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Sosyal Kötücül Kişilikler: Karanlık Üçlü

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 3, 318 - 329, 30.09.2020
https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.629950

Öz

Kişiliğin olumsuz ve günlük hayatın içinde istenmeyen şekillerde karşılaşılan karanlık tarafları narsisizm, psikopati ve Makyevelizmden oluşan “Karanlık üçlü” terimi ile tanımlanmaktadır. Subklinik narsisizm; yüksek statü düşkünlüğü, lider olma arzusu, kendi niteliklerini abartma ve diğerlerini küçümseme gibi olumsuz özelliklerle tanımlanmaktadır. Makyevelizmde, kişinin kendi olumsuz özelliklerini gizleyerek diğer insanları manipüle etmesi ve amacına ulaşması için etik dışı davranışlar öndedir. Psikopati ise yüksek dürtüsellik ile empati yoksunluğu, duygusuz olma eğilimi, insan ilişkilerine önem vermeme ve vicdan azabı duymama gibi olumsuz subklinik bir kişilik özelliğidir. Araştırmalar, kavramsal olarak farklı fakat ampirik olarak örtüşen bu kişilik değişkenlerinin kişinin yaşamının farklı alanlarında etkisi olduğunu göstermektedir. Makalenin amacı, karanlık üçlünün etki alanlarının ele alındığı literatürü güncellemek ve değerlendirmektir. Ayrıca, karanlık üçlüyü ölçmeyi hedefleyen ve Türkçeye uyarlanan ölçeklerin gözden geçirilmesinin ileride yapılacak çalışmalar açısından faydalı olabileceği düşünülmüştür. Öncelikle karanlık üçlüyü oluşturan kişilik yapıları, etki alanları ve karanlık üçlü için geliştirilen psikolojik ölçme araçları üzerinde durulmuştur.

