Anksiyete ve Depresyon Belirtilerini Etkileyen Bazı Bilişsel ve Üstbilişsel Faktörlerin Paralel Seri Aracılık Modelleri ile İncelenmesi

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışma, depresyonun etiyolojisinde varlığını koruduğu pek çok kez kanıtlanmış ruminasyon ile depresyon belirtileri arasındaki ilişkide bilişsel esneklik, dikkat kontrolü ve endişenin paralel seri aracılık etkilerini incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu model anksiyete belirtileri ile de test edilecektir. Yöntem: Çalışmaya tamamı beliren yetişkinlerden oluşan 832 üniversite öğrencisi katılmıştır. Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Ruminatif Düşünme Biçimi Ölçeği, Penn State Endişe Ölçeği, Bilişsel Esneklik Envanteri, Dikkat Kontrol Ölçeği ve Depresyon, Anksiyete ve Stres Ölçeği Kısa Formu kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Cinsiyetin kontrol değişkeni, depresyon ve anksiyete belirtilerinin bağımlı değişken olarak dahil edildiği iki ayrı paralel seri aracılık analizinde de anlamlı çıkan modellerin bulguları paralellik göstermektedir. Buna göre, hem depresyon hem de anksiyetenin yordandığı her iki modelde de bilişsel esneklik ve endişenin paralel seri aracı etkisi anlamlı iken (sırasıyla; B=,003, SH=,001, %95 BCa GA [,001, ,005]; B=,004, SH=,001, %95 BCa GA [,003, ,007]), bilişsel esneklik ve dikkat kontrolünün paralel seri aracı etkisi anlamlı değildir (sırasıyla; B=,000, SH=,000, %95 BCa GA [-,001, ,001]; B=,000, SH=,000, %95 BCa GA [-,001, ,001]). Sonuç: Söz konusu modellerin bulgularının, tanılar üstü yaklaşımın öne sürdüğü bozuklukların açıklanmasında ortak yatkınlık faktörlerinin olduğu fikrini desteklediği görülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• tanılar üstü yaklaşım
• depresyon
• anksiyete
• ruminasyon
• bilişsel esneklik.

Investigation of Certain Cognitive and Metacognitive Factors Affecting Anxiety and Depression Symptoms Through Parallel Serial Mediation Models

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to investigate the parallel serial mediating effects of cognitive flexibility, attentional control, and worry in the relationship between rumination—which has been repeatedly proven to persist in the etiology of depression—and the symptoms of depression. This model will also be tested with anxiety symptoms. Method: The study involved 832 university students, all emerging adults. The Personal Information Form, Ruminative Thought Style Questionnaire, Penn State Worry Questionnaire, Cognitive Flexibility Inventory, Attentional Control Scale, and Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale Short Form were used. Results: In two separate parallel serial mediation analyses, where gender was included as a control variable and depression and anxiety symptoms were included as dependent variables, the findings of the significant models were consistent. Accordingly, in both models in which both depression and anxiety are predicted, while the parallel serial mediation effect of cognitive flexibility and worry was significant (respectively; B=.003, SE=.001, %95 BCa CI [.001, .005]; B=.004, SE=.001, %95 BCa CI [.003, .007]), the parallel serial mediation effect of cognitive flexibility and attentional control was not significant (respectively; B=.000, SE=.000, %95 BCa CI [-.001, .001]; B=.00, SE=.00, %95 BCa CI [-.001, .001]). Conclusion: The findings of models that include certain cognitive and metacognitive factors seem to support the idea proposed by the transdiagnostic approach that there are common vulnerability factors in the explanation of disorders.

Keywords

• transdiagnostic approach
• depression
• anxiety
• rumination
• cognitive flexibility.

Kaynakça

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