Development and Validation of a New Self-Care Scale: Self-Care Assessment for Employees (SAFE)
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to develop and psychometrically validate the Self-Care Assessment for Employees (SAFE), a multidimensional instrument assessing physical, psychosocial, occupational, and mental self-care. Method: A total of 979 healthcare professionals completed an online survey. After excluding 11 responses due to random response patterns, 968 participants were included in the analyses and randomly divided into two subsamples for exploratory factor analysis (EFA; n =484) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA; n =484). Results: The Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin value was .927, and Bartlett’s test of sphericity was significant, indicating sampling adequacy. EFA revealed a four-factor structure explaining 51.52% of the total variance. During CFA, one item with a standardized loading below .40 was removed, resulting in a final 23-item scale. The four-factor model demonstrated acceptable fit (χ²/df = 2.86, CFI = .918, TLI = .906, RMSEA = .062). Standardized factor loadings ranged from .51 to .79. Composite reliability values exceeded .70 for all factors, and convergent and discriminant validity were generally supported. Conclusion: The SAFE demonstrated satisfactory psychometric properties and provides a comprehensive framework for assessing multidimensional self-care and motivational readiness among employees.
Keywords
Kaynakça
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Ayrıntılar
Birincil Dil
İngilizce
Konular
Endüstriyel ve Örgütsel Psikoloji (İnsan Faktörleri Dahil) , Psikolojik Metodoloji, Tasarım ve Analiz
Bölüm
Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar
Esra Alataş
0000-0002-9629-7309
Türkiye
Fatih Yığman
*
0000-0001-6052-7662
Türkiye
Emre Üstdağ
0000-0001-7125-9552
Türkiye
Fatmagül Ertuğrul
0000-0003-1942-0411
Türkiye
Erken Görünüm Tarihi
9 Mart 2026
Yayımlanma Tarihi
9 Mart 2026
Gönderilme Tarihi
2 Aralık 2025
Kabul Tarihi
7 Mart 2026
Yayımlandığı Sayı
Yıl 2026 Sayı: Advanced Online Publication
