Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu Tanılı Çocuk ve Ergenlerde Aktif Psikotrop İlaç Kullanımı ve İlişkili Klinik Özellikler

Öz

Amaç: Otizm spektrum bozukluğu (OSB) olan çocuk ve ergenlerde aktif psikotrop ilaç kayıtlarını ve etken madde örüntülerini tanımlamak, çoklu psikotrop ilaç kullanımını belirlemek ve aktif ilaç kaydıyla ilişkili klinik özellikleri incelemek amaçlandı. Yöntem: Bu tek merkezli retrospektif kesitsel çalışmada, 2025 yılında üçüncü basamak çocuk ve ergen psikiyatrisi kliniğine başvuran 36–216 aylık OSB hastalarının elektronik kayıtları incelendi. Değerlendirilen 172 kayıttan beş hasta dışlandı ve 167 hasta analiz edildi. Çoklu kullanım, aynı başvuruda en az iki aktif psikotrop ilaç kaydı olarak tanımlandı. Bulgular: En az bir aktif psikotrop ilaç 123 hastada (%73,7; %95 GA %66,5–%79,7), çoklu kullanım 94 hastada (%56,3; %95 GA %48,7–%63,6) kayıtlıydı; aktif ilaç kaydı bulunanlarda çoklu kullanım oranı %76,4'tü. En az bir antipsikotik 112 hastada (%67,1), en az iki antipsikotik 30 hastada (%18,0) kayıtlıydı. DEHB (aPR = 2,51; %95 GA 1,77–3,55) ve irritabilite (aPR = 1,55; %95 GA 1,28–1,89) aktif ilaç kaydıyla bağımsız ilişkiliydi. Sonuç: Bu üçüncü basamak sağlık hizmeti örnekleminde, aktif psikotrop ilaç kullanım kayıtları ve kayıtlara dayalı çoklu ilaç kullanımı sıkça görülmekteydi; bu durum, teyit edilmiş ilaç alımından ziyade elektronik sağlık kayıtlarındaki belgelemeyi yansıtmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• otizm spekturum bozukluğu
• psikotrop ilaç
• antipsikotikler
• dikkat eksikliği hiperaktivite bozukluğu

Active Psychotropic Medication Use and Clinical Correlates in Children and Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Öz

Objective: The aim of this study was to describe active psychotropic medication records and agent-level patterns in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), estimate psychotropic polypharmacy, and identify characteristics associated with an active psychotropic medication record. Method: This single-centre retrospective cross-sectional study included patients with ASD aged 36–216 months who attended a tertiary child and adolescent psychiatry clinic during 2025. Of 172 records assessed, five patients with cognitive impairment attributable to an identified cause other than ASD were excluded; 167 were analysed. Current medications not documented as discontinued were classified as active. Polypharmacy was defined as at least two active psychotropic medications at the same visit. Results: At least one active psychotropic medication was recorded for 123 patients (73.7%; 95% CI 66.5%–79.7%), and polypharmacy for 94 (56.3%; 95% CI 48.7%–63.6%); among the 123 patients with an active record, the polypharmacy proportion was 76.4%. At least one antipsychotic was recorded for 112 patients (67.1%) and at least two for 30 (18.0%). ADHD (aPR = 2.51; 95% CI 1.77–3.55) and irritability (aPR = 1.55; 95% CI 1.28–1.89) were independently associated with an active medication record. Conclusion: Active psychotropic medication records and record-based polypharmacy were frequent in this tertiary-care sample, reflecting electronic health record documentation rather than confirmed medication intake.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• autism spectrum disorder
• psychotropics
• children
• attention deficit hyperactiviy disorder

Kaynakça

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