Derleme
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Kültürleşme ve Etnik Kimliğin Göçmen Ergen Ruh Sağlığına Etkileri

Yıl 2024, , 628 - 643, 25.12.2024
https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.1408544

Öz

Günümüz dünyasında çocuk ve ergenler başta olmak üzere tüm insanlığı etkileyen temel sorunlardan biri göç olgusudur. Göçe bağlı olarak kültürleşmede hâkim kültürle etnik kimliklerin birbirlerini etkilemesi ele alınmaktadır. Kültürleşme etnik kimlikleri değişime uğratmakta; bu değişim içerisinde yaşanan kültürleşme stresi ergen ruh sağlığına etkide bulunmaktadır. Son yıllarda çoğunluk ve azınlık kültürlerinin tercih ettikleri kültürleşme stratejilerinin ruh sağlığına ve psikolojik iyi olmaya olan etkileri geniş perspektiften değerlendirilmektedir. Bu çalışmada kültürleşme, etnik kimlik, ruh sağlığı ilişkileri kapsamlı olarak incelenmekte; özellikle ergen ruh sağlığına ilişkin literatürde bu yönde elde edilmiş bulgular karşılaştırmalı olarak değerlendirilmekte ve olası sonuçlara yönelik çeşitli önerilerde bulunulmaktadır. Ulusal ve uluslararası alanyazında bu konuyla ilgili yayınlanmış bir sistematik derleme çalışmasına rastlanılmamıştır. Erken dönem çalışmalar özellikle ergenlerin hâkim kültürle özdeşim kurabilmesiyle ruh sağlığı arasında pozitif yönde bir ilişki göstermektedir. Ancak günümüzde göçmenin ve hakim kültürün özellikleri iki boyutlu olarak ele alınmakta ve her iki kültüre de uyumu sürdürmenin ruh sağlığını olumlu yönde etkilediği ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmada ayrıca göçmen/mülteci ergenin topluma uyumunda psikiyatrik müdahalelerin etkiliği de tartışılmıştır. Hangi tür kültürleşme süreçlerinin ergenlerin ruh sağlığını olumlu yöne etkilediğini belirlemek için daha fazla çalışmaya gerek duyulmaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Amin NS (2014) Acculturation, gender, and health among middle eastern ımmigrants in the United States: Evidence from the National Health Interview Survey (2002-2012). Int J Sociol, 44:60–83.
  • Arandia G, Sotres-Alvarez D, Siega-Riz AM, Arredondo EM, Carnethon M, Delamater AM et al. (2018) Associations between acculturation, ethnic identity, and diet quality among U.S. Hispanic/Latino Youth: Findings from the HCHS/SOL youth study, Appetite, 129:25–36.
  • Aydın D, Şahin N, Akay B (2017) Göç olayının çocuk sağlığı üzerine etkileri. İzmir Dr. Behçet Uz Çocuk Hastalıkları Dergisi, 7:8-14.
  • Barrett PM, Moore AF, Sonderegger R (2000) The FRIENDS program for young former-Yugoslavian refugees in Australia: A pilot study. Behav Change,17:124-133.
  • Beiser M, Hou F (2016) Mental health effects of premigration trauma and postmigration discrimination on refugee youth in Canada. J Nerv Mental Dis, 204:464-470.
  • Berry JW (1997) Immigration, acculturation, and adaptation.: An ınternational review, Appl Psychol, 46:5-34.
  • Berry JW (2004) Fundamental psychological processes in intercultural relations. In Handbook of Intercultural Training. 3 eds.(Eds D Landis, J Bennett, M Bennett):166–184. Thousand Oaks, CA, Sage.
  • Berry JW, Annis RC (1974) Acculturative stress: The role of ecology, culture and differentiation. J Cross Cult Psychol, 5:382–406.
  • Betancourt TS, Abdi S, Ito BS, Lilienthal GM, Agalab N, Ellis H (2015) We left one war and came to another: Resource loss, acculturative stress, and caregiver-child relationships in Somali refugee families. Cultur Divers Ethnic Minor Psychol, 21:114-125.
  • Bettendorf SK, Fischer AR (2009) Cultural strengths as moderators of the relationship between acculturation to mainstream U.S. society and eating- and body-related concerns among Mexican American women. J Couns Psychol, 56:430–440.
  • Birman D (2006) Acculturation gap and family adjustment: Findings with Soviet Jewish refugees in the United States and implications for measurement. J Cross Cult Psychol, 37:568–589.
  • Blanco-Vega CO, Castro-Olivo SM, Merrell KW (2007) Social–emotional needs of Latino immigrant adolescents: A sociocultural model for development and implementation of culturally specific interventions. J Lat Educ, 7:43-61.
  • Bornstein MH, Cote LR (2010) Immigration and acculturation. In Handbook of Cultural Developmental Science (Ed M H Bornstein): 531–552. New York, NY, Psychology Press.
  • Bove V, Gökmen G (2017) Cultural distance and interstate conflicts. Br J Polit Sci, 47:939–949.
  • Branch CW (1994) Ethnic Identity as a Variable in the Learning Equation. Albany: State University of New York Press.
  • Bronfenbrenner U (1977) Toward an experimental ecology of human development. Am Psychol, 32:513–553.
  • Brown R, Baysu G, Cameron L, Nigbu D, Rutland A, Watters C et al. (2013) Acculturation attitudes and social adjustment in British South Asian children: A longitudinal study. Pers Soc Psychol Bull, 39:1656-1667.
  • Brown RC, Witt A, Fegert JM, Keller F, Rassenhofer M, Plener PL (2017) Psychosocial interventions for children and adolescents after man-made and natural disasters: A metaanalysis and systematic review. Psychol Med,47:1893-1905.
  • Bulut E, Gayman M (2016) Acculturation and self-rated mental health among Latino and Asian immigrants in the United States: A latent class analysis. J Immigr Minor Health, 18:836–849.
  • Caligiuri PM (2000) Selecting expatriates for personality characteristics: A moderating effect of personality on the relationship between host national contact and cross-cultural adjustment. Manag Int Rev, 40:61–80.
  • Cárdenas D, de la Sablonnière R (2017) Understanding the relation between participating in the new culture and identification: Two studies with Latin American immigrants. J Cross Cult Psychol, 48:854–873.
