Göçmen Ergenlerde Algılanan Ayrımcılık ve İçselleştirme Belirtileri: Sistematik Derleme

Öz

Bu çalışma, göçmen ergenlerde algılanan ayrımcılık ile içselleştirme belirtileri arasındaki ilişkiyi inceleyen araştırmaları sistematik olarak derlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Sistematik tarama, Google Scholar ve PubMed veri tabanlarında yürütülmüş; Ocak 1993 ile Mayıs 2025 arasında yayımlanan çalışmalar değerlendirilmiştir. Arama stratejisinde "immigrant adolescents", "migrant youth", "refugee adolescents", "perceived discrimination" ve "internalizing symptoms" anahtar kelimeleri Boolean operatörleriyle birlikte kullanılmıştır. Tarama sonucunda 198 çalışmaya ulaşılmış; tekrar eden 37 çalışma çıkarıldıktan sonra kalan 161 çalışmanın başlık ve özetleri incelenmiş, dahil etme kriterlerini karşılamayan 64 makale elenmiştir. Tam metin incelenen 97 çalışmadan 69’u çeşitli nedenlerle dışlanmış, 28 çalışma analize dahil edilmiştir. İncelenen araştırmalar ABD, Kanada, Avrupa ve Avustralya ve Türkiye’de yürütülmüştür. Bulgular, algılanan ayrımcılığın depresyon, anksiyete, psikosomatik belirtiler, obsesif-kompulsif bozukluk ve travma sonrası stres bozukluğu gibi içselleştirici psikopatolojilerle anlamlı ve güçlü bir ilişki gösterdiğini ortaya koymuştur. Ayrıca benlik saygısı, ailecilik, ayrımcılığın bilişsel değerlendirilmesi ve sosyoekonomik statü gibi aracı; etnik kimlik, kültürleşme, aile desteği, geleneksel aile değerleri, yaş ve transkültürel kimlik gibi düzenleyici değişkenlerin bu ilişkide önemli rol oynadığı belirlenmiştir. Bu bulgular, ayrımcılık deneyimlerinin göçmen ergenlerin ruh sağlığı açısından ciddi bir risk faktörü olduğunu ve önleyici ruh sağlığı politikalarının geliştirilmesinde dikkate alınması gerektiğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Algılanan ayrımcılık
• etnik kimlik ve kültürleşme
• göçmen ergenler
• içselleştirme

Perceived Discrimination and Symptoms of Internalization in Migrant Adolescents: A Systematic Review

Abstract

This study aims to systematically review research examining the relationship between perceived discrimination and internalization symptoms in immigrant adolescents. A systematic search was conducted in the Google Scholar and PubMed databases; studies published between January 1993 and May 2025 were evaluated. The search strategy used the keywords "immigrant adolescents," "migrant youth," "refugee adolescents," "perceived discrimination," and "internalizing symptoms" together with Boolean operators. The search yielded 198 studies; after removing 37 duplicate studies, the titles and abstracts of the remaining 161 studies were reviewed, and 64 articles that did not meet the inclusion criteria were excluded. Of the 97 studies whose full text was reviewed, 69 were excluded for various reasons, and 28 studies were included in the analysis. The studies reviewed were conducted in countries such as the US, Canada, Europe, Türkiye and Australia. The findings revealed that perceived discrimination showed a meaningful and strong relationship with internalizing psychopathologies such as depression, anxiety, psychosomatic symptoms, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Mediating variables such as self-esteem, family cohesion, cognitive appraisal of discrimination, and socioeconomic status, as well as moderating variables such as ethnic identity, acculturation, family support, traditional family values, age, and transcultural identity, were found to play an important role in this relationship. These findings indicate that experiences of discrimination are a serious risk factor for the mental health of immigrant adolescents and should be taken into account in the development of preventive mental health policies

Keywords

• Perceived discrimination
• ethnic identity and acculturation
• immigrant adolescents
• internalization

Kaynakça

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