Chronobiology and Mood Disorders

Abstract

Living organizms show cyclic rhythmicity in a variety of physiological, hormonal, behavioral, and psychological processes. Sleep-wake cycles, body temperature, hormone levels, mood and cognition display a circadian rhythm in humans. Delays, advances or desynchronizations of circadian rhythm are known to be strongly associated with mental illness especially mood disorders such as bipolar disorder, major depression and seasonal affective disorder. Furthermore, some of the mood stabilizers, sleep deprivation and light treatment are employed to treat mood disorders by shifting circadian rhythm. This paper reviews the relationship between mood disorders and circadian rhythm, and describes treatment options by altering circadian rhythm.

Keywords

• chronobiology, biological rhythm, mood disorders, sleep

Kronobiyoloji ve Duygudurum Bozuklukları

Öz

Canlı organizmalarda biyolojik, fizyolojik, hormonal, davranışsal ve psikolojik yönü olan pek çok olay belirli bir ritme uygun şekilde oluşur. İnsanlarda uyku-uyanıklık döngüsü, vücut sıcaklığı, hormon düzeyleri, duygulanım ve bazı bilişsel işlevler sirkadyen ritim adı verilen günlük bir ritme sahiptirler. Sirkadyen ritimde meydana gelen ilerleme, gecikme veya bozulmaların psikiyatrik hastalıklarla ve özellikle de bipolar depresyon, major depresyon ve mevsimsel affektif bozukluklar gibi duygudurum bozuklukları ile güçlü bir bağlantısı vardır. Bazı duygudurum düzenleyicileri ile uyku yoksunluğu ve ışık tedavisi gibi uygulamalar etkilerini sirkadyen sistemde değişiklik yaparak göstermektedirler. Bu derlemede duygudurum bozuklukları ve sirkadyen ritim ilişkisi gözden geçirilerek sirkadyen ritim değişikliği yoluyla yapılan tedavi seçenekleri tanımlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• kronobiyoloji, biyolojik ritim, duygudurum bozukluğu, uyku

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