  • Cardoso JD, Lane BL (2016) Practice with immigrant and refugee children and families in the mental health system. In Immigrant and Refugee Children and Families (Eds AJ Dettloff, R Fong): 392-427. New York, NY, Columbia University Press. , NY,
  • Carta M, Bernal M, Hardoy MC, Haro-Abad JM, Report on the Mental Health in Europe Working Group (2005) Migration and mental health in Europe (the state of the mental health in Europe working group). Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health, 1:13.
  • Carta MG, Kovess V, Hardoy MC, Morosini PL, Murgia S, Carpiniello B (2002) Psychiatric disorders in Sardinian immigrants in Paris: A comparison with Parisians and Sardinians resident in Sardinia. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol, 37:112-117.
  • Castillo LG, Cano MA, Chen SW, Blucker RT, Olds TS (2008) Family conflict and intragroup marginalization as predictors of acculturative stress in Latino college students. Int J Stress Manag, 15:43–52.
  • Cebotari V, Vink MP (2013) A configurational analysis of ethnic protest in Europe. Int J Comp Sociol, 54:298-324.
  • Compton RW, Leung HH, Robles Y, ProQuest (Firm) (2018) Dynamics of Community Formation: Developing Identity and Notions of Home. New York, NY, Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Costigan CL (2010) Embracing complexity in the study of acculturation gaps: Directions for future research. Hum Dev, 53:341–349.
  • Crocetti E, Rubini M, Meeus W (2008) Capturing the dynamics of identity formation in various ethnic groups: Development and validation of a three-dimensional model. J Adolesc, 31:207–222.
  • Dahlan R, Badri P, Saltaji H, Amin M (2019) Impact of acculturation on oral health among immigrants and ethnic minorities: A systematic review. PLoS One, 14:e0212891.
  • DeMott MAM, Jakobsen M, Wentzel-Larsen T, Heir T (2017) A controlled early group intervention study for unaccompanied minors: Can expressive arts alleviate symptoms of trauma and enhance life satisfaction? Scand J Psychol, 58:510-518.
  • Douglass S, Umaña-Taylor AJ (2016) Time-varying effects of family ethnic socialization on ethnic-racial identity development among Latino adolescents. Dev Psychol, 52:1904–1912.
  • Duarte CS, Canino GJ, Wall M, Ramos-Olazagasti M, Elkington KS, Bird H (2021) Development, psychopathology, and ethnicity II: Psychiatric disorders among young adults. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 60:579-592.
  • Ebin VJ, Sneed CD, Morisky DE, Rotheram-Borus MJ, Magnusson AM, Malotte CK (2001) Acculturation and the interrelationships between problem and health-promoting behaviors among Latino adolescents. J Adolesc Health, 28:62–72.
  • Ehntholt KA, Yule W (2006) Practitioner review: Assessment and treatment of refugee children and adolescents who have experienced war-related trauma. J Child Psychol Psychiatry, 47:1197-1210.
  • Ellis BH, Abdi S, Barrett C, Miller AB, Blood EA, Betancourt, TS (2013) Multitier mental health program for refugee youth. J Consult Clin Psychol, 81:129-140.
  • Erikson EH (1968) Identity: Youth and Crisis. New York, Norton.
  • Fazel M, Garcia J, Stein A (2016) The right location? Experiences of refugee adolescents seen by school-based mental health services. Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry, 21:368-380.
  • Fazel M, Hoagwood K, Stephan S, Ford T (2014) Mental health interventions in schools 1: Mental health interventions in schools in high-income countries. Lancet Psychiatry. 1:377-387.
  • Forrest-Bank SS, Cuellar MJ (2018) The mediating effects of ethnic identity on the relationships between racial micro-aggression and psychological well-being. Soc Work Res, 42:44–56.
  • Fossion P, Ledoux Y, Valente F, Servais L, Staner L, Pel I (2002) Psychiatric disorders and social characteristics among second-generation Moroccan migrants in Belgium: An age–and gender–controlled study conducted in a psychiatric emergency department. Eur Psychiatry, 17:443-450.
  • Fuligni AJ, Yip T, Tseng V (2002) The impact of family obligation on the daily activities and psychological well-being of Chinese-American adolescents. Child Dev, 73:302–314.
  • Gamst G, Dana RH, Der-Karabetian A, Kramer T (2004) Ethnic match and treatment outcomes for child and adolescent mental health center clients. J Couns Dev, 82:457–465.
  • Garcia D, Tarima S, Glasman L, Cassidy LD, Meurer J, Okunseri C (2017) Latino acculturation and periodontitis status among Mexican-origin adults in the United States: NHANES 2009–2012. Fam Community Health, 40:112–120.
  • Gassman-Pines A, Skinner AT (2018) Psychological acculturation and parenting behaviors in Mexican-immigrant families. J Fam Issues, 39:1139–1164.
  • George, M (2012) Migration traumatic experiences and refugee distress: Implications for social work practice. Clin Soc Work J, 40:429-437.
  • Ghaffarian S (1998) The acculturation of Iranian immigrants in the United States and the implications for mental health. J Soc Psychol, 138:645-54.
  • Gone JP (2016) Alternative knowledge and the future of community psychology: Provocations from an American Indian healing tradition. Am J Community Psychol, 58:314–321.
  • Greenland K, Brown R (2005) Acculturation and contact in Japanese students studying in the United Kingdom. J Soc Psychol, 145:373–389.
  • Grossman B, Wirt R, Davids A (1985) Self-esteem, ethnic identity, and behavioral adjustment among Anglo and Chicano adolescents in West Texas. J Adolesc, 8:57–68.
  • Güngör D (2014) İkinci kuşak Avrupalı Türklerde psikolojik entegrasyon ve uyum: Çift boyutlu kültürleşme temelinde karşılaştırmalı bir derleme. Türk Psikoloji Yazıları, 17:16-31.
  • Haugen I, Kunst JR (2017) A two-way process? A qualitative and quantitative investigation of majority members’ acculturation. Int J Intercult Relat, 60:67–82.
  • Heine SJ, Lehman DR, Markus HR, Kitayama S (1999) Is there a universal need for positive self-regard? Psychol Rev, 106:766-794.
  • Hjellset VT, Ihlebæk C (2019) Bidimensional acculturation and psychological distress in Pakistani immigrant women in Norway: A cross-sectional study. J Immigr Minor Health, 21:508–514.
  • Horenczyk G, Ben-Shalom U (2006) Acculturation in Israel. In The Cambridge Handbook of Acculturation Psychology (Eds DL Sam, JW Berry): 294–310. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
  • Hovey JD (1998) Acculturative stress, depression, and suicidal ideation among Mexican-American adolescents: Implications for the development of suicide prevention programs in schools. Psychol Rep, 83:249–250.
