Effect of Mindfulness-Based Psychoeducation on Nursing Students’ Beliefs, Social Distance, and Stigmatization Toward Mental Illness: A Quasi-Experimental Study

Öz

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of mindfulness-based psychoeducation on nursing students’ beliefs about mental illnesses, social distance, and stigma. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted with second-year nursing students at Aydın Adnan Menderes University. Initially, 280 students were screened using the Beliefs Toward Mental Illness Scale (BMIS). Based on inclusion criteria, 84 students with high BMIS scores were enrolled. After attrition, 49 participants (25 in the intervention group and 24 in the control group) completed the study and were included in the final analysis. Data were collected using the BMIS, the Social Distance Scale, and the Mental Illness: Clinicians’ Attitudes Scale for Healthcare Providers. Results: At baseline, no statistically significant differences were found between the intervention and control groups in the BMIS subscales-Dangerousness, Poor Interpersonal and Social Skills, and Incurability. Following psychoeducation, belief scores also showed no significant changes. In contrast, a significant reduction in social distance was observed in the intervention group, with the most pronounced improvement at the one month follow-up and sustained at three months. Stigmatization scores also declined significantly in the intervention group, with effects becoming more evident at the three month assessment. No significant changes were detected in the control group during any measurement period. Conclusion: Mindfulness-based psychoeducation appears to produce gradual and sustained reductions in social distance and stigma perceptions, although it does not lead to significant short-term changes in beliefs about mental illness.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Beliefs
• Mental Illness
• Nursing
• Social Distance
• Stigma

Hemşirelik Öğrencilerine Verilen Farkındalık Temelli Psikoeğitimin Ruhsal Hastalıklara Yönelik İnanç, Sosyal Mesafe ve Damgalamaya Etkisi: Yarı Deneysel Bir Çalışma

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışma, hemşirelik öğrencilerine uygulanan farkındalık temelli psikoeğitimin ruhsal hastalıklara yönelik inançlar, sosyal mesafe ve damgalama tutumları üzerindeki etkilerini değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Yöntem: Yarı deneysel tasarımla yürütülen bu araştırmada, Aydın Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi 2. sınıf öğrencilerinden 280 kişiye Ruhsal Hastalıklara Yönelik İnanç Ölçeği (RHYİÖ) uygulanmıştır. Araştırmada, RHYİÖ uygulanan 280 öğrenciden yüksek puan alan 84’ü çalışmaya uygun bulunmuş ve kura ile müdahale (n=42) ve kontrol (n=42) gruplarına ayrılmıştır. Ancak örneklem kaybı nedeniyle ön test verileri 25 müdahale, 24 kontrol öğrencisinden toplanabilmiştir. Zaman içinde katılım azalmış; son test, 1. ve 3. ay takipleri daha az sayıda öğrenciyle tamamlanmıştır. Veriler RHYİÖ, Sosyal Mesafe Ölçeği ve Sağlık Çalışanlarının Ruhsal Hastalıklara Yönelik Damgalama Ölçeği ile toplanmıştır. Bulgular: Müdahale ve kontrol gruplarının ruhsal hastalıklara yönelik inanç alt ölçek puanları olan Tehlikeli Alt Ölçeği, Çaresizlik ve Kişilerarası İlişkilerde Bozulma Alt Ölçeği ve Utanma Alt Ölçeği arasında başlangıçta anlamlı fark görülmemiştir. Eğitim sonrası inanç puanlarında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir değişiklik saptanmamıştır. Sosyal mesafe puanlarında müdahale grubunda anlamlı bir azalma belirlenmiş olup, bu azalma özellikle 1. ayda ortaya çıkmış ve 3. ayda da sürdürülmüştür. Damgalama ölçeği puanları da müdahale grubunda anlamlı olarak azalmış, etkiler 3. ayda daha belirgin hale gelmiştir. Kontrol grubunda ise anlamlı değişiklikler gözlemlenmemiştir. Sonuç: Farkındalık temelli psikoeğitimin, sosyal mesafe ve damgalama algısını azaltmada etkili olduğu ancak ruhsal hastalıklara yönelik inançlarda kısa vadede belirgin bir değişiklik yaratmadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Damgalama
• Hemşirelik
• İnanç
• Ruhsal Hastalık
• Sosyal Mesafe

Kaynakça

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