Obsesif-Kompulsif Bozukluğu Olan Hastalarda Zihin Kuramı, Tiksinme Duyarlılığı ve Mental Kontaminasyonun İncelenmesi

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmada Obsesif-kompulsif bozukluk (OKB) hastalarında zihin kuramı (ZK), tiksinme duyarlılığı ve mental kontaminasyon arasındaki ilişkilerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Mevcut kesitsel çalışmaya Ekim 2023-Mart 2024 tarihleri arasında Silifke Devlet Hastanesi Psikiyatri kliniğine başvuran 37 OKB hastası ve sosyodemografik açıdan benzer özellikteki 45 sağlıklı gönüllü dahil edilmiştir. Çalışmada Padua Envanteri - Washington Eyalet Üniversitesi Revizyonu, Dokuz Eylül Zihin Kuramı İndeksi, Tiksinme Ölçeği - Gözden Geçirilmiş ve Vancouver Obsesif - Kompulsif Envanteri - Mental Kontaminasyon Ölçeği kullanılmıştır, Bulgular: OKB hastalarında sağlıklı kontrollere kıyasla anlamlı düzeyde daha yüksek tiksinme duyarlılığı (ort±SS: 68,19±12,28) ve mental kontaminasyon düzeyleri (ort±SS: 25,54 ±7,64) saptandı. Zihin kuramı becerilerindeki farklılıklar anlamlılığa yakın olmakla birlikte, istatistiksel anlamlılığa ulaşmamıştır. “Kontaminasyon ile ilişkili tiksinme” alt ölçeğinin “Kontrol etme kompulsiyonları” ile (r=0,433) ve “Kendine/başkalarına zarar verme ile ilgili obsesyonel düşünceler” ile (r=0.515) arasında anlamlı bir korelasyon belirlenmiştir. Mental kontaminasyon ile diğer değişkenler arasında anlamlı bir korelasyon saptanmamıştır (r=0.240). Sonuç: Bulgularımız, OKB hastalarında belirli ZK becerilerinde bozuklukların yanı sıra, kontrol grubuna göre daha yüksek tiksinme duyarlılığı ile mental kontaminasyon olduğunu vurgulamaktadır. Tiksinme duyarlılığı ile spesifik OKB semptomları arasındaki anlamlı korelasyonlar, tiksinmenin bazı kompulsif davranışları şiddetlendirmedeki etkisini öne çıkarmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• obsesif-kompulsif bozukluk
• zihin kuramı
• tiksinme duyarlılığı
• mental kontaminasyon

Investigation of Theory of Mind, Disgust Sensitivity, and Mental Contamination in Patients with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study is to examine the relationships between theory of mind (ToM), disgust sensitivity, and mental contamination patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 37 patients with OCD and 45 healthy volunteers with similar socio-demographic characteristics were enrolled at the Silifke State Hospital Department of Psychiatry between October 2023 and March 2024. We utilized the Padua Inventory - Washington State University Revision, the Dokuz Eylül Theory of Mind Index, the Disgust Scale — Revised, and the Vancouver Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory — Mental Contamination Scale. Results: Patients with OCD exhibited significantly higher sensitivity to disgust (mean ± standard deviation 68.19±12.28) and mental contamination (mean ± standard deviation= 25.54± 7.64) compared to healthy controls. Although the differences in ToM abilities approached significance, they did not reach statistical significance. A significant correlation was identified between the subscale of "disgust related to contamination" and "checking compulsions" (r = 0.433), as well as with "obsessive thoughts about harming oneself/others" (r = 0.515). No significant correlation was found between mental contamination and the other variables (r = 0.240). Conclusion: The findings highlight impairments in certain ToM skills among patients with OCD, alongside elevated disgust sensitivity and mental contamination, relative to controls. The significant correlations between disgust sensitivity and specific OCD symptoms emphasize the influence of disgust in exacerbating certain compulsive behaviors. These insights contribute to our understanding of the interactions between OCD symptoms, ToM abilities, and disgust sensitivity.

Keywords

• obsessive-compulsive disorder
• theory of mind
• disgust sensitivity
• mental contamination

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