Koronavirüs Pandemisinin Kadının Yaşamına ve Sağlığına Yansımaları

Öz

İçinde bulunduğumuz koronavirüs pandemisi günlerinde uygulanan sokağa çıkma yasakları, birçok alanda uygulanan kısıtlamalar, karantinalar, sosyal mesafe kuralı, değişen çalışma şekli ve saatleri özellikle kadının yaşamında ve sağlığında önemli değişiklere neden olmuştur. Bu derlemenin amacı; koronavirüs pandemi sürecinin kadının yaşamına ve sağlığına etkisinin araştırılmasıdır. Araştırmanın pandeminin fiziksel, ruhsal, sosyal, ekonomik ve seksüel açılardan kadının yaşamına ve sağlığına etkilerini anlayabilmek ve ortaya çıkabilecek sonuçları öngörebilmek ve gereken önlemleri almak adına yararlı olacağı düşünülmüş, konu literatürdeki bulgular ışığında değerlendirilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kadın sağlığı
• koronavirüs
• pandemi
• salgın
• yaşam

Reflections of Coronavirus Pandemic on Women’s Life and Health

Abstract

The curfews imposed during the coronavirus pandemic days we are in, restrictions applied in many areas, quarantines, social distance rule, changing working style and hours have caused significant changes, especially in the life and health of women. The purpose of this review is; it is the study of the effect of the coronavirus pandemic process on the life and health of women. It was thought that the study would be useful in understanding the physical, mental, social, economic and sexual effects of the pandemic on the life and health of women, predicting the consequences and taking the necessary precautions and the subject was evaluated in the light of the findings in the literature.

Keywords

• Women’s health
• coronavirus
• pandemic
• outbreak
• life

Kaynakça

1. Referans1Alon TM, Doepke M, Olmstead-Rumsey J, Tertilt M (2020) The impact of COVID-19 on gender equality. National Bureau of Economic Research. https://www.nber.org/papers/w26947 (25 Ocak 2020’de ulaşıldı).
2. Referans2Alon TM, Doepke M, Olmstead-Rumsey J, Tertilt M (2020) The impact of COVID-19 on gender equality. National Bureau of Economic Research. https://www.nber.org/papers/w26947 (25 Ocak 2020’de ulaşıldı).
3. Referans3Baral SD, Mishra S, Diouf D, Phanuphak N, Dowdy D (2020) The public health response to COVID-19: balancing precaution and unintended consequences. Annals of Epidemiology, 46:12-13.
4. Referans4Baral SD, Mishra S, Diouf D, Phanuphak N, Dowdy D (2020) The public health response to COVID-19: balancing precaution and unintended consequences. Annals of Epidemiology, 46:12-13.
5. Referans5Canatan K, Yıldırım E (2011) Aile Sosyolojisi, 2.baskı. İstanbul, Açılım Kitap.
6. Referans6Chen H, Guo J, Wang C, et al. (2020) Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of Covid-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records. Lancet, 395:809-815.
7. Referans7Chen H, Guo J, Wang C, et al. (2020) Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of Covid-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records. Lancet, 395:809-815.
8. Referans8Dashraath P, Wong JLJ, Lim MXK, Lim LM, Li S, Biswas A, Choolani M et al. (2020) Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic and pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol, (20):30343-30344.