Kaynakça

  • Referans1 Arvan M (2013) A lot more bad news for conservatives, and a little bit of bad news for liberals? Moral judgments and the dark triad personality traits: A follow-up study. Neuroethics, 6(1): 51-64.
  • Referans2 Austin EJ, Farrelly D, Black C, Moore H (2007) Emotional intelligence, Machiavellianism and emotional manipulation: Does EI have a dark side?. Personality and individual differences, 43(1):179-189.
  • Referans3 Babiak P, Hare RD (2006) Snakes in suits: When psychopaths go to work. New York, NY, US: HarperCollins.Back MD, Schmukle SC, Egloff B (2010) Why are narcissists so charming at first sight? Decoding the narcissism–popularity link at zero acquaintance. J Pers Soc Psychol, 98(1): 132-145.
  • Referans4 Board BJ, Fritzon K (2005) Disordered personalities at work. Psychol Crime Law, 11(1):17-32.
  • Referans5 Botwin MD, Buss DM, Shackelford TK (1997) Personality and mate preferences: Five factors in mate selection and marital satisfaction. J Pers, 65(1):107-136.
  • Referans6 Bradlee PM, Emmons RA (1992) Locating narcissism within the interpersonal circumplex and the five-factor model. Pers Individ Dif, 13(7):821-830.Brunell AB, Gentry WA, Campbell WK, Hoffman BJ, Kuhnert KW, DeMarree KG (2008) Leader emergence: The case of the narcissistic leader. Pers Soc Psychol Bull, 34(12):1663-1676.
  • Referans7 Burger JM (2006) Personality (Çeviri İD Erguvan -Sarıoğlu). İstanbul: Kaknüs Yayınları.
  • Referans8 Bushman BJ, Baumeister RF (1998) Threatened egotism, narcissism, self-esteem, and direct and displaced aggression: Does self-love or self-hate lead to violence?. J Pers Soc Psychol, 75(1): 219-229.
  • Referans9 Buss DM (1984) Marital assortment for personality dispositions: Assessment with three different data sources. Behav Genet, 14(2):111-123.
  • Referans10 Buss DM (1991) Evolutionary personality psychology. Annu Rev Clin Psychol, 42(1):459-491.
  • Referans11 Buss D (1993) Ways to curtail employee theft. Nations Bus, 81(4):36-37.
  • Referans12 Campbell WK, Foster CA (2002) Narcissism and commitment in romantic relationships: An investment model analysis. Pers Soc Psychol Bull, 28(4): 484-495.
  • Referans13 Campbell WK, Hoffman BJ, Campbell SM, Marchisio G (2011) Narcissism in organizational contexts. Human Resource Management Review, 21(4):268-284.
  • Referans14 Christie R, Geis F (1970) Scale construction. Studies in Machiavellianism, 34(4): 10-34.
  • Referans15 Cihangiroğlu N (2012) Is there any relationship between narcissistic personality and organizational commitment?. Turk Silahlı Kuvvetleri Koruyucu Hekim Bul, 11(2):119-126.
  • Referans16 Cleckley H (1976) The mask of sanity 5th ed. p. 346 St. Louis, MO, Mosby.
  • Referans17 Deluga RJ (1997) Relationship among American presidential charismatic leadership, narcissism, and rated performance. Leadersh Q, 8(1):49-65.DePaulo, B (2010) The psychology of Dexter. Dallas, TX, Ben Bella Books.
  • Referans18 Eysenck HJ (1954) The science of personality: Nomothetic. Psychol Rev, 61(5): 339-342.
  • Referans19 Fehr B, Samsom D, Paulhus DL (1992) The construct of Machiavellianism: Twenty years later. In: Spielberger CD, Butcher JN, eds. Advances in personality assessment. Hilsdale. p. 77-116 NJ, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • Referans20 Foster JD, Shrira I, Campbell WK (2006) Theoretical models of narcissism, sexuality, and relationship commitment. J Soc Pers Relat, 23(3): 367-386.
  • Referans21 Geçtan E. (2006) Psychodynamic psychiatry and abnormal behavior. İstanbul, Metis Yayınları.
  • Referans22 Glenn AL, Iyer R, Graham J, Koleva S, Haidt J (2009) Are all types of morality compromised in psychopathy?. J Pers Disord, 23(4):384-398.
  • Referans23 Goleman D (2006) Sosyal zekâ: İnsan ilişkilerinin yeni bilimi. İstanbul, Varlık Yayınları.