  • Hsiao J, Wittig M (2008) Acculturation among three racial/ ethnic groups of host immigrant adolescents. Am J Community Psychol, 43:286–297.
  • Hughes G (2013) Finding a voice through 'The Tree of Life': A strength-based approach to mental health for refugee children and families in schools. Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry 19:139-153.
  • Iturbide MI, Raffaelli M, Carlo G (2009) Protective effects of ethnic identity on Mexican American college students’ psychological well-being. Hisp J Behav Sci, 31:536–552.
  • Jugert P, Pink S, Fleischmann F, Leszczensky L (2020) Changes in Turkish- and resettler-origin adolescents' acculturation profiles of ıdentification: A three-year longitudinal study from Germany. J Youth Adolesc. 49:2476-2494.
  • Kapke TL, Gerdes AC, Lawton KE (2017) Global self-worth in Latino youth: The role of acculturation and acculturation risk factors. Child Youth Care Forum, 46:307–333.
  • Kauffmann N (1983) The impact of study abroad on personality change (Doctoral dissertation). Indianapolis, IN, Indiana University.
  • Keleş FK (2020) Suriyeli mülteci öğrencilerin Türkiye’de kültürlenme düzeyleri, kültürleşme stresleri ve kolektif benlik algıları arasındaki ilişkiler. (Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Aksaray, Aksaray Üniversitesi.
  • Kıylıoğlu L, Wimmer H (2015) The relationship between immigration, acculturation and psychological well-being the case of Turkish youth in Austria. Nesne Psikoloji Dergisi, 3:1-19.
  • Klein EM, Müller KW, Wölfling K, Dreier M, Ernst M, Beutel ME (2020) The relationship between acculturation and mental health of 1st generation immigrant youth in a representative school survey: Does gender matter? Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health. 17: 14-29.
  • Koneru VK, Weisman de Mamani AG, Flynn PM, Betancourt H (2007) Acculturation and mental health: Current findings and recommendations for future research. Appl Prev Psychol, 12:76-96.
  • Korol LD (2017) Is the association between multicultural personality and ethnic tolerance explained by cross-group friendship? J Gen Psychol, 144:264– 282.
  • Kvernmo S, Heyerdahl S (1998) Influence of ethnic factors on behavior problems in indigenous Sami and majority Norwegian adolescents. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 37:743-51.
  • Lardier DT (2018) An examination of ethnic identity as a mediator of the effects of community participation and neighborhood sense of community on psychological empowerment among urban youth of color. J Community Psychol, 46:551–566.
  • Liang CTH, Alvarez AN, Juang LP, Liang MX (2007) The role of coping in the relationship between perceived racism and racism-related stress for Asian Americans: Gender differences. J Couns Psychology, 54:132–141.
  • Marcia JE (1980) Identity in adolescence. In Handbook of Adolescent Psychology (Ed J Adelson):109-137. New York, NY, Wiley.
  • Mehta S (1998) Relationship between acculturation and mental health for Asian Indian immigrants in the United States. Genet Soc Gen Psychol Monogr, 124: 61–78.
  • Mendenhall ME, Oddou G (1985) The dimensions of expatriate acculturation: A review. Acad Manage Rev, 10:39-47.
  • Mendoza RH, Martinez JL (1981) The measurement of acculturation. In Explorations in Chicano Psychology (Ed A Baron Jr):71-82. New York, NY, Praeger.
  • Miller LD (2012) “I am not who I thought I was”: Use of grief work to address disrupted ıdentity among hispanic adolescent ımmigrants. Clin Soc Work J, 41:316-323.
  • Morina N, Malek M, Nickerson A, Bryant RA (2017) Psychological interventions for post-traumatic stress disorder and depression in young survivors of mass violence in low- and middle-income countries: meta-analysis. Br J Psychiatry, 210:247–254.
  • Nagata D (1994) Assessing Asian American acculturation and ethnic identity: The need for multidimensional framework. Asian Am Pac Isl J Health, 2:109–124.
  • Nguyen HH, Messe LA, Stollak GE (1999) Toward a more complex understanding of acculturation and adjustment: Cultural involvements and psychosocial functioning in Vietnamese youth. J Cross Cult Psychol, 30:15–31.
  • Nicolas G, Arntz DL, Hirsch B, Schmiedigen A (2009) Cultural adaptation of a group treatment for Haitian american adolescents. Prof Psychol Res Pract, 40:378-384.
  • Obasi EM, Leong FTL (2009) Psychological distress, acculturation, and mental health-seeking attitudes among people of African descent in the United States: A preliminary investigation. J Couns Psychol, 56:227– 238.
  • Ones DS, Viswesvaran C (1999) Relative importance of personality dimensions for expatriate selection: A policy capturing study. Hum Perform, 12:275–294.
  • Oppedal B, Roysamb E, Sam DL (2004) The effect of acculturation and social support on change in mental health among young immigrants. Int J Behav Dev, 28:481–494.
  • Organista KC (2009) Latino clinical perspective on Montalvo’s ethnoracial gap in clinical practice with Latinos. Clin Soc Work J, 37:287–293.
  • Öztuna Ş, Kıssal A (2023) Halk sağlığı bakışıyla göçün ruh sağlığına etkileri. TOGÜ Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 3:228-245.
  • Perez LG, Elder JP, Haughton J, Martinez ME, Arredondo EM (2018) Socio-demographic moderators of associations between psychological factors and Latinas’ breast cancer-screening behaviors. J Immigr Minor Health 20:823–830.
  • Phinney JS (1989) Stages of ethnic identity development in minority group adolescents. J Early Adolesc, 9:34–49.
  • Phinney JS (1992) The multigroup ethnic identity measure: A new scale for use with diverse groups. J Adolesc Res, 7:156–176.
  • Phinney JS, Horenczyk G, Liebkind K, Vedder P (2001) Ethnic identity, immigration, and well-being: An interactional perspective. J Soc Issues, 57:493–510.
  • Reder, M. (2014) Gender identity, ethnic identity, and self-esteem in Latino adolescent males (Master’s thesis). San Luis, CA, California Polytechnic State University.
  • Redmond G, Huynh J, Maurici V (2018) How big is the gap in wellbeing between marginalized and non-marginalized young people as they approach adolescence? Evidence from a national survey of 9–14 Year old Australians. Child Indic Res, 11:459–485.
