Şema Terapinin Depresif Bozuklukların Tedavisindeki Etkililiği: Bir Meta-Analiz

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 4, 470 - 480, 30.12.2018

Serdar Körük , Nilüfer Özabacı

https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.361790

Cited By: 6

Öz

Bu meta-analiz çalışması, şema terapinin depresif bozuklukların tedavisindeki etkililiğini incelemek üzere yapılmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında, seçilen veri tabanları kullanılarak yapılan literatür taraması sonucunda, 2007-2017 yılları arasında yürütülmüş ve 7 tanesi meta-analize dahil edilen toplam 35 araştırmaya ulaşılmıştır. Söz konusu 7 deneysel araştırma için araştırmanın gerçekleştirildiği ülke (kültür), depresyon grubu, hastalık türü, deney grubundaki birey sayısı, uygulanan seans sayısı, uygulanan seans türü (bireysel ve grup), seans süresi (dakika) ve seans süreci (hafta) hipotez moderatör değişkenler olarak belirlenmiştir. Rassal etki modeli kullanılarak yapılan analiz sonuçları, şema terapinin depresif bozuklukların tedavisinde yüksek düzeyde etkisinin olduğunu göstermiştir. Belirlenen moderatör değişkenlerden hiç birisinin moderatörlük işlevi göstermediği belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Şema terapi, depresyon, meta-analiz

Effectiveness of Schema Therapy on the Treatment of Depressive Disorders: A Meta-Analysis

Öz

The effectiveness of schema therapy in the treatment of depressive disorders was examined in this meta-analysis study. As a result of the literature review using various databases, a total of 35 studies which were carried out in 2007-2017 were reached, 7 of which included in this meta-analysis. For these 7 experimental studies, the country (culture), the type of depressive disorder, the number of participants, the number of sessions, the type of session (individual or group), the duration of the session (minute), and the whole session process (week) were determined as hypothetic moderator variables. The results of the analysis using the random effect model showed that schema therapy had a high level of efficacy in the treatment of depressive disorders. It had been determined that none of the hypothetic moderator variables had moderator functions.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Schema therapy, depression, meta-analysis