  • Referans24 Griffin RW, O'Leary-Kelly A, Pritchard RD (2004) The dark side of organizational behavior (pp. 1-20). San Francisco, CA, Jossey-Bass.
  • Referans25 Hare RD (1995) Psychopathy: Theory, research and implications for society: An introduction. Issues in Criminological & Legal Psychology, 24:4-5.
  • Referans26 Hare RD, Neumann CS (2008) Psychopathy as a clinical and empirical construct. Annu Rev Clin Psychol, 4:217-246.
  • Referans27 Hare RD, Neumann CS (2009) Psychopathy: Assessment and forensic implications. Can J Psychiatry, 54(12):791-802.
  • Referans28 Harms PD, Spain SM, Hannah ST (2011) Leader development and the dark side of personality. Leadersh Q, 22(3):495-509.
  • Referans29 Harms PD, Spain SM, Wood D (2014) Mapping personality in dark places. Ind Organ Psychol, 7(1):114-117.
  • Referans30 Hogan R (2007) Personality and the fate of organizations. p. 167. Mahwah, NJ, US, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers.
  • Referans31 Hogan R, Hogan J (2001) Assessing leadership: A view from the dark side. International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 9(1‐2):40-51.
  • Referans32 Hogan R, Kaiser RB (2005) What we know about leadership. Rev Gen Psychol, 9:169-180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/1089-2680.9.2.169
  • Referans33 Hurley S (2005) Social heuristics that make us smarter. Philos Psychol, 18(5):585-612.
  • Referans34 Jonason PK, Kavanagh P (2010) The dark side of love: Love styles and the Dark Triad. Pers Individ Dif, 49(6):606-610.
  • Referans36 Jonason PK, Li NP, Buss DM (2010) The costs and benefits of the Dark Triad: Implications for mate poaching and mate retention tactics. Pers Individ Dif, 48(4):373-378.
  • Referans37 Jonason PK, Li NP, Webster GD, Schmitt DP (2009) The dark triad: Facilitating a short‐term mating strategy in men. Eur J Pers: Published for the European Association of Personality Psychology, 23(1):5-18.
  • Referans38 Jonason PK, Webster GD (2010) The dirty dozen: A concise measure of the Dark Triad. Psychol Assess. 2010;22(2):420.
  • Referans39 Jones DN, Figueredo AJ (2013) The core of darkness: Uncovering the heart of the Dark Triad. Eur J Pers, 27(6):521-531.
  • Referans40 Jones DN, Paulhus DL (2010) Different provocations trigger aggression in narcissists and psychopaths. Soc Psychol Personal Sci, 1(1):12-18.
  • Referans41 Jones DN, Paulhus DL (2011) The role of impulsivity in the Dark Triad of personality. Pers Individ Dif, 51(5):679-682.
  • Referans42 Jones DN, Paulhus DL (2014) Introducing the short dark triad (SD3) a brief measure of dark personality traits. Assessment, 21(1):28-41.
  • Referans43 Kanten P, Yeşiltaş M, Arslan, R (2015) The moderating role of psychological contract in the effect of dark side of personality on counterproductive work behaviors. Atatürk Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 29(2):365-391.
  • Referans44 Karpman B (1948) The myth of the psychopathic personality. Am J Psychiatry, 104(9):523-534.
  • Referans45 Kernberg OF (1975) A systems approach to priority setting of interventions in groups. Int J Group Psychother, 25(3):251-275.
  • Referans46 Kessler SR, Bandelli AC, Spector PE, Borman WC, Nelson CE, Penney LM (2010) Re‐Examining machiavelli: A three‐dimensional model of machiavellianism in the workplace. J Appl Soc Psychol, 40(8):1868-1896.
  • Referans47 Kets de Vries MF, Miller D (1986) Personality, culture, and organization. Acad Manage Rev, 11(2): 266-279.
  • Referans48 Kohut H (1977) The restoration of the self. New York, International Universities Press.
  • Referans49 Lau KS, Marsee MA (2012) Exploring narcissism, psychopathy, and Machiavellianism in youth: Examination of associations with antisocial behavior and aggression. J Child Fam Stud, 22(3):355-367.