  • Roberts RE, Chen YW (1995) Depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation among Mexican-Origin and Anglo adolescents. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 34:81-90.
  • Rodriguez J, Radjack R, Moro MR, Lachal J (2022) Migrant adolescents' experience of depression as they, their parents, and their health-care professionals describe it: A systematic review and qualitative meta-synthesis. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 33:1-19.
  • Romero AJ, Roberts RE (2003) Stress within a bicultural context for adolescents of Mexican descent. Cultur Divers Ethnic Minor Psychol, 9:171-184.
  • Rotherham MJ, Phinney JS (1987) Introduction: Definitions and Perspectives in the Study of Children’s Ethnic Socialization. Newbury Park, CA, Sage.
  • Ryabichenko T, Lebedeva N (2017) Motivation for ethno-cultural continuity as a predictor of acculturation and adaptation in two generations of Latvian Russians. J Cross Cult Psychol, 48:682–697.
  • Ryder AG, Alden LE, Paulhus DL (2000) Is acculturation unidimensional or bidimensional? A head-to-head comparison in the prediction of personality, self-identity, and adjustment. J Pers Soc Psychol, 79:49–65.
  • Sam DL, Berry JW (1995) Acculturative stress among young immigrants in Norway. Scand J Psychol, 36:10-24.
  • Sam DL, Berry JW (2010) Acculturation: When individuals and groups of different cultural backgrounds meet. Perspect Psychol Sci, 5:472–481.
  • Samaniego RY, Gonzales NA (1999) Multiple mediators of the effects of acculturation status on delinquency for Mexican American adolescents. Am J Community Psychol, 27:189–210.
  • Schmitz PG (1994) Acculturation and adaptation processes among immigrants in Germany.In Journeys Into Cross-Cultural Psychology (Eds AM Bouvy, FJR van de Vijver, P Boski, PG Schmitz): 142–157. Lisse, Swets and Zeitlinger Publishers.
  • Schwartz SJ, Zamboanga BL, Jarvis LH (2007) Ethnic identity and acculturation in Hispanic early adolescents: Mediated relationships to academic grades, prosocial behaviors, and externalizing symptoms. Cultur Divers Ethnic Minor Psychol, 13:364–373.
  • Szapocznik J, Kurtine W, Fernandez T (1980) Bicultural involvement and adjustment in Hispanic-American youths. Int J Intercult Relat, 4:353–365.
  • Tajfel H (1981) Human Groups and Social Categories. New York, NY, Cambridge University Press.
  • Tajfel H, Turner JC (1979) An Integrative Theory of Intergroup Conflict. Monterey, CA, Brooks/Cole.
  • Taycan O, Uygun E, Karabulut E (2020) Göç ve toplum ruh sağlığı: Arafta kalan yaşamlar. Toplum ve Hekim, 35:188-204.
  • Theron L, Cameron CA, Didkowsky N, Lau C, Liebenberg L, Ungar M (2011) A "day in the lives" of four resilient youths: Cultural roots of resilience. Youth Soc, 43:799-818.
  • Triandis HC (1989) The self and social behavior in differing cultural contexts. Psychol Rev, 96:506–520.
  • Tyrer RA, Fazel M (2014) School and community-based interventions for refugee and asylum-seeking children: A systematic review. PLoS One,24:9e89359.
  • Ugurlu N, Akca L, Acarturk C (2016) An art therapy intervention for symptoms of posttraumatic stress, depression and anxiety among Syrian refugee children. Vulnerable Child Youth Stud, 11:89-102.
  • Umaña-Taylor AJ (2004) Ethnic identity and self-esteem: Examining the role of social context. J Adolesc, 27:39-146.
  • Umaña-Taylor AJ, Diversi M, Fine MA (2002) Ethnic identity and self-esteem of Latino adolescents: Distinctions among the Latino populations. J Adolesc Res, 17:303–327.
  • Umaña-Taylor AJ, Shin N (2007) An examination of the Ethnic Identity Scale with diverse populations: Exploring variation by ethnicity and geography. Cultur Divers Ethnic Minor Psychol, 13:178–186.
  • van der Zee K, Atsma N, Brodbeck F (2004) The influence of social identity and personality on outcomes of cultural diversity in teams. J Cross Cult Psychol, 35:283–303.
  • van Oudenhoven JP, Mol S, van der Zee KI (2003) Study of the adjustment of Western expatriates in Taiwan ROC with the multicultural personality questionnaire. Asian J Soc Psychol, 6:159–170.
  • Vedder P, Sam DL, Liebkind, K (2007) The acculturation and adaptation of Turkish adolescents in North-Western Europe. Appl Dev Sci, 11:126–136.
  • Vega WA, Gil A (1998) Drug Use and Ethnicity in Early Adolescence. New York, Plenum Press.
  • Verkuyten M (2018) The Social Psychology of Ethnic Identity, 2nd ed. Abingdon, UK, Routledge.
  • Ward C, Leong CH, Low M (2004) Personality and sojourner adjustment: An exploration of the Big Five and the cultural fit proposition. J Cross Cult Psychol, 2:137-151.
  • Weine S, Feetham S, Kulauzovic Y, Knafl K, Besic S, Klebic A et al. (2006) A family beliefs framework for socially and culturally specific preventive interventions with refugee youths and families. Am J Orthopsychiatr, 76:1-9.
  • White CL, Burke PJ (1987) Ethnic role ıdentity among black and white college students: An interactionist approach. Sociol Perspect, 30:310-331.
  • Wilson AR, Leaper C (2016) Bridging multidimensional models of ethnic–racial and gender identity among ethnically diverse emerging adults. J Youth Adolesc, 45:1614–1637.
  • Wong-Rieger D, Quintana D (1987) Comparative acculturation of Southeast Asian and Hispanic immigrants and sojourners. J Cross Cult Psychol, 18:345–362.
  • Ye J (2006) Traditional and online support networks in the cross-cultural adaptation of Chinese ınternational students in the United States. J Comput Mediat Commun, 11:863–876.
  • Yeh C, Inose M (2002) Difficulties and coping strategies of Chinese, Japanese, and Korean immigrant students. Adolescence, 37:69-82.
  • Yohani S (2008) Creating an ecology of hope: Arts-based interventions with refugee children. Child Adolesc Soc Work J, 25:309–323.
  • Yu P, Berryman D (1996) The relationship among self-esteem, acculturation and recreation participation of recently arrived Chinese immigrant adolescents. J Leis Res, 28:251–273.