Kaynakça

• Amerikan Psikiyatri Birliği (2013) Ruhsal bozuklukların tanısal ve sayımsal el kitabı: Beşinci baskı (DSM-V), Tanı ölçütleri başvuru el kitabı (E. Köroğlu, Çev.), Ankara: Hekimler Yayın Birliği.
• Aydemir Ö, Ergün H, Soygür H, Kesebir S, Tulunay C (2009) Major depresif bozuklukta yaşam kalitesi: Kesitsel bir çalişma. Turk Psikiyatri Dergisi, 20: 205-2012.
• Bakos DS, Gallo AE, Wainer R (2015) Systematic review of the clinical effectiveness of schema therapy. Contemporary Behavioral Health Care, 1: 11-15.
• Barrett MS, Barber JP (2007) Interpersonal profiles in major depressive disorder. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 63: 247-266.
• Beck AT (1967) Depression: Clinical, experimental, and theoretical aspects. New York: Harper & Row.
• Beck AT, Rush AJ, Shaw BF, Emery G (1979) Cognitive therapy of depression. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
• Carter JD, McIntosh VV, Jordan J, Porter RJ, Frampton CM, Joyce PR (2013) Psychotherapy for depression: a randomized clinical trial comparing schema therapy and cognitive behavior therapy. Journal of Affective Disorders, 151: 500-505.
• Cooper MJ, Rose KS, Turner H (2005) Core beliefs and the presence or absence of eating disorder symptoms and depressive symptoms in adolescent girls. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 38: 60-64.
• Corey MS, Corey G, Corey C (2013) Groups: Process and practice. Cengage Learning.
• Cuijpers P, Smit F, Bohlmeijer E, Hollon SD, Andersson G (2010) Efficacy of cognitive–behavioural therapy and other psychological treatments for adult depression: meta-analytic study of publication bias. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 196: 173-178.
• DeRubeis RJ, Siegle GJ, Hollon SD (2008) Cognitive therapy versus medication for depression: Treatment outcomes and neural mechanisms. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 9: 788-796.
• Driessen E, Cuijpers P, de Maat SC, Abbass AA, de Jonghe F, Dekker JJ (2010) The efficacy of short-term psychodynamic psychotherapy for depression: A meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review, 30: 25-36.
• Farrell JM, Shaw IA, Webber MA (2009) A schema-focused approach to group psychotherapy for outpatients with borderline personality disorder: a randomized controlled trial. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 40: 317-328.
• Forman EM, Herbert JD, Moitra E, Yeomans PD, Geller PA (2007) A randomized controlled effectiveness trial of acceptance and commitment therapy and cognitive therapy for anxiety and depression. Behavior Modification, 31: 772-799.
• *Gheisari M (2016) The effectiveness of schema therapy integrated with neurological rehabilitation methods to improve executive functions in patients with chronic depression. Health Science Journal, 10: 1-5.
• Gingerich WJ, Peterson LT (2013) Effectiveness of solution-focused brief therapy: A systematic qualitative review of controlled outcome studies. Research on Social Work Practice, 23: 266-283.
• Halvorsen M, Wang CE, Richter J, Myrland I, Pedersen SK, Eisemann M, Waterloo K (2009) Early maladaptive schemas, temperament and character traits in clinically depressed and previously depressed subjects. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 16: 394-407.
• *Hashemi R, Darvishzadeh K (2016) Effectiveness of group schema therapy in reducing the symptoms of major depression in a sample of women. Asian Social Science, 12: 232-238.
• Hawke LD, Provencher MD (2011) Schema theory and schema therapy in mood and anxiety disorders: A review. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy, 25: 257-276. *Heilemann MV, Pieters HC, Kehoe P, Yang Q (2011) Schema therapy, motivational interviewing, and collaborative-mapping as treatment for depression among low income, second generation Latinas. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 42: 473-480.
• Hofmann SG, Sawyer AT, Witt AA, Oh D (2010) The effect of mindfulness-based therapy on anxiety and depression: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 78: 169-183.
• James IA, Southam L, Blackburn IM (2004) Schemas revisited. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 11: 369–377.
• Karamustafalıoğlu O, Yumrukçal H (2011) Depresyon ve anksiyete bozuklukları. Şişli Eftal Hastanesi Tıp Bülteni, 45: 65-74.
• Kim JS (2008) Examining the effectiveness of solution-focused brief therapy: A meta-analysis. Research on Social Work Practice, 18: 107-116.
• Leichsenring F, Rabung S (2008) Effectiveness of long-term psychodynamic psychotherapy: A meta-analysis. Jama, 300: 1551-1565.
• *Malogiannis IA, Arntz A, Spyropoulou A, Tsartsara E, Aggeli A, Karveli S, Vlavianou M, Pehlivanidis A, Papadimitriou NG, Zervas I (2014) Schema therapy for patients with chronic depression: a single case series study. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 45: 319-329.
• Manber R, Edinger JD, Gress JL, Pedro-Salcedo MGS, Kuo TF, Kalista T (2008) Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia enhances depression outcome in patients with comorbid major depressive disorder and insomnia. Sleep, 31: 489-495.
• Masley SA, Gillanders DT, Simpson SG, Taylor MA (2012) A systematic review of the evidence base for schema therapy. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, 41: 185-202.
• Rahman A, Malik A, Sikander S, Roberts C, Creed F (2008) Cognitive behaviour therapy-based intervention by community health workers for mothers with depression and their infants in rural Pakistan: a cluster-randomised controlled trial. The Lancet, 372: 902-909.
• *Rashidi Z, Rasooli A (2015) Effectiveness of therapeutic schema on reducing the anxiety and depression in patients with major depressive disorder. Journal of Applied Environmental and Biological Sciences, 5: 279-285.
• Renner F, Arntz A, Leeuw I, Huibers M (2013) Treatment for chronic depression using schema therapy. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 20: 166-180.
• *Renner F, Arntz A, Peeters FP, Lobbestael J, Huibers MJ (2016) Schema therapy for chronic depression: results of a multiple single case series. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 51: 66-73.
• Renner F, Lobbestael J, Peeters F, Arntz A, Huibers M (2012) Early maladaptive schemas in depressed patients: Stability and relation with depressive symptoms over the course of treatment. Journal of Affective Disorders,136: 581–590.
• Rood L, Roelofs J, Bögels SM, Nolen-Hoeksema S, Schouten E (2009) The influence of emotion-focused rumination and distraction on depressive symptoms in non-clinical youth: A meta-analytic review. Clinical Psychology Review, 29: 607-616.
• Rudy D, Grusec, JE (2006). Authoritarian parenting in individualist and collectivist groups: Associations with maternal emotion and cognition and children's self-esteem. Journal of Family Psychology, 20: 68-78.
• Shah R, Waller G (2000) Parental style and vulnerability to depression: The role of core beliefs. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 188: 19-25.
• Varela RE, Sanchez-Sosa JJ, Biggs BK, Luis TM (2009) Parenting strategies and socio-cultural influences in childhood anxiety: Mexican, Latin American descent, and European American families. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 23: 609-616.
• von Sydow K, Beher S, Schweitzer J, Retzlaff R. (2010) The efficacy of systemic therapy with adult patients: A meta‐content analysis of 38 randomized controlled trials. Family Process, 49: 457-485.
• Vreeswijk MV, Spinhoven P, Eurelings‐Bontekoe EHM, Broersen J (2014) Changes in symptom severity, schemas and modes in heterogeneous psychiatric patient groups following short‐term schema cognitive–behavioural group therapy: A naturalistic pre‐treatment and post‐treatment design in an outpatient clinic. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 21: 29-38.
• Wegener I, Alfter S, Geiser F, Liedtke R, Conrad R (2013) Schema change without schema therapy: The role of early maladaptive schemata for a successful treatment of major depression. Psychiatry, 76: 1-17.
• Young JE (1994) Cognitive therapy for personality disorders: A schema-focused approach (Rev. ed.). Sarasota, FL: Professional Resource Press.
• Young JE, Klosko J, Weishaar ME (2003) Schema therapy: A practitioner’s guide. New York, NY: Guilford Press.