  • Referans50 Lee K, Ashton MC, Wiltshire J, Bourdage JS, Visser BA, Gallucci A (2013) Sex, power, and money: Prediction from the dark Triad and honesty–Humility. Eur J Pers, 27(2):169-184.
  • Referans51 Levenson MR (1992) Rethinking psychopathy. Theory Psychol, 2(1),51-71.
  • Referans52 Maccoby M (2000) Narcissistic leaders. Harv Bus Rev, 78(1):69-77.
  • Referans53 Malterer MB, Glass SJ, Newman JP (2008) Psychopathy and trait emotional intelligence. Pers Individ Dif, 44(3):735-745.
  • Referans54 McHoskey JW, Worzel W, Szyarto C (1998) Machiavellianism and psychopathy. J Pers Soc Psychol, 74(1):192-210.
  • Referans55 Miller CL, Fielden SJ, Tyndall MW, Zhang R, Gibson K, Shannon K (2011) Individual and structural vulnerability among female youth who exchange sex for survival. Journal of Adolescent Health, 49(1): 36-41.
  • Referans56 Molm LD (2010) The structure of reciprocity. Soc Psychol Q, 73(2):119-131.
  • Referans57 Özsoy E, Ardiç K (2017) Examining the Effects of the Dark Triad (Narcissism, Machiavellianism and Psychopathy) on Job Satisfaction. Yonetim ve Ekonomi, 24(2):391.
  • Referans58 Patrick CJ, Lang AR (1999) Psychopathic traits and intoxicated states: Affective concomitants and conceptual links. In Startle Modification: Implications for Neuroscience, Cognitive Science, and Clinical Science, (eds. Dawson ME, Schell AM, Bohmelt AH): 209-230. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
  • Referans59 Paulhus DL, Williams K, Harms P (2001) Shedding light on the dark triad of personality: Narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy. In: Annual meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology. San Antonio, TX.
  • Referans60 Paulhus DL, Williams KM (2002) The dark triad of personality: Narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy. J Res Pers, 36(6): 556-563.
  • Referans 61 Raskin R, Terry H (1988) A principal-components analysis of the Narcissistic Personality Inventory and further evidence of its construct validity. J Pers Soc Psychol, 54(5):890-902.
  • Referans62 Rauthmann JF (2012) The Dark Triad and interpersonal perception: Similarities and differences in the social consequences of narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy. Soc Psychol Personal Sci, 3(4):487-496.
  • Referans63 Ross SR, Lutz CJ, Bailley SE (2004) Psychopathy and the five factor model in a noninstitutionalized sample: A domain and facet level analysis. J Psychopathol Behav Assess, 26(4):213-223.
  • Referans64 Tepper BJ (2007) Abusive supervision in work organizations: Review, synthesis, and research agenda. J Manage, 33(3):261-289.
  • Referans65 Trivers RL, Campbell B (1972) Sexual selection and the descent of man. Chicago, Aldine Publishing Company.
  • Referans66 Vernon PA, Martin RA, Schermer JA, Mackie A (2008b) A behavioral genetic investigation of humor styles and their correlations with the Big-5 personality dimensions. Pers Individ Dif, 44(5):1116-1125.
  • Referans67 Vernon PA, Villani VC, Vickers LC, Harris JA (2008a) A behavioral genetic investigation of the Dark Triad and the Big 5. Pers Individ Dif, 44(2):445-452.
  • Referans68 Visser BA, Bay D, Cook GL, Myburgh J (2010) Psychopathic and antisocial, but not emotionally intelligent. Pers Individ Dif, 48:644-648.
  • Referans69 Vohs KD, Baumeister RF, Ciarocco NJ (2005) Self-regulation and self-presentation: regulatory resource depletion impairs impression management and effortful self-presentation depletes regulatory resources. J Pers Soc Psychol, 88(4):632.
  • Referans70 Wai M, Tiliopoulos N (2012) The affective and cognitive empathic nature of the dark triad of personality. Pers Individ Dif, 52(7),794-799.
  • Referans71 Yang Y, Raine A (2008) Functional neuroanatomy of psychopathy. Psychiatry, 7(3):133-136.

