Role of Cognitive Factors and Distortions in Adolescent Suicides

Yıl 2013, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 2, 232 - 245, 01.06.2013

Bedriye Öncü Ayşegül Sakarya

https://doi.org/10.5455/cap.20130515

Öz

Suicide is one of the leading causes of adolescent death and is an important clinical problem. According to World Health Organisation, it is the third cause of death for ages 15-44 worldwide and is the second cause of death for ages 15-24 in Turkey . The presence of a psychiatric disorder and previous suicidal acts, social, cultural and family related factors are well known predictors of suicide. However, cognitive developmental level and schemes are as important as the other factors. For prevention and treatmeni it is essential to understand cognitive factors that lead adolescents to suicide. Cognitive factors and distortions that might have a role in adolescent suicides are hoplessness, problem solving deficits, cognitive rigidity, dichotomous thinking, perfectionism, personalising, catastrophising and time perspective. In this article, adolescent suicide and related cognitive factors are briefly reviewed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Adolescent, suicide, cognitive distortions

Ergen Özkıyımlarında Bilişsel Etmenler ve Çarpıtmaların Rolü

Öz

Özkıyım davranışı, ergen ölüm nedenleri arasında ilk sıralarda yer alan, önemli bir klinik sorundur. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü verilerine göre 15-44 yaş arası nüfusta üçüncü en sık ölüm nedeni özkıyımdır. Ülkemizde 15-24 yaş grubunun ölüm nedenleri arasında ikinci sıradadır. Özkıyımı öngörmede psikiyatrik bozukluk, önceden özkıyım girişimi varlığı, sosyal, kültürel ve ailesel özellikler bilinen risk etmenleridir. Ancak ergenin bilişsel gelişim düzeyi ve bilişsel şemaları da en az diğer etmenler kadar önemlidir. Ergenlerde özkıyım davranı-şına neden olan bilişsel etmenlerin anlaşılması, önleme ve tedavi için ciddi öneme sahiptir. Ergen özkıyımlarında rol oynayan bilişsel etmenler ve çarpıt-malar arasında; umutsuzluk, sorun çözme, bilişsel katılık, ya hep ya hiç biçi-minde düşünme, mükemmeliyetçilik, kişisel algılama, felaketleştirme ve za-man perspektifi sayılabilir. Bu yazıda ergenlerde özkıyım davranışı ve ilişkili bilişsel etmenler kısaca gözden geçirilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ergen, özkıyım, bilişsel çarpıtmalar

Kaynakça

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