9. Referans9Del Boca D, Oggero N, Profeta P, Maria Christina R (2020) Women's work, housework and childcare, before and during COVID-19. CESifo Working Papers, 8403:1-26.
10. Referans10Eghbali M, Negarandeh R, Froutan R (2020) Covid-19 epidemic: hospital-level response. Nursing Practice Today, 7(2):81-83.
11. Referans11Ekiz T, Ilıman E, Dönmez E. (2020) Bireylerin sağlık anksiyetesi düzeyleri ile COVID-19 salgını kontrol algısının karşılaştırılması. Uluslararası Sağlık Yönetimi ve Stratejileri Araştırma Dergisi, (6):139-154.
12. Referans12Farre L, Fawaz Y, Gonzalez L, Graves J (2020) How the Covid-19 lockdown affected gender ınequality in paid and unpaid work in Spain. http://ftp.iza.org/dp13434.pdf (25.01.2020’de ulaşıldı).
13. Referans13Farre L, Fawaz Y, Gonzalez L, Graves J (2020) How the Covid-19 lockdown affected gender ınequality in paid and unpaid work in Spain. http://ftp.iza.org/dp13434.pdf (25.01.2020’de ulaşıldı).
14. Referans14Ferreira-Filho ES, de Melo NR, Sorpreso ICE, Bahamondes L, Simões RDS, Soares Júnior JM, et al. (2020) Contraception and reproductive planning during the COVID-19 pandemic. Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology, 13(6):615-622.
15. Referans15Ferreira-Filho ES, de Melo NR, Sorpreso ICE, Bahamondes L, Simões RDS, Soares Júnior JM, et al. (2020) Contraception and reproductive planning during the COVID-19 pandemic. Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology, 13(6):615-622.
16. Referans16United Nations Population Fund (UNFA) (2020) COVID-19 pandemic. https://www.unfpa.org/covid19. (20 Aralık 2020’de ulaşıldı).
17. Referans17WHO (2020) Report of the WHO-China joint mission on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/who-china-joint-mission-on-covid-19-final-report.pdf. (20 Aralık 2020’de ulaşıldı).
18. Referans18WHO (2020) Sexual and reproductive health. https://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/publications/emergencies/en/. (20 Ocak 2020’de ulaşıldı).
19. Referans19Huang CL, Wang YM, Li XW, Ren LL, Zhao JP, Hu Y, Zhang L, Fan G, Xu G, Gu X (2020) Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet, (395):497-506.
20. Referans20Hussein J (2020) COVID-19: What implications for sexual and reproductive health and rights globally Sexual and Reproductive Health Matters, 28:1-4.
21. Referans21Işık E (2020) Kadın Emeği (Farklı Feminizm ve Feminist İktisat Anlayışları Temelinde Bilgi Kuramsal Bir İrdeleme), 1.baskı. Yetkin Yayınevi.
22. Referans22Jacob L, Smith L, Butler L, Barnett Y, Grabovac I, Mc Dermott D, et al. (2020) Challenges in the practice of sexual medicine in the time of COVID-19 in the United Kingdom. J Sex Med, 17:1229-36.
23. Referans23Jacob L, Smith L, Butler L, Barnett Y, Grabovac I, Mc Dermott D, et al. (2020) Challenges in the practice of sexual medicine in the time of COVID-19 in the United Kingdom. J Sex Med, 17:1229-36.
24. Referans24Koçak Z, Harmancı H (2020) Covid-19 pandemi sürecinde ailede ruh sağlığı. Karatay Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, (5):183-207.
25. Referans25Liao X, Wang B, Kang Y (2020) Novel coronavirus infection during the 2019–2020 epidemic: preparing intensive care units the experience in Sichuan Province, China. Intensive Care Medicine, 46(2):357-360.
26. Referans26Mc Laren HJ, Wong KR, Nguyen KN, Mahamadachchi KND (2020) Covid-19 and women’s triple burden: vignettes from Sri Lanka, Malaysia, Vietnam and Australia. Social Sciences, 9(87):1-11.
27. Referans27Mert A (2020) COVID-19 salgını sürecinde farklı yönleriyle kadınların durumu. https://kockam.ku.edu.tr/covid-19-salgini-surecinde-farkli-yonleriyle-kadinlarin-durumu-asli-e-mert/ (20 Aralık 2020’de ulaşıldı).
28. Referans28Odriozola-González P, Planchuelo-Gómez Á, Irurtia-Muñiz MJ, de Luis-García R (2020) Psychological symptoms of the outbreak of the COVID-19 crisis and confinement in the population of Spain. Journal of Affective Disorders, 277:847-849.
29. Referans29Özvarış ŞB, Başpınar A COVID-19 pandemisinde cinsel sağlık ve üreme sağlığı. https://korona.hasuder.org.tr/covid-19-pandemisinde-cinsel-saglik-ve-ureme-sagligi/(12 Ocak 2020’de ulaşıldı).
30. Referans30Prasso S (2019) China’s divorce spike is a warning to rest of locked-down world. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-03-31/divorces-spike-in-china-after-coronavirus-quarantines (20Ocak 2020’de ulaşıldı).
31. Referans31Rasmussen SA, Smulian JC, Lednicky JA, et al. (2020) Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and pregnancy: what obstetricians need to know. Am J Obstet Gynecol, 222(5):415-422.
32. Referans32Renfrew MJ et al. (2020) Bir pandemide ve ötesinde kaliteli ebelik bakımını sürdürmek. Ebelik, 88:102759.
33. Referans33Sklaveniti D (2020) Antenatal visit model in low-risk pregnancy during pandemic COVID-19: call for adjustments. Eur J Midwifery,15:1-2.
34. Referans34Şahin E, Güngör Satılmış İ (2020) COVID-19 pandemisinde cinsellik ve cinsel sağlık. Androloji Bülteni, 22:249-253.
35. Referans35Tang K, Junjian G, Babatunde A (2020) Sexual and reproductive health (SRH): a key issue in the emergency response to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak. Reproductive Health, 17:1-3.
36. Referans36Todd-Gher J, Shah PK (2020). Abortion in the context of COVID-19: a human rights imperative. Sexual and Reproductive Health Matters, 28(1):1758394.
37. Referans37United Nations Population Fund (UNFA) (2020) Toplumsal cinsiyet perspektifinden COVID-19, cinsel sağlık, üreme sağlığının ve haklarının korunması ve toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliğinin teşvik edilmesi. https://www.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/resource-pdf/Turkish_-COVID-19_A_Gender_Lens_Guidance_Note.pdf (4 Ocak 2020’de ulaşıldı).
38. Referans38Viveiros N, Bonomi AE (2020) Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19): Violence, Reproductive Rights and Related Health Risks for Women, Opportunities for Practice Innovation, 1-5.
39. Referans39Vora KS, Saiyed S, Natesan S (2020) Impact of COVID-19 on family planning services in India. Sexual and Reproductive Health Matters, 28(1):1–3.
40. Referans40Wang C, Pan R, Wan X, Tan Y, Xu L, Ho CS (2020) Immediate psychological responses and associated factors during the initialstage of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) Epidemic among the general population in China. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 17(1729):1-25.
41. Referans41Yağmur R (2020) Yeni koronavirüs hastalığının toplum üzerine etkileri ve hemşirelik yaklaşımları, 1.baskı. (Editörler Aylaz ve Yıldız):27-35. İnönü Üniversitesi Yayınevi.
42. Referans42Canatan K, Yıldırım E (2011) Aile Sosyolojisi, 2.baskı. İstanbul, Açılım Kitap.
43. Referans43Yıldız İ, Çıkrıkçılı U, Yüksel Ş (2020) Karantinanın ruhsal etkileri ve koruyucu önlemler. Türkiye Psikiyatri Derneği Ruhsal Travma ve Afet Çalışma Birimi. https://www.istabip.org.tr/koronavirus/Haberler/5612/karantinanin-ruhsal-etkileri-ve-koruyucu-onlemler (12 Ocak 2020’de ulaşıldı).
44. Referans44Zandifar A, Badrfam R (2020). Iranian mental health during the COVID-19 epidemic. Asian J Psychiatr, 51:1-2.