Yetişkin Psikopatolojisinde Transdiyagnostik Bir Hedef Olarak Kişilerarası Duygu Düzenleme

Öz

Kişilerarası duygu düzenleme, bireylerin duygularını sosyal ilişkiler aracılığıyla yönetme yollarını ifade eder. Uzun yıllar boyunca duygu düzenleme yalnızca bireysel bir beceri olarak görülmüş, yeniden değerlendirme ya da bastırma gibi içsel stratejilere odaklanılmıştır. Oysa son on yıldaki bulgular, başkalarından destek arama, duyguları saklama ya da aşırı bağımlılık geliştirme gibi eş-düzenleme örüntülerinin psikopatolojinin ortaya çıkışında ve sürmesinde belirleyici olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu derlemede 2015–2025 yılları arasında yayımlanan kuramsal ve ampirik çalışmalar bir araya getirilerek kişilerarası duygu düzenlemenin depresyon, anksiyete, kişilik bozuklukları ve travma ilişkili bozukluklar başta olmak üzere farklı klinik tablolardaki işleyişi ele alınmaktadır. Bulgular, destekleyici eş-düzenleme süreçlerinin koruyucu işlev görebildiğini; buna karşılık duygusal geçersizleştirme ya da kişilerarası kaçınmanın semptomları ağırlaştırabildiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Mevcut psikoterapi yaklaşımlarının çoğu kişilerarası duygu düzenlemeye dolaylı biçimde değinse de, bu süreci doğrudan hedefleyen teknikler oldukça sınırlıdır. Bu boşluk, alandaki kuramsal belirsizlikler ve kültürel sınırlılıklar ile birleştiğinde, daha ilişkisel ve kültürel açıdan uyarlanmış duygu düzenleme modellerinin geliştirilmesi gerektiğini göstermektedir. Sonuç olarak, kişilerarası duygu düzenleme, yetişkin psikopatolojisinde ihmal edilmiş ancak merkezi önemde bir süreç olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Bu sürecin daha net tanımlanması, kültürel çeşitliliğin hesaba katılması ve klinik müdahalelere entegre edilmesi, duygusal iyilik halini destekleyen daha etkili ve kapsamlı bir psikoterapi anlayışının gelişmesini mümkün kılacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• kişilerarası duygu düzenleme
• transdiyagnostik süreçler
• yetişkin psikopatolojisi

Interpersonal Emotion Regulation as a Transdiagnostic Target in Adult Psychopathology

Abstract

Interpersonal emotion regulation refers to the ways people use their relationships to manage emotional experiences. Most of the literature has treated regulation as an intrapersonal skill, emphasizing strategies such as reappraisal or suppression carried out in isolation. Over the past decade, however, evidence has shown that patterns of co-regulation—seeking comfort, withholding emotion in close ties, or relying heavily on others—play a central role in both the development and persistence of psychopathology. This review synthesizes theoretical and empirical work published between 2015 and 2025, highlighting interpersonal emotion regulation as a transdiagnostic process with relevance for mood, anxiety, personality, and trauma-related disorders. Supportive co-regulation emerges as a buffer against distress, while invalidation, avoidance, or overdependence within relationships tend to worsen symptoms. Although many therapies touch on these dynamics indirectly, very few target them as mechanisms of change. The review therefore calls for intervention models that frame emotion regulation not only as an individual capacity but also as a relational and culturally embedded process. In conclusion, interpersonal emotion regulation stands out as a neglected yet central process in adult psychopathology. A clearer definition of this process, taking cultural diversity into account and integrating it into clinical interventions, will enable the development of a more effective and comprehensive understanding of psychotherapy that supports emotional well-being.

Keywords

• Interpersonal emotion regulation
• transdiagnostic processes
• adult psychopathology

Kaynakça

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