  • Yuen NY, Nahulu LB, Hishinuma ES, Miyamoto RH (2000) Cultural identification and attempted suicide in native Hawaiian adolescents. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 39:360-367.

Effects of Acculturation and Ethnic Identity on Immigrant Adolescents’ Mental Health

Yıl 2024, , 628 - 643, 25.12.2024
https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.1408544

Öz

In today's world, the main problem affecting all humanity, especially children and adolescents, is the phenomenon of migration. In acculturation due to migration, the influence of dominant culture and ethnic identities on each other is discussed. Acculturation changes ethnic identities; acculturation stress experienced in this change affects adolescent mental health. In recent years, the effects of acculturation strategies preferred by majority and minority cultures on mental health and psychological well-being have been evaluated from a broad perspective. In this study, the relationships between acculturation, ethnic identity, and mental health are examined comprehensively, the literature on adolescent mental health findings is evaluated comparatively, and various suggestions are made for possible results. No systematic review study on this subject was found in the national and international literature. Early studies, in particular, found a positive relationship between adolescents' ability to identify with the dominant culture and mental health. However, today, the characteristics of the immigrant and the dominant culture are considered two-dimensionally, and it turns out that maintaining adaptation to both cultures positively affects mental health. In addition, the effectiveness of psychiatric interventions leads adoption of the society of immigrant/refugee adolescents is discussed in detail. More studies are needed to determine which acculturation processes positively affect adolescents' mental health.

Kaynakça

  • Amin NS (2014) Acculturation, gender, and health among middle eastern ımmigrants in the United States: Evidence from the National Health Interview Survey (2002-2012). Int J Sociol, 44:60–83.
  • Arandia G, Sotres-Alvarez D, Siega-Riz AM, Arredondo EM, Carnethon M, Delamater AM et al. (2018) Associations between acculturation, ethnic identity, and diet quality among U.S. Hispanic/Latino Youth: Findings from the HCHS/SOL youth study, Appetite, 129:25–36.
  • Aydın D, Şahin N, Akay B (2017) Göç olayının çocuk sağlığı üzerine etkileri. İzmir Dr. Behçet Uz Çocuk Hastalıkları Dergisi, 7:8-14.
  • Barrett PM, Moore AF, Sonderegger R (2000) The FRIENDS program for young former-Yugoslavian refugees in Australia: A pilot study. Behav Change,17:124-133.
  • Beiser M, Hou F (2016) Mental health effects of premigration trauma and postmigration discrimination on refugee youth in Canada. J Nerv Mental Dis, 204:464-470.
  • Berry JW (1997) Immigration, acculturation, and adaptation.: An ınternational review, Appl Psychol, 46:5-34.
  • Berry JW (2004) Fundamental psychological processes in intercultural relations. In Handbook of Intercultural Training. 3 eds.(Eds D Landis, J Bennett, M Bennett):166–184. Thousand Oaks, CA, Sage.
  • Berry JW, Annis RC (1974) Acculturative stress: The role of ecology, culture and differentiation. J Cross Cult Psychol, 5:382–406.
  • Betancourt TS, Abdi S, Ito BS, Lilienthal GM, Agalab N, Ellis H (2015) We left one war and came to another: Resource loss, acculturative stress, and caregiver-child relationships in Somali refugee families. Cultur Divers Ethnic Minor Psychol, 21:114-125.
  • Bettendorf SK, Fischer AR (2009) Cultural strengths as moderators of the relationship between acculturation to mainstream U.S. society and eating- and body-related concerns among Mexican American women. J Couns Psychol, 56:430–440.
  • Birman D (2006) Acculturation gap and family adjustment: Findings with Soviet Jewish refugees in the United States and implications for measurement. J Cross Cult Psychol, 37:568–589.
  • Blanco-Vega CO, Castro-Olivo SM, Merrell KW (2007) Social–emotional needs of Latino immigrant adolescents: A sociocultural model for development and implementation of culturally specific interventions. J Lat Educ, 7:43-61.
  • Bornstein MH, Cote LR (2010) Immigration and acculturation. In Handbook of Cultural Developmental Science (Ed M H Bornstein): 531–552. New York, NY, Psychology Press.
  • Bove V, Gökmen G (2017) Cultural distance and interstate conflicts. Br J Polit Sci, 47:939–949.
  • Branch CW (1994) Ethnic Identity as a Variable in the Learning Equation. Albany: State University of New York Press.
  • Bronfenbrenner U (1977) Toward an experimental ecology of human development. Am Psychol, 32:513–553.
  • Brown R, Baysu G, Cameron L, Nigbu D, Rutland A, Watters C et al. (2013) Acculturation attitudes and social adjustment in British South Asian children: A longitudinal study. Pers Soc Psychol Bull, 39:1656-1667.
  • Brown RC, Witt A, Fegert JM, Keller F, Rassenhofer M, Plener PL (2017) Psychosocial interventions for children and adolescents after man-made and natural disasters: A metaanalysis and systematic review. Psychol Med,47:1893-1905.
  • Bulut E, Gayman M (2016) Acculturation and self-rated mental health among Latino and Asian immigrants in the United States: A latent class analysis. J Immigr Minor Health, 18:836–849.
  • Caligiuri PM (2000) Selecting expatriates for personality characteristics: A moderating effect of personality on the relationship between host national contact and cross-cultural adjustment. Manag Int Rev, 40:61–80.
  • Cárdenas D, de la Sablonnière R (2017) Understanding the relation between participating in the new culture and identification: Two studies with Latin American immigrants. J Cross Cult Psychol, 48:854–873.
  • Cardoso JD, Lane BL (2016) Practice with immigrant and refugee children and families in the mental health system. In Immigrant and Refugee Children and Families (Eds AJ Dettloff, R Fong): 392-427. New York, NY, Columbia University Press. , NY,
  • Carta M, Bernal M, Hardoy MC, Haro-Abad JM, Report on the Mental Health in Europe Working Group (2005) Migration and mental health in Europe (the state of the mental health in Europe working group). Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health, 1:13.
  • Carta MG, Kovess V, Hardoy MC, Morosini PL, Murgia S, Carpiniello B (2002) Psychiatric disorders in Sardinian immigrants in Paris: A comparison with Parisians and Sardinians resident in Sardinia. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol, 37:112-117.
  • Castillo LG, Cano MA, Chen SW, Blucker RT, Olds TS (2008) Family conflict and intragroup marginalization as predictors of acculturative stress in Latino college students. Int J Stress Manag, 15:43–52.
