Complementary and Alternative Treatments for Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Comprehensive Review

Yıl 2026, Sayı: Advanced Online Publication, 1257 - 1329, 08.02.2026

Melek Hande Bulut Demir

https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.1616996

https://izlik.org/JA47XP99PJ

Öz

This review article comprehensively examines complementary and alternative treatment (CAT) approaches for children and adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). CAT usage rates among individuals with ASD range from 28-95%, with families turning to these methods due to insufficient responses to conventional treatments, concerns about side effects, and the pursuit of "natural" therapies. The article covers biologically-based interventions (gluten-free/casein-free diet, ketogenic diet, omega-3 supplements, vitamins, probiotics, melatonin), mind-body practices (yoga, music therapy, massage), and manipulative therapies (hippotherapy, sensory integration). While melatonin and music therapy demonstrate strong evidence levels, risky and ineffective methods such as chelation therapy and hyperbaric oxygen therapy are not recommended. Evidence for gluten-free/casein-free diet, probiotics, and omega-3 remains inconsistent, requiring individual evaluation. It is critically important for clinicians to maintain non-judgmental, open communication with families and provide evidence-based guidance. CAT applications should be integrated with standard treatments, monitored with concrete goals, and potential risks must be considered. Future controlled studies accounting for phenotypic heterogeneity are needed to determine which CAT strategies are appropriate for whom and under what conditions. Although more than half of parents prefer to discuss CAT options with their child's physician, the perception that physicians lack sufficient knowledge about CAT can lead to reluctance in disclosure.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Autism spectrum disorder , complementary and alternative medicine , evidence-based medicine

Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğunda Tamamlayıcı ve Alternatif Tedaviler: Kapsamlı Bir Gözden Geçirme

https://izlik.org/JA47XP99PJ

Öz

Bu derleme makale, otizm spektrum bozukluğu (OSB) olan çocuk ve ergenlerde tamamlayıcı ve alternatif tedavi (TAT) yaklaşımlarını kapsamlı bir şekilde incelemektedir. OSB'li bireylerde TAT kullanım oranları %28-95 arasında değişmekte olup, aileler bu yöntemlere geleneksel tedavilere yetersiz yanıt, yan etki endişeleri ve "doğal" tedavi arayışı nedeniyle yönelmektedir. Makalede biyolojik temelli müdahaleler (glutensiz-kazeinsiz diyet, ketojenik diyet, omega-3 takviyeleri, vitaminler, probiyotikler, melatonin), zihin-beden uygulamaları (yoga, müzik terapisi, masaj) ve manipülatif terapiler (hipoterapi, duyusal bütünleme) ele alınmaktadır. Melatonin ve müzik terapisi güçlü kanıt düzeyine sahipken, şelasyon tedavisi ve hiperbarik oksijen terapisi gibi riskli ve etkisiz yöntemler önerilmemektedir. Glutensiz-kazeinsiz diyet, probiyotikler ve omega-3 için kanıtlar tutarsız olup bireysel değerlendirme gerektirmektedir. Klinisyenlerin ailelerle yargılamayan, açık iletişim kurarak kanıta dayalı rehberlik sunması kritik öneme sahiptir. TAT uygulamalarının standart tedavilerle entegre edilmesi, somut hedeflerle izlenmesi ve potansiyel risklerin göz önünde bulundurulması gerekmektedir. Gelecekte fenotipik heterojeniteyi dikkate alan kontrollü çalışmalara ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Özellikle ebeveynlerin yarısından fazlası TAT seçeneklerini çocuklarının hekimiyle tartışmayı tercih etse de, hekimlerin TAT konusunda yeterli bilgiye sahip olmadığı algısı bildirimde bulunmada isteksizliğe yol açabilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

otizm spektrum bozukluğu , tamamlayıcı ve alternatif tedavi , kanıta dayalı tıp

Kaynakça

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