Childhood-Onset Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

Abstract

Childhood-onset obsessive-compulsive disorder affects 1%-2% of children and adolescents. While symptoms reported by children and behavioral therapies and pharmacological interventions administered to children are similar to those seen among individuals who develop obsessive compulsive disorder in adulthood, there are several differences with regards to sex ratios, comorbidity patterns, neuroimaging findings. Family and twin studies support the role of genetics in some forms of obsessive compulsive disorder. Prefrontal cortex, cingulate cortex, thalamus, nucleus caudatus, putamen and globus pallidus are the main brain areas affected in children with obsessive compulsive disorder. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) are the treatment of choice for pharmacotherapy of obsessive compulsive disorder and exposure and response prevention are the most commonly applied behavioral therapy methods in obsessive compulsive disorder. Despite advances in the treatment of the disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder is still considered as a debilitating chronic disorder.

Keywords

• obsession, compulsion, obsessive compulsive disorder, childhood-onset, anxiety disorder

Çocukluk Çağı Başlangıçlı Obsesif Kompulsif Bozukluk

Öz

Çocukluk çağı başlangıçlı obsesif kompulsif bozukluk, çocuk ve ergenlerin %1-2 kadarını etkiler. Obsesif kompulsif bozukluk tanılı çocukların bildirdikleri yakınmalar ve tedavide kullanılan davranışsal terapiler ve ilaç tedavileri erişkin başlangıçlı olguları ile benzerlik göstermektedir. Bununla birlikte cinsiyet oranları, eştanı örüntüleri ve nörogörüntüleme çalışmalarının sonuçları, iki grup arasında farklılıkların da bulunduğuna işaret etmektedir. Aile ve ikiz çalışmaları, obsesif kompulsif bozukluğun bazı formlarında genetik faktörlerin rolü olduğunu desteklemektedir. Nörogörüntüleme çalışmalarında prefrontal korteks, singulat korteks, talamus, kaudat nükleus, putamen ve globus pallidus ön plana çıkmaktadır. Obsesif kompulsif bozukluğun farmakolojik tedavisinde ilk seçenek olarak seçici serotonin geri alım inhibitörleri tercih edilmektedir. Davranışçı tedavide ise en sık maruz bırakma ve tepkiyi önleme teknikleri uygulanmaktadır. Obsesif kompulsif bozukluk tedaviye yanıt verse de genellikle kronik seyirli bir bozukluk olduğu kabul edilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• obsesyon, kompulsiyon, obsesif kompulsif bozukluk, çocukluk

Kaynakça

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