Durumluk Utanç ve Suçluluk Ölçeği’nin Türkçe Uyarlaması ve Psikometrik Özellikleri

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, 15 maddelik Durumluk Utanç ve Suçluluk Ölçeği’ni (State Shame and Guilt Scale, SSGS) Türkçeye uyarlamak; Türkçe formun yapı geçerliğini, yakınsak ve ayırt edici geçerliğini, cinsiyete göre ölçme değişmezliğini ve güvenirliğini incelemektir. Yöntem: Araştırmaya yaşları 18-76 arasında değişen 450 yetişkin dahil edilmiştir (Ort. = 28,36; SS = 11,14). Yapı geçerliği, temel eksenler faktörleştirmesine dayalı açımlayıcı faktör analizi (AFA) ve doğrulayıcı faktör analiziyle (DFA) incelenmiştir. Cinsiyete göre biçimsel, metrik ve skalar değişmezlik çok gruplu DFA ile sınanmıştır. Yakınsak geçerlik, durumluk ve sürekli kaygı ile anlık duygudurum puanlarıyla ilişkiler üzerinden; ayırt edici geçerlik ise heterotrait-monotrait (HTMT) oranlarıyla değerlendirilmiştir. Güvenirlik Cronbach alfa, McDonald omega ve Guttman iki-yarı katsayılarıyla incelenmiştir. Bulgular: AFA’da paralel analiz dört faktör önermekle birlikte, dört faktörlü çözüm basit ve kuramsal olarak yorumlanabilir bir yapı göstermemiştir. Üç faktörlü çözüm toplam varyansın %48,4’ünü açıklamış ve DFA’da kabul edilebilir-iyi uyum göstermiştir (χ²(87) = 223, CFI = ,949, TLI = ,938, SRMR = ,044 ve RMSEA = ,059). Üç faktörlü model, tek faktörlü alternatiften belirgin biçimde daha iyi uyum göstermiştir. Alfa katsayıları ,795-,831, omega katsayıları ,800-,831 aralığındadır. Sonuç: Bulgular, SSGS Türkçe formunda özgün utanç, suçluluk ve gurur boyutlarının korunduğunu, alt boyut puanlarının kadın ve erkeklerde büyük ölçüde karşılaştırılabilir biçimde yorumlanabileceğini ve ölçeğin durumluk öz bilinç duygularının değerlendirilmesinde geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olarak kullanılabileceğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• utanç
• suçluluk
• duygular
• psikometri
• psikolojik testler

Turkish Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of the State Shame and Guilt Scale

Öz

Objective: This study aimed to adapt the 15-item State Shame and Guilt Scale (SSGS) into Turkish and examine the structural, convergent, and discriminant validity, measurement invariance across gender, and reliability of the Turkish form. Method: The study included 450 adults aged 18-76 years (M = 28.36, SD = 11.14). Structural validity was examined using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) with principal axis factoring and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Configural, metric, and scalar invariance across gender were tested using multigroup CFA. Convergent validity was evaluated through associations with state and trait anxiety and current mood, whereas discriminant validity was assessed using heterotrait-monotrait (HTMT) ratios. Reliability was examined using Cronbach’s alpha, McDonald’s omega, and Guttman split-half coefficients. Results: Although parallel analysis suggested four factors in EFA, the four-factor solution did not yield a simple and theoretically interpretable structure. The three-factor solution explained 48.4% of the total variance and showed acceptable-to-good fit in the CFA (χ²(87) = 223, CFI = .949, TLI = .938, SRMR = .044, and RMSEA = .059). The three-factor model showed substantially better fit than the one-factor alternative. Alpha coefficients ranged from .795 to .831, and omega coefficients ranged from .800 to .831. Conclusion: The findings indicate that the original shame, guilt, and pride dimensions were retained in the Turkish SSGS, that the subscale scores can be interpreted as largely comparable across women and men, and that the scale can be used as a valid and reliable measure of state self-conscious emotions.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• shame
• guilt
• emotions
• psychometrics
• psychological tests

Kaynakça

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