Güncel Bir Paradigma: Yazılı Duygusal Dışavurum

Öz

Stres verici ya da travmatik olaylarla ilgili duygu ve düşünceleri ifade etmenin sağlık için yararlı olduğu uzun yıllardan beri düşünülmektedir. Bu bağlamda, Pennebaker duygu ve düşüncelerin sadece sözlü değil yazılı dışavurumunun da önemine işaret ederek “yazılı duygusal dışavurum paradigmasını” geliştirmiş ve yazılı duygusal dışavurumun fiziksel ve psikolojik sağlığı geliştirdiğini vurgulamıştır. Araştırmalar, hem sağlıklı hem de sağlık sorunları olan bireylerin travmatik ya da stres verici deneyimle-rinden yaklaşık 2 ay sonra, birbirini takip eden 3-4 günde ve en az 15 dakika yazdıklarında birçok sağlık sonucunda olumlu değişim yaşadıklarına işaret etmektedir. Ayrıca bu paradigmadan kimlerin fayda sağlayabileceğini inceleyen araştırmaların önemli bulgular sunduğu da göze çarpmaktadır. Bu derleme makalesinin amacı, yazılı duygusal dışavurum paradigmasının yapısını, ortaya çıkardığı değişim ve faydaları, bu değişimlerin temelindeki etki mekanizmalarını, prosedürünü ve bireysel farklılıklar ile ilişkisini alan yazındaki araştırmalar eşliğinde gözden geçirmek ve ele alınan çalışmaların uygulama açısından doğurgularını tartışmaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Yazılı duygusal dışavurum,travma,stres,psikolojik sağlık,fiziksel sağlık

A Current Paradigm: Written Emotional Disclosure

Abstract

It has been supposed for years that expressing feelings and thoughts about stressful or traumatic events is helpful for health. In this regard, Pennebaker developed “Written Emotional Disclosure Paradigm” that refers to the importance of not only verbal but also written disclosure of feelings and thoughts. He suggested that written emotional disclosure improves physical and psychological health. The studies pointed out that individuals who are healthy or have health problems experience positive changes in various health outcomes when they wrote for 3-4 consecutive days, for at least 15 minutes and after about 2 months from traumatic or stressful experiences. Also, important findings from studies that examine who can benefit from this paradigm attracted attention. The aim of this article is to review the structure of written emotional disclosure paradigm, its effects and benefits, mechanisms of action underlying these effects, its procedure and relationship with individual differences on the basis of the studies in the literature and to discuss the implications of these studies in terms of practice.

Keywords

• Written emotional disclosure,trauma,stress,psychological health,physical health

Kaynakça

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