Psychosocial Interventions in the Treatment of Child and Adolescent Conduct Disorder

Öz

Since conduct disorder is a mental disturbance deteriorating not only children or adolescents’ functioning but both their close environment and even the whole society they live in, it is crucially important to be treated with effective interventions. There is mainly child, family and school-oriented interventions for childhood-onset conduct disorder and treatments of adolescent-onset conduct disorder include community and institutional practices in addition to adolescent, family and school-oriented interventions. Approaches to childhood-onset conduct disorder based on social learning theory, and interventions of adolescent-onset conduct disorder built on “needs, responsivity and risk principles” seem to be effective treatment modalities. Family-oriented approaches using concurrently either adolescent school-oriented interventions or society-oriented programs appear to be the most effective treatments for short-term and long-term outcomes. Adolescents with high risk and advanced age seem to have better progress with interventions whereas sexual offenders are less likely to benefit from treatment than the other conduct pathologies.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• dolescent,conduct disorder,psychosocial interventions

Çocuk ve Ergen Davranım Bozukluğu Tedavisinde Psikososyal Müdahaleler

Öz

Davranım bozukluğu doğru yöntemlerle müdahaleler gerektiren, çocuk ya da ergenin sadece kendisini değil, yakın çevresini hatta yaşadığı toplumu olumsuz etkileyebilen bir ruhsal bozukluktur. Çocukluk-başlangıçlı davranım bozukluğunun tedavisinde çocuk, anne-baba ve okul eksenli uygulamalar yer alırken, ergenlik-başlangıçlı olanının tedavisinde bu yöntemlere ek olarak kısmi yatış programları, kurumsal uygulamalar ve diğer toplumsal unsurlar bulunur. Çocukluk-başlangıçlı davranım bozukluğunda sosyal öğrenme kuramını esas alan “aile odaklı” uygulamalar, ergenlik-başlangıçlı olanında ergene yönelik “ihtiyaçlar, duyarlılık ve risk ilkesi” esas alınarak uygulanan “ergen odaklı” müdahaleler etkili yöntemler olarak görünmektedir. Kısa ve uzun vadeli etkinlik açısından, ergen, okul ya da toplum odaklı müdahaleleri eş-zamanlı kullanan “aile odaklı” yaklaşımlar en etkin tedaviler olarak görünmektedir. Yüksek riskli ve yaşça ileri ergenler tedaviyle daha iyi ilerlemeler sağlarken, cinsel suçları bulunan ergenler diğerlerine göre tedavilerden daha az fayda görmektedirler.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• ergen,davranım bozukluğu,psikososyal müdahaleler

Kaynakça

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