Ebeveynin Aşırı Koruma ve Aşırı Kontrolü ile Çocuğun İçselleştirme ve Dışsallaştırma Sorunları Arasındaki İlişki: Bir Seri Aracılık Analizi

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışma, ebeveyn aşırı koruma ve aşırı kontrolünün çocuğun içselleştirme ve dışsallaştırma sorunları ile ilişkisinde çocuğun duygu düzenleme becerilerinin ve yalnızlığının aracı rolünü incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Yöntem: Çalışma Denizli’de ortaokullara devam eden 400 öğrenci (Ort = 12,08, SS = 1,20) ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmaya katılan öğrencilerin %58’i (n = 232) kızdır. Katılımcılara sınıf ortamında Demografik Bilgi Formu, Güçler Güçlükler Envanteri, Yeniden Düzenlenmiş ve Genişletilmiş Çocukluk Çağı Ruhsal Travmalar Ölçeği-Aşırı Koruma ve Kontrol Alt Boyutu, Çocuklar için Duygu Düzenleme Ölçeği ve UCLA Yalnızlık Ölçeği-Kısa Formu uygulanmıştır. Bulgular: Ebeveynin aşırı koruma ve aşırı kontrolü tüm değişkenlerle istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir şekilde ilişkilidir. SPSS Macro uzantısı kullanılarak yürütülen modele göre, ebeveynin aşırı koruma ve aşırı kontrolünün çocuğun içselleştirme ve dışsallaştırma sorunları ile doğrudan ilişkili olduğu bulunmuştur (etki = 0,97, SH = ,09, p < .001, %95 GA [0,80 – 1,15]). Ebeveynin aşırı koruma ve aşırı kontrolü ile çocuğun içselleştirme ve dışsallaştırma sorunları arasındaki ilişkide duygu düzenleme becerileri ve yalnızlığın anlamlı bir dolaylı etkisi olduğu saptanmıştır (sırasıyla; etki = 0,32, SH = 0,047, %95 GA [0,23, 0,42]; etki = 0,24, SH = 0,05, %95 GA [0,15, 0,36]). Ayrıca, duygu düzenleme becerileri ve yalnızlık değişkenlerinin ardışık olarak birlikte aracılık ettiği yol da anlamlı bulunmuştur (etki = 0,11, SH = 0,02, %95 GA [0,07, 0,16]). Sonuç: Bu çalışmanın bulguları, ebeveynin aşırı koruma ve aşırı kontrolünün çocuğun içselleştirme ve dışsallaştırma sorunlarıyla yalnızca doğrudan ilişkili olmadığını, bu ilişkide duygu düzenleme becerileri ve yalnızlık değişkenlerinin dolaylı etkilerinin de bulunduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Bu yönüyle çalışma hem kuramsal hem de uygulamalı literatüre önemli katkılar sunmaktadır. Bu bulgular, çocukların içselleştirme ve dışsallaştırma sorunlarını azaltmaya yönelik müdahale programlarında, çocuğun duygu düzenleme becerilerinin ve sosyal ilişkilerinin güçlendirilmesinin yanı sıra ebeveynin aşırı koruma ve aşırı kontrol davranışlarının azaltılmasına da odaklanılması gerektiğine işaret etmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ebeveynlik
• ebeveyn-çocuk ilişkileri
• duygu düzenleme
• yalnızlık
• ruh sağlığı problemleri

Relationship Between Parental Overprotection and Overcontrol and Child Internalizing and Externalizing Problems: A Serial Mediation Analysis

Öz

Objective: This study aimed to examine the mediating role of emotion regulation and loneliness in the relationship between parental overprotection and overcontrol and children’s internalizing and externalizing problems. Method: The study was conducted with 400 secondary school students (M = 12.08, SD = 1.20) in Denizli. Fifty-eight percent of the participants (n = 232) were girls. In a classroom setting, participants completed the Demographic Information Form, the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, the Revised and Expanded Childhood Trauma Questionnaire – Overprotection and Overcontrol Subscale, the Emotion Regulation Scale for Children, and the UCLA Loneliness Scale-Short Form. Results: Parental overprotection and overcontrol were significantly associated with all variables. According to the model assessed using the SPSS Macro, parental overprotection and overcontrol were directly related to children’s internalizing and externalizing problems (effect = 0.97, SE = .09, p < .001, 95% CI [0.80, 1.15]). Emotion regulation skills and loneliness were found to have significant indirect effects on the relationship between parental overprotection and overcontrol and internalizing and externalizing problems (effect = 0.32, SE = 0.047, 95% CI [0.23, 0.42]; effect = 0.24, SE = 0.05, 95% CI [0.15, 0.36], respectively). Moreover, the sequential mediating pathway involving both emotion regulation skills and loneliness was also significant (effect = 0.11, SE = 0.02, 95% CI [0.07, 0.16]). Conclusion: The findings revealed that parental overprotection and overcontrol are not only directly related to children’s internalizing and externalizing problems but also indirectly related through the mediating roles of emotion regulation skills and loneliness. In this respect, the study provides important contributions to both theoretical and applied literature. These findings highlight the need for intervention programs aimed at reducing children’s internalizing and externalizing problems to focus not only on strengthening emotion regulation skills and social relationships but also on reducing parental overprotection and overcontrol behaviors.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Parenting
• parent–child relationships
• emotion regulation
• loneliness
• mental health problems

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