  • Cebotari V, Vink MP (2013) A configurational analysis of ethnic protest in Europe. Int J Comp Sociol, 54:298-324.
  • Compton RW, Leung HH, Robles Y, ProQuest (Firm) (2018) Dynamics of Community Formation: Developing Identity and Notions of Home. New York, NY, Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Costigan CL (2010) Embracing complexity in the study of acculturation gaps: Directions for future research. Hum Dev, 53:341–349.
  • Crocetti E, Rubini M, Meeus W (2008) Capturing the dynamics of identity formation in various ethnic groups: Development and validation of a three-dimensional model. J Adolesc, 31:207–222.
  • Dahlan R, Badri P, Saltaji H, Amin M (2019) Impact of acculturation on oral health among immigrants and ethnic minorities: A systematic review. PLoS One, 14:e0212891.
  • DeMott MAM, Jakobsen M, Wentzel-Larsen T, Heir T (2017) A controlled early group intervention study for unaccompanied minors: Can expressive arts alleviate symptoms of trauma and enhance life satisfaction? Scand J Psychol, 58:510-518.
  • Douglass S, Umaña-Taylor AJ (2016) Time-varying effects of family ethnic socialization on ethnic-racial identity development among Latino adolescents. Dev Psychol, 52:1904–1912.
  • Duarte CS, Canino GJ, Wall M, Ramos-Olazagasti M, Elkington KS, Bird H (2021) Development, psychopathology, and ethnicity II: Psychiatric disorders among young adults. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 60:579-592.
  • Ebin VJ, Sneed CD, Morisky DE, Rotheram-Borus MJ, Magnusson AM, Malotte CK (2001) Acculturation and the interrelationships between problem and health-promoting behaviors among Latino adolescents. J Adolesc Health, 28:62–72.
  • Ehntholt KA, Yule W (2006) Practitioner review: Assessment and treatment of refugee children and adolescents who have experienced war-related trauma. J Child Psychol Psychiatry, 47:1197-1210.
  • Ellis BH, Abdi S, Barrett C, Miller AB, Blood EA, Betancourt, TS (2013) Multitier mental health program for refugee youth. J Consult Clin Psychol, 81:129-140.
  • Erikson EH (1968) Identity: Youth and Crisis. New York, Norton.
  • Fazel M, Garcia J, Stein A (2016) The right location? Experiences of refugee adolescents seen by school-based mental health services. Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry, 21:368-380.
  • Fazel M, Hoagwood K, Stephan S, Ford T (2014) Mental health interventions in schools 1: Mental health interventions in schools in high-income countries. Lancet Psychiatry. 1:377-387.
  • Forrest-Bank SS, Cuellar MJ (2018) The mediating effects of ethnic identity on the relationships between racial micro-aggression and psychological well-being. Soc Work Res, 42:44–56.
  • Fossion P, Ledoux Y, Valente F, Servais L, Staner L, Pel I (2002) Psychiatric disorders and social characteristics among second-generation Moroccan migrants in Belgium: An age–and gender–controlled study conducted in a psychiatric emergency department. Eur Psychiatry, 17:443-450.
  • Fuligni AJ, Yip T, Tseng V (2002) The impact of family obligation on the daily activities and psychological well-being of Chinese-American adolescents. Child Dev, 73:302–314.
  • Gamst G, Dana RH, Der-Karabetian A, Kramer T (2004) Ethnic match and treatment outcomes for child and adolescent mental health center clients. J Couns Dev, 82:457–465.
  • Garcia D, Tarima S, Glasman L, Cassidy LD, Meurer J, Okunseri C (2017) Latino acculturation and periodontitis status among Mexican-origin adults in the United States: NHANES 2009–2012. Fam Community Health, 40:112–120.
  • Gassman-Pines A, Skinner AT (2018) Psychological acculturation and parenting behaviors in Mexican-immigrant families. J Fam Issues, 39:1139–1164.
  • George, M (2012) Migration traumatic experiences and refugee distress: Implications for social work practice. Clin Soc Work J, 40:429-437.
  • Ghaffarian S (1998) The acculturation of Iranian immigrants in the United States and the implications for mental health. J Soc Psychol, 138:645-54.
  • Gone JP (2016) Alternative knowledge and the future of community psychology: Provocations from an American Indian healing tradition. Am J Community Psychol, 58:314–321.
  • Greenland K, Brown R (2005) Acculturation and contact in Japanese students studying in the United Kingdom. J Soc Psychol, 145:373–389.
  • Grossman B, Wirt R, Davids A (1985) Self-esteem, ethnic identity, and behavioral adjustment among Anglo and Chicano adolescents in West Texas. J Adolesc, 8:57–68.
  • Güngör D (2014) İkinci kuşak Avrupalı Türklerde psikolojik entegrasyon ve uyum: Çift boyutlu kültürleşme temelinde karşılaştırmalı bir derleme. Türk Psikoloji Yazıları, 17:16-31.
  • Haugen I, Kunst JR (2017) A two-way process? A qualitative and quantitative investigation of majority members’ acculturation. Int J Intercult Relat, 60:67–82.
  • Heine SJ, Lehman DR, Markus HR, Kitayama S (1999) Is there a universal need for positive self-regard? Psychol Rev, 106:766-794.
  • Hjellset VT, Ihlebæk C (2019) Bidimensional acculturation and psychological distress in Pakistani immigrant women in Norway: A cross-sectional study. J Immigr Minor Health, 21:508–514.
  • Horenczyk G, Ben-Shalom U (2006) Acculturation in Israel. In The Cambridge Handbook of Acculturation Psychology (Eds DL Sam, JW Berry): 294–310. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
  • Hovey JD (1998) Acculturative stress, depression, and suicidal ideation among Mexican-American adolescents: Implications for the development of suicide prevention programs in schools. Psychol Rep, 83:249–250.
  • Hsiao J, Wittig M (2008) Acculturation among three racial/ ethnic groups of host immigrant adolescents. Am J Community Psychol, 43:286–297.
  • Hughes G (2013) Finding a voice through 'The Tree of Life': A strength-based approach to mental health for refugee children and families in schools. Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry 19:139-153.
  • Iturbide MI, Raffaelli M, Carlo G (2009) Protective effects of ethnic identity on Mexican American college students’ psychological well-being. Hisp J Behav Sci, 31:536–552.
  • Jugert P, Pink S, Fleischmann F, Leszczensky L (2020) Changes in Turkish- and resettler-origin adolescents' acculturation profiles of ıdentification: A three-year longitudinal study from Germany. J Youth Adolesc. 49:2476-2494.
