Duygusal İhmal ve Duygusal İstismarı Anlamak: Kavramdan Müdahaleye Bütüncül Bir Bakış

Öz

Bu çalışmada, erken çocukluk döneminde yaşanan duygusal ihmal ve duygusal istismar olgusuna ilişkin tanımlamalar, bu durumların ruh sağlığı üzerindeki etkileri ve önleme ile müdahale çalışmalarına odaklanılmıştır. Öncelikle, duygusal ihmal ve duygusal istismar kavramları arasındaki kesişim noktaları ve ayrımlar ele alınarak bu konulara dair kavramsal açıklamalar incelenmiştir. Bu bağlamda, söz konusu kavramların tarihsel süreçteki görünürlüğü değerlendirilmiş ve farklı dönemler ile toplumların bu olgulara yaklaşımı incelenmiştir. Duygusal ihmal ve istismar, psikodinamik kuram, bağlanma kuramı, sosyal öğrenme kuramı, psikososyal gelişim kuramı ve ekolojik kuram perspektiflerinden ele alınmış; bu durumların birey üzerindeki kısa ve uzun vadeli etkileri tartışılmıştır. Risk faktörleri detaylı bir şekilde incelenerek, özellikle 0-6 yaş döneminde maruz kalınan duygusal ihmal ve istismarın yetişkinlikte ruh sağlığı sorunları üzerindeki etkileri ve bu etkilerin ortaya çıkma mekanizmaları tartışılmıştır. Ayrıca, bu bağlamda geliştirilen müdahale programları gözden geçirilmiş; duygusal ihmal ve istismarın önlenmesi, erken tanınması ve etkili müdahale yaklaşımlarına yönelik alan uzmanlarına öneriler sunulmuştur. Ebeveynlerin öz farkındalığını artırmayı amaçlayan bireysel ve grup terapilerinin ve ebeveynlik becerilerini geliştirmek için tasarlanmış psikoeğitim programlarının ebeveynlerin duygu düzenleme, stres yönetimi ve ebeveynlik becerilerini geliştirmelerine yardımcı olarak duygusal ihmal ve istismara müdahalede önemli rol oynayacağı düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• duygusal ihmal
• duygusal istismar
• ruh sağlığı

Understanding Emotional Neglect and Emotional Abuse: A Holistic View from Conceptualization to Intervention

Öz

This study focuses on the definitions of emotional neglect and emotional abuse experienced during early childhood, their impact on mental health, and the preventive and intervention efforts related to these phenomena. Initially, the overlapping and distinct aspects of emotional neglect and emotional abuse are examined, and conceptual explanations regarding these issues are provided. In this context, the historical development and visibility of these concepts are explored, along with an analysis of how different periods and societies have approached these phenomena. Emotional neglect and emotional abuse are discussed within the frameworks of psychodynamic theory, attachment theory, social learning theory, psychosocial development theory, and ecological theory, with an emphasis on their short- and long-term effects on individuals. Risk factors are thoroughly analyzed, particularly focusing on the mechanisms through which emotional neglect and abuse during the 0-6 age period influence mental health problems in adulthood. Furthermore, intervention programs developed in this area are reviewed, and recommendations are offered to professionals for preventing, identifying, and addressing emotional neglect and abuse effectively. Individual and group therapies aiming to increase parents' self-awareness and psychoeducation programs designed to improve parenting skills are thought to play an important role in intervening in emotional neglect and abuse by helping parents develop emotional regulation, stress management and parenting skills.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• emotional neglect
• emotional abuse
• mental health

Kaynakça

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