Cognitive Effects of Digital Technology Use in Young Adults: A Scoping Review

Abstract

Examining the cognitive effects of digital technology use in young adults will contribute to scientific knowledge and guide education and health. This scoping review aims to evaluate the cognitive effects of digital technology use in young adults as a result of the search conducted in DergiPark, Science Direct, Wiley Online Library, Medline Plus, DOAJ, PubMed, EBSCO, Scopus, Web of Science, IEEExplore, and ACM Digital Library databases without any time limitation. Twelve studies that meet the criteria were included in the review by the researchers. The included studies examined the cognitive effects of digital technology use in terms of memory, learning, and information processing in the included studies. Most studies showed that digital technology use creates adverse cognitive effects such as low recall accuracy, decreased neural activity in brain regions associated with memory, comprehension and transcribing issues about information, self-confidence problems during answering recall tests, forgetfulness about future events, and misinterpretation of the remembering process. According to the research findings, addiction to digital technology, trust in the process of recording information, cognitive effort shown in accessing and using information, and different methods used in recording information were determined as factors affecting the emergence of adverse cognitive effects. These results indicate that methodologically strong and comprehensive studies are necessary to understand the cognitive effects of digital technology use.

Keywords

• Digital technology
• digital amnesia
• digital dementia
• google effect
• scoping review

Genç Yetişkinlerde Dijital Teknoloji Kullanımının Bilişsel Etkileri: Bir Kapsam Derlemesi

Öz

Genç yetişkinlerde dijital teknoloji kullanımının bilişsel etkilerinin incelenmesi hem bilimsel bilgiye katkı sağlayacak hem de eğitim ve sağlık alanlarında yol gösterici olacaktır. Bu kapsam derlemesi, DergiPark, Science Direct, Wiley Online Library, Medline Plus, DOAJ, PubMed, EBSCO, Scopus, Web of Science, IEEExplore ve ACM Digital Library veri tabanlarında zaman sınırlaması olmaksızın yapılan tarama sonucunda genç yetişkinlerde dijital teknoloji kullanımının bilişsel etkilerini değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Kriterleri karşılayan 12 çalışma araştırmacılar tarafından derlemeye dahil edilmiştir. Dahil edilen çalışmalar dijital teknoloji kullanımının bilişsel etkilerini hafıza, öğrenme ve bilgi işleme yönlerinden incelemiştir. Çoğu çalışma dijital teknoloji kullanımının doğru hatırlamada azalma, hafıza ile ilişkili beyin bölgelerindeki nöral aktivitenin azalması, bilgiyle ilgili anlama ve yazıya dökme sorunları, hatırlama testlerini cevaplarken kendine güvenip güvenmeme, gelecekle ilgili unutkanlık ve hatırlama sürecinin yanlış yorumlanması gibi olumsuz bilişsel etkilere yol açtığını göstermiştir. Araştırma bulgularına göre, dijital teknolojiye bağımlılık, bilgiyi kaydetme sürecine duyulan güven, bilgiye erişme ve bilgiyi kullanma sürecinde gösterilen bilişsel çaba ve bilgiyi kaydetmede kullanılan farklı yöntemler olumsuz bilişsel etkilerin ortaya çıkmasını etkileyen faktörler olarak belirlenmiştir. Bu sonuçlar, dijital teknoloji kullanımının bilişsel etkilerinin anlaşılabilmesi için metodolojik açıdan güçlü ve kapsamlı çalışmalara ihtiyaç duyulduğunu göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Dijital teknoloji
• dijital amnezi
• dijital demans
• google etkisi
• kapsam derlemesi

Kaynakça

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