  • Kapke TL, Gerdes AC, Lawton KE (2017) Global self-worth in Latino youth: The role of acculturation and acculturation risk factors. Child Youth Care Forum, 46:307–333.
  • Kauffmann N (1983) The impact of study abroad on personality change (Doctoral dissertation). Indianapolis, IN, Indiana University.
  • Keleş FK (2020) Suriyeli mülteci öğrencilerin Türkiye’de kültürlenme düzeyleri, kültürleşme stresleri ve kolektif benlik algıları arasındaki ilişkiler. (Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Aksaray, Aksaray Üniversitesi.
  • Kıylıoğlu L, Wimmer H (2015) The relationship between immigration, acculturation and psychological well-being the case of Turkish youth in Austria. Nesne Psikoloji Dergisi, 3:1-19.
  • Klein EM, Müller KW, Wölfling K, Dreier M, Ernst M, Beutel ME (2020) The relationship between acculturation and mental health of 1st generation immigrant youth in a representative school survey: Does gender matter? Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health. 17: 14-29.
  • Koneru VK, Weisman de Mamani AG, Flynn PM, Betancourt H (2007) Acculturation and mental health: Current findings and recommendations for future research. Appl Prev Psychol, 12:76-96.
  • Korol LD (2017) Is the association between multicultural personality and ethnic tolerance explained by cross-group friendship? J Gen Psychol, 144:264– 282.
  • Kvernmo S, Heyerdahl S (1998) Influence of ethnic factors on behavior problems in indigenous Sami and majority Norwegian adolescents. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 37:743-51.
  • Lardier DT (2018) An examination of ethnic identity as a mediator of the effects of community participation and neighborhood sense of community on psychological empowerment among urban youth of color. J Community Psychol, 46:551–566.
  • Liang CTH, Alvarez AN, Juang LP, Liang MX (2007) The role of coping in the relationship between perceived racism and racism-related stress for Asian Americans: Gender differences. J Couns Psychology, 54:132–141.
  • Marcia JE (1980) Identity in adolescence. In Handbook of Adolescent Psychology (Ed J Adelson):109-137. New York, NY, Wiley.
  • Mehta S (1998) Relationship between acculturation and mental health for Asian Indian immigrants in the United States. Genet Soc Gen Psychol Monogr, 124: 61–78.
  • Mendenhall ME, Oddou G (1985) The dimensions of expatriate acculturation: A review. Acad Manage Rev, 10:39-47.
  • Mendoza RH, Martinez JL (1981) The measurement of acculturation. In Explorations in Chicano Psychology (Ed A Baron Jr):71-82. New York, NY, Praeger.
  • Miller LD (2012) “I am not who I thought I was”: Use of grief work to address disrupted ıdentity among hispanic adolescent ımmigrants. Clin Soc Work J, 41:316-323.
  • Morina N, Malek M, Nickerson A, Bryant RA (2017) Psychological interventions for post-traumatic stress disorder and depression in young survivors of mass violence in low- and middle-income countries: meta-analysis. Br J Psychiatry, 210:247–254.
  • Nagata D (1994) Assessing Asian American acculturation and ethnic identity: The need for multidimensional framework. Asian Am Pac Isl J Health, 2:109–124.
  • Nguyen HH, Messe LA, Stollak GE (1999) Toward a more complex understanding of acculturation and adjustment: Cultural involvements and psychosocial functioning in Vietnamese youth. J Cross Cult Psychol, 30:15–31.
  • Nicolas G, Arntz DL, Hirsch B, Schmiedigen A (2009) Cultural adaptation of a group treatment for Haitian american adolescents. Prof Psychol Res Pract, 40:378-384.
  • Obasi EM, Leong FTL (2009) Psychological distress, acculturation, and mental health-seeking attitudes among people of African descent in the United States: A preliminary investigation. J Couns Psychol, 56:227– 238.
  • Ones DS, Viswesvaran C (1999) Relative importance of personality dimensions for expatriate selection: A policy capturing study. Hum Perform, 12:275–294.
  • Oppedal B, Roysamb E, Sam DL (2004) The effect of acculturation and social support on change in mental health among young immigrants. Int J Behav Dev, 28:481–494.
  • Organista KC (2009) Latino clinical perspective on Montalvo’s ethnoracial gap in clinical practice with Latinos. Clin Soc Work J, 37:287–293.
  • Öztuna Ş, Kıssal A (2023) Halk sağlığı bakışıyla göçün ruh sağlığına etkileri. TOGÜ Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 3:228-245.
  • Perez LG, Elder JP, Haughton J, Martinez ME, Arredondo EM (2018) Socio-demographic moderators of associations between psychological factors and Latinas’ breast cancer-screening behaviors. J Immigr Minor Health 20:823–830.
  • Phinney JS (1989) Stages of ethnic identity development in minority group adolescents. J Early Adolesc, 9:34–49.
  • Phinney JS (1992) The multigroup ethnic identity measure: A new scale for use with diverse groups. J Adolesc Res, 7:156–176.
  • Phinney JS, Horenczyk G, Liebkind K, Vedder P (2001) Ethnic identity, immigration, and well-being: An interactional perspective. J Soc Issues, 57:493–510.
  • Reder, M. (2014) Gender identity, ethnic identity, and self-esteem in Latino adolescent males (Master’s thesis). San Luis, CA, California Polytechnic State University.
  • Redmond G, Huynh J, Maurici V (2018) How big is the gap in wellbeing between marginalized and non-marginalized young people as they approach adolescence? Evidence from a national survey of 9–14 Year old Australians. Child Indic Res, 11:459–485.
  • Roberts RE, Chen YW (1995) Depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation among Mexican-Origin and Anglo adolescents. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 34:81-90.
  • Rodriguez J, Radjack R, Moro MR, Lachal J (2022) Migrant adolescents' experience of depression as they, their parents, and their health-care professionals describe it: A systematic review and qualitative meta-synthesis. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 33:1-19.
  • Romero AJ, Roberts RE (2003) Stress within a bicultural context for adolescents of Mexican descent. Cultur Divers Ethnic Minor Psychol, 9:171-184.
  • Rotherham MJ, Phinney JS (1987) Introduction: Definitions and Perspectives in the Study of Children’s Ethnic Socialization. Newbury Park, CA, Sage.
  • Ryabichenko T, Lebedeva N (2017) Motivation for ethno-cultural continuity as a predictor of acculturation and adaptation in two generations of Latvian Russians. J Cross Cult Psychol, 48:682–697.
