Ruhsal Bozukluğu olan Suriye Uyruklu Göçmenlerde İçselleştirilmiş Damgalanma ve Tedaviye Uyum Arasındaki İlişki

Öz

Amaç: Türkiye’deki Suriye uyruklu göçmenler, depresyon ve travma sonrası stres bozukluğu gibi yüksek oranda ruhsal bozukluklarla karşı karşıya olup, bu durum içselleştirilmiş damgalanma ve tedaviye uyum engelleriyle daha da karmaşık hale gelmektedir. İçselleştirilmiş damgalanma ile tedaviye uyum arasındaki ilişkinin anlaşılması, bu nüfus için etkili ruhsal sağlık müdahalelerinin geliştirilmesi açısından kritik öneme sahiptir. Bu çalışma, Türkiye’deki psikotrop ilaç kullanan Suriye uyruklu göçmenlerin içselleştirilmiş damgalanma ve tedaviye uyum düzeylerini değerlendirmeyi ve bu iki değişken arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemeyi amaçlamıştır. Yöntem: Kesitsel ve ilişki arayıcı bir çalışma, Ocak-Mayıs 2024 tarihleri arasında İstanbul’da, ruhsal bozukluk tanısı almış ve psikotrop ilaç kullanan 110 Suriye uyruklu göçmenle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veriler, gelişigüzel örnekleme yöntemiyle Bilgi Formu, Ruhsal Hastalıkların İçselleştirilmiş Damgalanması Ölçeği (RHİDÖ) Arapça Formu ve İlaç Uyumu Bildirim Ölçeği (İUBÖ) kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Bulgular: İçselleştirilmiş damgalanma (RHİDÖ) ile tedaviye uyum (İUBÖ) arasında anlamlı bir korelasyon bulunmamıştır (r = -0.16, p = 0.96). Ancak, cinsiyet ve çocuk sahibi olma durumu, içselleştirilmiş damgalanmanın anlamlı belirleyicileri olarak saptanmıştır (R² = 0.21, p < 0.001); kadınlar ve çocuk sahibi olan katılımcılar daha yüksek damgalanma düzeyleri bildirmiştir. Tedaviye uyum orta düzeyde olup, sosyodemografik veya ruhsal sağlıkla ilgili özelliklerle anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmamıştır. Sonuç: İçselleştirilmiş damgalanma ile tedaviye uyum arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmamakla birlikte, cinsiyet ve ebeveynlik durumu damgalanmanın temel belirleyicileri olarak öne çıkmıştır. Ruh sağlığı uzmanları, tedaviye uyumu etkileyen faktörleri belirlemeye odaklanmalı ve özellikle kadın göçmenler ile çocuk sahibi olanlar için içselleştirilmiş damgalanmayı azaltmaya yönelik hedefe yönelik müdahaleler uygulamalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• sosyal damgalama
• tedaviye uyum
• mülteciler

Relationship between Internalized Stigmatization and Treatment Adherence among Syrian Refugees with Mental Disorders

Öz

Objective: Syrian refugees in Türkiye face significant mental health challenges, including high rates of disorders such as depression and post-traumatic stress disorder, compounded by internalized stigma and barriers to treatment adherence. Understanding the relationship between internalized stigma and treatment adherence is critical for developing effective mental health interventions for this population. This study aimed to assess the levels of internalized stigma and treatment adherence among Syrian refugees in Türkiye using psychotropic medication and to investigate the relationship between these variables. Methods: A cross-sectional, correlational study was conducted in Istanbul from January to May 2024, involving 110 Syrian refugees diagnosed with mental disorders and prescribed psychotropic medication. Data were collected using random sampling through the Information Form, the Arabic version of the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness Scale (ISMI), and the Medication Adherence Reporting Scale (MARS). Results: No significant correlation was found between internalized stigma (ISMI) and treatment adherence (MARS) (r = -0.16, p = 0.96). However, gender and having children were significant predictors of internalized stigma (R² = 0.21, p < 0.001), with females and participants with children reporting higher stigma levels. Treatment adherence was moderate, with no significant associations with sociodemographic or mental health-related characteristics. Conclusion: While internalized stigma did not significantly correlate with treatment adherence, gender and parental status were key determinants of stigma. Mental health professionals should focus on identifying factors affecting treatment adherence and implement targeted interventions to reduce internalized stigma, particularly for female refugees and those with children, to improve mental health outcomes.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• social stigmatization
• refugees
• treatment adherence

Kaynakça

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