Deprem Sonrası Ergenler Üzerinde Grup Terapisinin Psikososyal Etkileri: Sistematik İnceleme

Öz

Bu çalışma, deprem gibi büyük ölçekli travmatik olayların ardından ergenlere uygulanan grup terapisi müdahalelerinin psikososyal etkilerini incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. 2000 ile 2023 yılları arasında yayınlanan bilimsel makaleler sistematik olarak incelenmiştir. PubMed ve Google Akademik veri tabanlarından erişilen ve dahil edilme kriterlerini karşılayan toplam sekiz çalışma incelemeye dahil edilmiştir. Uygulanan terapötik müdahaleler, bilişsel davranışçı terapi (CBT), sanat terapisi, Göz Hareketleriyle Duyarsızlaştırma ve Yeniden İşleme (EMDR), psiko-eğitim ve kum tepsisi terapisi gibi çeşitli yaklaşımları kapsamaktadır. Bulgular, CBT ve EMDR 'nin travma sonrası stres bozukluğu (PTSD) semptomlarını azaltmada en etkili yaklaşımlar olduğunu, sanat terapisi ve kum tepsisi terapisinin ise duygusal ifadeyi ve psikolojik dayanıklılığı kolaylaştırdığını göstermiştir. Bulgular, grup terapisinin, özellikle bilişsel-davranışçı terapi, sanat terapisi ve oyun terapisi yoluyla, travma sonrası yaşanan duygusal ve davranışsal sorunların azaltılmasında önemli bir rol oynadığını göstermektedir. Ancak, grup terapisi müdahalelerinin uzun vadeli etkilerinin daha fazla araştırılması gerektiği vurgulanmaktadır. Bu sistematik inceleme, deprem sonrası ergenler için grup terapisi müdahalelerinin önemini vurgulamakta ve gelecekteki müdahalelerin geliştirilmesi için rehberlik sağlamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• depremler
• ergenler
• grup terapisi
• psikososyal etkiler
• travma sonrası stres bozukluğu

Psychosocial Effects of the Group Therapy on Adolescents after an Earthquake: A Systematic Review

Abstract

This study aims to examine the psychosocial effects of group therapy interventions with adolescents following large-scale traumatic events such as earthquakes. A systematic review of scientific articles published between 2000 and 2023 was conducted. A total of eight studies that met the inclusion criteria and were accessed from the PubMed and Google Scholar databases were included in the review. The therapeutic interventions administered encompassed a range of approaches, including cognitive‒behavioral therapy (CBT), art therapy, eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), psychoeducation, and sand tray therapy. The findings indicated that CBT and EMDR were the most efficacious approaches for reducing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, whereas art therapy and sand tray therapy facilitated emotional expression and psychological resilience. The results suggest that group therapy plays an important role in reducing emotional and behavioral problems experienced after trauma, especially through cognitive‒behavioral therapy, art therapy, and play therapy. However, emphasis is placed on the necessity for further investigation into the long-term effects of group therapy interventions. This systematic review underscores the importance of group therapy interventions for adolescents in the aftermath of earthquakes, offering guidance for the development of future interventions.

Keywords

• earthquake
• Adolescents
• Group Therapy
• Psychosocial Effects
• Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

Kaynakça

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