Metacognitions, Psychological Resilience and Fear of Recurrence in Cancer Process

Abstract

Cancer is a common life-threatening disease all over the world and can affect the people both physically and psychologically. Fear of recurrence is one of the most common psychological problems faced by individuals and their caregivers that is expressing the concern from diagnosis to the end of life that cancer may return or progress in cancer life even including the survivorship process. When the fear of recurrence reaches the clinical level, it can cause negative effects on individuals and their caregivers such as decreased quality of life, impaired functionality, and inadequate role performance. In this process, the concept of metacognition, which significantly increases the level of awareness of the individual, can have an effect on the individual’s perceptions and interpretations as well as the possibility of being positively or negatively affected by the disease process. In addition, the concept of resilience, which is a protective and enhancing factor in mental health, can make less harm to the person from the process and increase their well-being. In this way, the individual can use coping strategies more effectively and manage the process better. In this paper, we aimed to explain the relationship between the concepts of metacognitions, resilience and fear of recurrence, and to evaluate their effects on the cancer process in order to ensure that the individual suffers minimal damage from the process and provide well-being.

Keywords

• Cancer
• fear of recurrence
• metacognition
• resilience
• survivors

Kanser Sürecinde Üstbilişler, Psikolojik Sağlamlık ve Nüks Korkusu

Öz

Kanser, tüm dünyada sıklıkla görülen, bireyi hem fiziksel hem de psikolojik olarak etkileyebilen yaşamı tehdit edici bir hastalıktır. Kanser tanısı konulmasından yaşamın sonuna kadar olan ve sağkalım sürecini de içeren kanser yaşantısında, kanserin geri dönebileceğine veya ilerleyebileceğine dair endişeyi ifade eden nüks korkusu, bireylerin ve bakım verenlerinin en sık karşı karşıya kaldığı psikolojik sorunlardan biridir. Nüks korkusu klinik düzeye ulaştığında, bireyler ve bakım verenler üzerinde yaşam kalitesinde azalma, işlevsellikte bozulma, rol performansında yetersizlik gibi olumsuz etkiler oluşturabilmektedir. Bu süreçte bireyin farkındalık düzeyini oldukça artıran üstbiliş kavramı, bireyin algılamaları ve yorumlamalarının yanı sıra hastalık sürecinden olumlu ya da olumsuz etkilenme olasılığını etkileyebilmektedir. Ayrıca ruh sağlığında koruyucu ve geliştirici bir faktör olan psikolojik sağlamlık kavramı da bu süreçte kişinin süreçten daha az zarar görmesini sağlayabilmekte ve iyi oluşluğunu artırabilmektedir. Bu sayede birey baş etme sistemlerini daha etkin kullanabilmekte ve süreci daha iyi yönetebilmektedir. Bu makalenin amacı, kanser sürecinde bireyin süreçten en az düzeyde zarar görmesini ve iyi oluşluğunu sağlamak üzere incelenmesi gereken üstbilişler, psikolojik sağlamlık ve nüks korkusu kavramlarının kanser süreci ile ilişkisinin açıklanması ve sürece etkilerinin değerlendirilmesidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kanser
• nüks korkusu
• üstbiliş
• psikolojik sağlamlık
• sağ kalanlar

Kaynakça

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