Çocuk ve Ergenlerde Görülen Özgül Fobi için Kullanılan Üç Müdahalenin Etkililiğinin Karşılaştırılması: Sistematik Gözden Geçirme

Öz

Bu araştırma çocukluk ve ergenlik çağında görülen özgül fobinin tedavisine yönelik bilişsel, davranışsal ve bilişsel davranışsal boyutlara sahip kanıta dayalı tedavi yaklaşımlarının gözden geçirilmesini amaçlamaktadır. Google Scholar, PubMed Central, Scopus ve Web of Science veri tabanlarında “treatment”, “adolescent”, “child”, “children”, “phobia” terimleri kullanılarak arama yapılmıştır. İlgili terimlerin en az ikisini başlığında barındıran makaleler seçilmiş ve dışlama kriterlerinin uygulanmasının ardından toplam 14 makale gözden geçirmeye dahil edilmiştir. Tek Seanslık Tedavi (One-Session Treatment [OST]), Bilişsel Davranışçı Terapi (BDT) ve Göz Hareketleri ile Duyarsızlaştırma ve Yeniden İşleme (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing [EMDR]) bu çalışmada incelenen tedavi yöntemleridir. Bilişsel davranışçı ve davranışçı tekniklerin kullanıldığı araştırma sonuçlarına göre; OST, BDT ve EMDR’nin her üçünün de anlamlı düzeyde etkili olduğu, kullanım kolaylıkları ve avantajlar göz önünde bulundurulduğunda başat rolün OST tarafından üstlenildiği gözlenmiştir. Bu çalışmada bahsi geçen tedavi yöntemlerinde gerçek hayatta (in vivo) maruz bırakmaların kullanıldığı ve sanal gerçeklik uygulamalarının ise geniş bir yer kaplamadığı görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• çocuk ergen
• özgül fobi
• Tek Seanslık Tedavi
• Bilişsel Davranışçı Terapi
• Göz Hareketleri ile Duyarsızlaştırma ve Yeniden İşleme

Comparison of the Effectiveness of Three Interventions for Specific Phobia in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review

Abstract

This study aims to review evidence-based treatment approaches with cognitive, behavioral, and cognitive-behavioral dimensions for the treatment of specific phobia in childhood and adolescence. The databases Google Scholar, PubMed Central, Scopus and Web of Science were searched using the terms "treatment", "adolescent", "child", "children", "phobia”. Articles containing at least two of the relevant terms in their titles were selected, and after applying the exclusion criteria, a total of 14 articles were included in the review. One-Session Treatment (OST), Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Eye Movements Desensitization and Reprocessing therapy (EMDR) are the treatment methods examined in this study. According to the results of the study in which cognitive-behavioral and behavioral techniques were used, it was observed that all three of OST, CBT and EMDR were significantly effective, and OST played the dominant role when the ease of use and advantages were taken into consideration. In this study, it was observed that in-vivo exposures were used and virtual-reality exposures did not occupy a large place.

Keywords

• child adolescent
• specific phobia
• One Session Treatment
• Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
• Eye Movements Desensitization and Reprocessing

Kaynakça

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