Psikiyatrik Bozukluklarda Otonom Disfonksiyon

Öz

Otonom sinir sistemi ve disfonksiyonu birçok hastalıkla ilişkilidir. Sağlıklı bir birey için sempatik ve parasempatik sistemin dengede olması ve kapasitesinin yüksek olması gerekir. Psikiyatrik hastalıklarda vagus sinirinin aktivitesinde bozulmalar vardır. Bu bozulmalar otonom disfonksiyona sebep olabilir. Panik bozukluğu, depresyon, bipolar bozukluk, şizofreni, travma sonrası stres bozukluğu, anksiyete bozuklukları ve madde bağımlılığı dahil olmak üzere psikiyatrik bozuklukları olan kişilerde kalp atış hızı değişkenliğinde azalmalar görülmektedir. Kalp atış hızı değişkenliği otonom fonksiyonların belirlenmesinde güvenilir bir belirteçtir ve kalp atış hızındaki azalmalar psikiyatrik bozuklukları olan hastalarda ani kardiyak ölüm riskine neden olmaktadır. Psikiyatrik hastalıklarda otonom disfonksiyon görülmektedir. Otonom disfonksiyon hastalığın başlangıcında değil hastalık sürecinde gerçekleşmektedir. Otonom disfonksiyon hastalık progresyonunu hızlandırmaktadır. Bu yüzden otonom fonksiyonlar kontrol edilmelidir. Böylece hastalık semptomları bu sayede azalabilir ve otonom disfonksiyonun neden olduğu morbidite ve mortalite azaltılabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• otonom disfonksiyon
• kalp hızı değişkenliği
• psikiyatrik bozukluklar

Autonomic Dysfunction in Psychiatric Disorders

Abstract

The autonomic nervous system and its dysfunction are associated with many diseases. For a healthy individual, it is essential that the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems are balanced and functioning at a high capacity. Psychiatric disorders often exhibit disruptions in the activity of the vagus nerve, which can lead to autonomic dysfunction. People with psychiatric disorders, including panic disorder, depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety disorders, and substance addiction, often show reduced heart rate variability. Heart rate variability is a reliable marker for assessing autonomic functions, and decreased heart rate variability in individuals with psychiatric disorders can lead to an increased risk of sudden cardiac death. Autonomic dysfunction is observed in psychiatric disorders, and it occurs during the course of the illness, not necessarily at its onset. Autonomic dysfunction accelerates the progression of the disease. Therefore, controlling autonomic functions is crucial. This can help reduce disease symptoms and decrease the morbidity and mortality caused by autonomic dysfunction."

Keywords

• psychiatric disorders
• autonomic dysfunction
• heart rate variability

Kaynakça

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