  • Ryder AG, Alden LE, Paulhus DL (2000) Is acculturation unidimensional or bidimensional? A head-to-head comparison in the prediction of personality, self-identity, and adjustment. J Pers Soc Psychol, 79:49–65.
  • Sam DL, Berry JW (1995) Acculturative stress among young immigrants in Norway. Scand J Psychol, 36:10-24.
  • Sam DL, Berry JW (2010) Acculturation: When individuals and groups of different cultural backgrounds meet. Perspect Psychol Sci, 5:472–481.
  • Samaniego RY, Gonzales NA (1999) Multiple mediators of the effects of acculturation status on delinquency for Mexican American adolescents. Am J Community Psychol, 27:189–210.
  • Schmitz PG (1994) Acculturation and adaptation processes among immigrants in Germany.In Journeys Into Cross-Cultural Psychology (Eds AM Bouvy, FJR van de Vijver, P Boski, PG Schmitz): 142–157. Lisse, Swets and Zeitlinger Publishers.
  • Schwartz SJ, Zamboanga BL, Jarvis LH (2007) Ethnic identity and acculturation in Hispanic early adolescents: Mediated relationships to academic grades, prosocial behaviors, and externalizing symptoms. Cultur Divers Ethnic Minor Psychol, 13:364–373.
  • Szapocznik J, Kurtine W, Fernandez T (1980) Bicultural involvement and adjustment in Hispanic-American youths. Int J Intercult Relat, 4:353–365.
  • Tajfel H (1981) Human Groups and Social Categories. New York, NY, Cambridge University Press.
  • Tajfel H, Turner JC (1979) An Integrative Theory of Intergroup Conflict. Monterey, CA, Brooks/Cole.
  • Taycan O, Uygun E, Karabulut E (2020) Göç ve toplum ruh sağlığı: Arafta kalan yaşamlar. Toplum ve Hekim, 35:188-204.
  • Theron L, Cameron CA, Didkowsky N, Lau C, Liebenberg L, Ungar M (2011) A "day in the lives" of four resilient youths: Cultural roots of resilience. Youth Soc, 43:799-818.
  • Triandis HC (1989) The self and social behavior in differing cultural contexts. Psychol Rev, 96:506–520.
  • Tyrer RA, Fazel M (2014) School and community-based interventions for refugee and asylum-seeking children: A systematic review. PLoS One,24:9e89359.
  • Ugurlu N, Akca L, Acarturk C (2016) An art therapy intervention for symptoms of posttraumatic stress, depression and anxiety among Syrian refugee children. Vulnerable Child Youth Stud, 11:89-102.
  • Umaña-Taylor AJ (2004) Ethnic identity and self-esteem: Examining the role of social context. J Adolesc, 27:39-146.
  • Umaña-Taylor AJ, Diversi M, Fine MA (2002) Ethnic identity and self-esteem of Latino adolescents: Distinctions among the Latino populations. J Adolesc Res, 17:303–327.
  • Umaña-Taylor AJ, Shin N (2007) An examination of the Ethnic Identity Scale with diverse populations: Exploring variation by ethnicity and geography. Cultur Divers Ethnic Minor Psychol, 13:178–186.
  • van der Zee K, Atsma N, Brodbeck F (2004) The influence of social identity and personality on outcomes of cultural diversity in teams. J Cross Cult Psychol, 35:283–303.
  • van Oudenhoven JP, Mol S, van der Zee KI (2003) Study of the adjustment of Western expatriates in Taiwan ROC with the multicultural personality questionnaire. Asian J Soc Psychol, 6:159–170.
  • Vedder P, Sam DL, Liebkind, K (2007) The acculturation and adaptation of Turkish adolescents in North-Western Europe. Appl Dev Sci, 11:126–136.
  • Vega WA, Gil A (1998) Drug Use and Ethnicity in Early Adolescence. New York, Plenum Press.
  • Verkuyten M (2018) The Social Psychology of Ethnic Identity, 2nd ed. Abingdon, UK, Routledge.
  • Ward C, Leong CH, Low M (2004) Personality and sojourner adjustment: An exploration of the Big Five and the cultural fit proposition. J Cross Cult Psychol, 2:137-151.
  • Weine S, Feetham S, Kulauzovic Y, Knafl K, Besic S, Klebic A et al. (2006) A family beliefs framework for socially and culturally specific preventive interventions with refugee youths and families. Am J Orthopsychiatr, 76:1-9.
  • White CL, Burke PJ (1987) Ethnic role ıdentity among black and white college students: An interactionist approach. Sociol Perspect, 30:310-331.
  • Wilson AR, Leaper C (2016) Bridging multidimensional models of ethnic–racial and gender identity among ethnically diverse emerging adults. J Youth Adolesc, 45:1614–1637.
  • Wong-Rieger D, Quintana D (1987) Comparative acculturation of Southeast Asian and Hispanic immigrants and sojourners. J Cross Cult Psychol, 18:345–362.
  • Ye J (2006) Traditional and online support networks in the cross-cultural adaptation of Chinese ınternational students in the United States. J Comput Mediat Commun, 11:863–876.
  • Yeh C, Inose M (2002) Difficulties and coping strategies of Chinese, Japanese, and Korean immigrant students. Adolescence, 37:69-82.
  • Yohani S (2008) Creating an ecology of hope: Arts-based interventions with refugee children. Child Adolesc Soc Work J, 25:309–323.
  • Yu P, Berryman D (1996) The relationship among self-esteem, acculturation and recreation participation of recently arrived Chinese immigrant adolescents. J Leis Res, 28:251–273.
  • Yuen NY, Nahulu LB, Hishinuma ES, Miyamoto RH (2000) Cultural identification and attempted suicide in native Hawaiian adolescents. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 39:360-367.
Toplam 127 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Kültürel Psikoloji
Bölüm Derleme
Yazarlar

Onat Yetim 0000-0002-5610-4074

Yayımlanma Tarihi 25 Aralık 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 22 Aralık 2023
Kabul Tarihi 16 Şubat 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024

Kaynak Göster

AMA Yetim O. Effects of Acculturation and Ethnic Identity on Immigrant Adolescents’ Mental Health. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar. Aralık 2024;16(4):628-643. doi:10.18863/pgy.1408544

Creative Commons Lisansı
Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar Creative Commons Atıf-Gayriticari-Türetilemez 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı ile lisanslanmıştır.