Becoming Adult from the Perspective of Psychological Health

Öz

In the transition from adolescence to adulthood, individuals are expected to undertake a variety of role transitions. The adult roles and their contents have begun to change for both genders as a part of social, economic and cultural changes in the world. As women began to join to the work force more, men’s involvement in family life and childcare increased. Although having multiple roles causes conflict between the roles for both genders nowadays, being married and having children still seem to be related to better psychological health for today’s early adults. However, these positive effects of marriage disappear in conflicting and unhappy marriages; and these marriages, on the contrary, damage the health of individuals. In addition to the content, the timing of the roles is also related to the psychological health of individuals. As adults who undertake the roles early have a disadvantaged position in terms of psychological health, marital and family relations, on the other hand, adults who undertake these roles on-time and lately have better psychological health and life conditions. The aim of this review is to assess the effects of undertaking adult roles and its timing on individuals’ psychological health in today’s societies.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Adult,marriage,social determinants of health,mental health

Psikolojik Sağlık Açısından Yetişkin Olma

Öz

Ergenlik döneminden yetişkinliğe geçişte bireylerin, çeşitli rol dönüşümlerini gerçekleştirmeleri beklenmektedir. Her iki cinsiyet için de yetişkin rollerinin içeriği ve zamanlaması, dünyadaki sosyal, ekonomik ve kültürel değişimlerin bir parçası olarak önemli ölçüde değişmeye başlamıştır. Kadınlar daha fazla oranda iş gücüne katılım gösterirken; erkekler de daha fazla oranda aile yaşamı ve çocuk bakımında yer almaya başlamışlardır. Artık çoklu rollere sahip olma her iki cinsiyetin de roller arasında çatışma yaşamasına neden olmakla birlikte; günümüz genç yetişkinleri için halen evli ve çocuk sahibi olma daha iyi psikolojik sağlıkla ilişkili gözükmektedir. Ancak çatışmalı ve mutsuz evliliklerde, evliliğin sağladığı olumlu etkiler ortadan kalkmakta; tam tersine bireyin sağlığı üzerinde bozucu bir rol oynamaktadır. Rollerin içeriğinin yanı sıra zamanlaması da bireylerin psikolojik sağlığı ile ilişkilidir. Rolleri erken üstlenen bireyler, psikolojik sağlık, eş ve aile ilişkileri açısından daha dezavantajlı bir konuma sahipken; rolleri zamanında ve geç üstlenen bireyler, daha iyi psikolojik sağlık ve yaşam koşullarına sahiplerdir. Bu gözden geçirme yazısının amacı, günümüz toplumlarında yetişkin rollerini üstlenme ve yetişkin rollerindeki zamanlamanın, bireyin psikolojik sağlığına etkilerinin değerlendirilmesidir. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Yetişkin,evlilik,sağlığın sosyal belirleyicileri,ruh sağlığı

Kaynakça

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