The DMFT Index and Its Association with Psychiatric Symptom Severity among Inpatients with Psychotic Disorders

Öz

Objective: This study aimed to compare oral health status, including the Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT) index and its components, between hospitalized patients with psychotic disorders and healthy controls and to examine associations between DMFT and psychiatric symptom severity assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD), and Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS). Method: This study included 50 inpatients with schizophrenia (n = 18), bipolar disorder (n = 18), or schizoaffective disorder (n = 14) and 50 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Electronic records and panoramic radiographs obtained between 2020 and 2025 were reviewed. DMFT scores were determined according to World Health Organization (WHO) criteria, excluding third molars. Results: Patients with psychotic disorders had higher numbers of decayed teeth and missing teeth, as well as higher DMFT scores, than healthy controls. Unadjusted filled-teeth counts were similar between groups but were higher in the psychiatric group after age adjustment (incidence rate ratio [IRR] = 1.867, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.266–2.752). DMFT was positively correlated with PANSS, HAMD, and YMRS. After age adjustment, DMFT counts were approximately threefold higher in the psychiatric group (IRR = 3.011, 95% CI: 2.439–3.719). Conclusion: Inpatients with psychotic disorders had a substantially greater oral disease burden than healthy controls. Findings support integrating preventive oral healthcare into the multidisciplinary management of patients with psychotic disorders.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• psychotic disorders
• schizophrenia
• DMFT
• oral health

Psikotik Bozukluğu Olan Yatan Hastalarda DMFT İndeksi ve Psikiyatrik Semptom Şiddeti İlişkisi

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, psikotik bozukluğu olan yatan hastalar ile sağlıklı kontrollerin Çürük, Eksik ve Dolgulu Dişler (DMFT) indeksi ve bileşenlerini içeren ağız sağlığı durumlarını karşılaştırmak ve DMFT ile Pozitif ve Negatif Sendrom Ölçeği (PANSS), Hamilton Depresyon Derecelendirme Ölçeği (HAMD) ve Young Mani Derecelendirme Ölçeği (YMRS) ile değerlendirilen psikiyatrik belirti şiddeti arasındaki ilişkileri incelemektir. Yöntem: Bu retrospektif karşılaştırmalı çalışmaya şizofreni (n = 18), bipolar bozukluk (n = 18) veya şizoaffektif bozukluk (n = 14) tanısı bulunan, psikiyatri kliniğinde yatarak tedavi gören 50 hasta ile yaş ve cinsiyet açısından eşleştirilmiş 50 sağlıklı kontrol dahil edilmiştir. 2020–2025 yılları arasında elde edilen elektronik kayıtlar ve panoramik radyografiler incelenmiştir. DMFT skorları, üçüncü molar dişler hariç tutularak Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (DSÖ) kriterlerine göre belirlenmiştir. Bulgular: Psikotik bozukluğu olan hastalarda sağlıklı kontrollere kıyasla çürük diş sayısı, eksik diş sayısı ve DMFT skoru daha yüksekti. Düzeltilmemiş dolgulu diş sayıları gruplar arasında benzerken, yaşa göre düzeltme sonrasında psikiyatrik grupta daha yüksekti (insidans hız oranı [IRR] = 1,867; %95 güven aralığı [GA]: 1,266–2,752). DMFT; PANSS, HAMD ve YMRSile pozitif korelasyon gösterdi. Yaşa göre düzeltme sonrasında psikiyatrik gruptaki DMFT sayısı yaklaşık üç kat daha yüksekti (IRR = 3,011; %95 GA: 2,439–3,719). Sonuç: Psikotik bozukluğu olan yatan hastalarda oral hastalık yükü sağlıklı kontrollere göre belirgin olarak daha yüksekti. Bu bulgular, koruyucu ağız sağlığı hizmetlerinin psikotik bozukluğu olan hastaların multidisipliner yönetimine entegre edilmesini desteklemektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• psikotik bozukluk
• şizofreni
• DMFT
• ağız sağlığı

Kaynakça

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