Teknoloji Destekli Çocuk İstismarını ve İhmalini Önleme Programları: Sistematik Derleme

Öz

Çocuk istismarı ve ihmali yaygın bir toplumsal problemdir. Bu problemin yaygınlığı çocukların bugününü ve yarınını tehdit altında bırakmaktadır. Çocuk istismarı ve ihmali sorununa çözüm olması adına alanyazında çeşitli önleme programları önerilmekle birlikte, son zamanlarda teknolojik uygulamaların istismara ve ihmale yönelik önleme ve müdahale çalışmalarında giderek daha fazla kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışma, çocuk istismar ve ihmalinin önlenmesine yönelik teknolojik destekli programlara ilişkin mevcut literatürü gözden geçirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Uygun çalışmaları belirlemek için Sistematik İncelemeler ve Meta-Analizler için Tercih Edilen Raporlama Öğeleri (PRISMA) kılavuzu kullanılmıştır. İncelemeye ön test-son test kontrollü olan kanıta dayalı 22 çalışma dahil edilmiştir. İncelenen programlar, ebeveynler, çocuklar ve çeşitli profesyonelleri uygun ebeveynlik becerileri ve çocuk istismarı ve ihmali konusunda eğitmek üzere yapılandırılmıştır. İncelenen çalışmalarda en fazla web/internet tabanlı uygulamalar kullanılmış ve daha çok ebeveynler üzerinde etkililiği değerlendirme çalışmaları yürütülmüştür. Bir çalışma dışında, programlar, istismar ve ihmale yönelik müdahaleler sonrası etkili bulunmuş ve ebeveynler, çocuklar ve diğer profesyonellerde bilişsel ve davranışsal gelişmeler kaydedilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, teknoloji destekli önleme programlarının çocuk istismarı ve ihmaline yönelik kabul gören uygulamalar olduğu söylenebilir. Bununla birlikte bugüne kadar bu tür çalışmaların önleyici uygulamalarda ve stratejilerde kullanımını destekleyen az sayıda veri bulunmaktadır. Teknolojik uygulamaların çocuk ve ergenler arasında istismarı önlemedeki etkinliklerini test etmek için daha fazla çalışmaya ihtiyaç bulunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Çocuk istismarı
• çocuk ihmali
• önleme
• teknoloji
• uygulama

Technology-Based Child Abuse and Neglect Prevention Programs: A Systematic Review

Öz

Child abuse and neglect is a widespread social problem. The prevalence of this problem threatens the present and future of children. Although various prevention programs have been proposed in the literature as a solution to the problem of child abuse and neglect, recently, technological applications have been increasingly used in prevention and intervention studies for abuse and neglect. This study aims to review the current literature on technologically assisted programs for preventing child abuse and neglect. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline was used to identify eligible studies. 22 evidence-based studies with pretest-posttest control were included in the review. The reviewed programs were structured to educate parents, children, and various professionals on appropriate parenting skills and child abuse and neglect. In the studies reviewed, web/internet-based applications were mostly used and effectiveness evaluation studies were mainly conducted on parents. With the exception of one study, the programs were found to be effective following interventions for abuse and neglect, and cognitive and behavioral improvements were noted in parents, children, and other professionals. As a result, it can be said that technology-based prevention programs are accepted practices for child abuse and neglect. To date, however, there is little data to support the use of such studies in preventive practices and strategies. More studies are needed to test the effectiveness of technological applications in preventing abuse among children and adolescents.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Child abuse
• child neglect
• prevention
• technology
• application

Kaynakça

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