber zorbalığa etki eden risk faktörlerine ve koruyucu faktörlere ilişkin kapsamlı bir bakış açısı sunulması ve siber zorbalığın tanımı, tarihsel gelişimi, yaygınlığı ve sonuçları hakkında bilgi aktarılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu çalışmada, öncelikle siber zorbalığın tanımı yapılmakta, ardından sırasıyla, tarihçesi, yaygınlığı ve risk faktörleri ile koruyucu faktörler detaylı olarak ele alınmaktadır. Siber zorbalığa ilişkin faktörleri kapsamlı olarak ele alan bu çalışmanın ilgili alan yazına katkı sağlaması ve bu alanda çalışan uzmanlara yol göstermesi beklenmektedir

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Siber zorbalık
• yaygınlık
• risk faktörleri
• koruyucu faktörler
• ergenlik

Cyberbullying: Definition, Prevalence, Effects, Risk and Protective Factors

Abstract

Cyberbullying is defined as intentional, repetitive, and harmful behaviors carried out using computers, cell phones, or other electronic devices. In recent years, there has been an increase in the rates of cyberbullying parallel to the rise in Internet usage. Particularly among adolescents, the prevalence of cyberbullying and cyber victimization are quite high. Adolescents who cyberbully or cyber victim face serious mental health problems. In this reason, efforts should be made to prevent adolescents from being exposed to these negative effects. It is crucial to identify the risk factors and protective factors related to cyberbullying, as they can guide preventive interventions. The review aims to provide a comprehensive perspective on the risk factors and protective factors influencing cyberbullying. Furthermore, information was provided regarding the definition, historical trend, prevalence, and consequences of cyberbullying. In this review, firstly, the definition of cyberbullying is provided, followed by a detailed discussion of its history, prevalence, risk factors, and protective factors. It is expected that the study, which comprehensively explains the factors related to cyberbullying, will contribute to the literature on cyberbullying and provide guidance to professionals working in this field."

Keywords

• Cyberbullying
• prevalence
• risk factors
• protective factors
• adolescence

Kaynakça

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