Social Malicious Personalities: The Dark Triad

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 3, 318 - 329, 30.09.2020
https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.629950

Öz

The dark sides of personality that are encountered in negative and unwanted ways in daily life are defined by the term Dark Triad, consisting of narcissism, psychopathy and Machiavellianism. Subclinical narcissism is described as high status indulgence, desire to be a leader, exaggerating its own qualities and underestimating others. In Machiavellianism, manipulating other people by hiding one's own negative characteristic and unethical behaviors in order to achieve their aims are important. Psychopathy is a negative subclinical personality trait characterized with high impulsivity and lack of empathy, tendency to be insensitive, not paying attention to human relations and not having remorse. Research shows that these conceptually different but empirically overlapping personality variables have an impact on different areas of a person's life. The aim of the article is to update and evaluate literature discussed the Dark Triad. In addition, it was thought that reviewing the scales which are aimed to measure the dark triad and adapted to Turkish might be useful for future studies. In this review article, the personality structures that make up the dark triad, the areas of influence and psychological measurement tools developed for are emphasized.

Kaynakça

  • Referans1 Arvan M (2013) A lot more bad news for conservatives, and a little bit of bad news for liberals? Moral judgments and the dark triad personality traits: A follow-up study. Neuroethics, 6(1): 51-64.
  • Referans2 Austin EJ, Farrelly D, Black C, Moore H (2007) Emotional intelligence, Machiavellianism and emotional manipulation: Does EI have a dark side?. Personality and individual differences, 43(1):179-189.
  • Referans3 Babiak P, Hare RD (2006) Snakes in suits: When psychopaths go to work. New York, NY, US: HarperCollins.Back MD, Schmukle SC, Egloff B (2010) Why are narcissists so charming at first sight? Decoding the narcissism–popularity link at zero acquaintance. J Pers Soc Psychol, 98(1): 132-145.
  • Referans4 Board BJ, Fritzon K (2005) Disordered personalities at work. Psychol Crime Law, 11(1):17-32.
  • Referans5 Botwin MD, Buss DM, Shackelford TK (1997) Personality and mate preferences: Five factors in mate selection and marital satisfaction. J Pers, 65(1):107-136.
  • Referans6 Bradlee PM, Emmons RA (1992) Locating narcissism within the interpersonal circumplex and the five-factor model. Pers Individ Dif, 13(7):821-830.Brunell AB, Gentry WA, Campbell WK, Hoffman BJ, Kuhnert KW, DeMarree KG (2008) Leader emergence: The case of the narcissistic leader. Pers Soc Psychol Bull, 34(12):1663-1676.
  • Referans7 Burger JM (2006) Personality (Çeviri İD Erguvan -Sarıoğlu). İstanbul: Kaknüs Yayınları.
  • Referans8 Bushman BJ, Baumeister RF (1998) Threatened egotism, narcissism, self-esteem, and direct and displaced aggression: Does self-love or self-hate lead to violence?. J Pers Soc Psychol, 75(1): 219-229.
  • Referans9 Buss DM (1984) Marital assortment for personality dispositions: Assessment with three different data sources. Behav Genet, 14(2):111-123.
  • Referans10 Buss DM (1991) Evolutionary personality psychology. Annu Rev Clin Psychol, 42(1):459-491.
  • Referans11 Buss D (1993) Ways to curtail employee theft. Nations Bus, 81(4):36-37.
  • Referans12 Campbell WK, Foster CA (2002) Narcissism and commitment in romantic relationships: An investment model analysis. Pers Soc Psychol Bull, 28(4): 484-495.
  • Referans13 Campbell WK, Hoffman BJ, Campbell SM, Marchisio G (2011) Narcissism in organizational contexts. Human Resource Management Review, 21(4):268-284.
  • Referans14 Christie R, Geis F (1970) Scale construction. Studies in Machiavellianism, 34(4): 10-34.
  • Referans15 Cihangiroğlu N (2012) Is there any relationship between narcissistic personality and organizational commitment?. Turk Silahlı Kuvvetleri Koruyucu Hekim Bul, 11(2):119-126.
  • Referans16 Cleckley H (1976) The mask of sanity 5th ed. p. 346 St. Louis, MO, Mosby.
  • Referans17 Deluga RJ (1997) Relationship among American presidential charismatic leadership, narcissism, and rated performance. Leadersh Q, 8(1):49-65.DePaulo, B (2010) The psychology of Dexter. Dallas, TX, Ben Bella Books.
  • Referans18 Eysenck HJ (1954) The science of personality: Nomothetic. Psychol Rev, 61(5): 339-342.
  • Referans19 Fehr B, Samsom D, Paulhus DL (1992) The construct of Machiavellianism: Twenty years later. In: Spielberger CD, Butcher JN, eds. Advances in personality assessment. Hilsdale. p. 77-116 NJ, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • Referans20 Foster JD, Shrira I, Campbell WK (2006) Theoretical models of narcissism, sexuality, and relationship commitment. J Soc Pers Relat, 23(3): 367-386.
  • Referans21 Geçtan E. (2006) Psychodynamic psychiatry and abnormal behavior. İstanbul, Metis Yayınları.
  • Referans22 Glenn AL, Iyer R, Graham J, Koleva S, Haidt J (2009) Are all types of morality compromised in psychopathy?. J Pers Disord, 23(4):384-398.
  • Referans23 Goleman D (2006) Sosyal zekâ: İnsan ilişkilerinin yeni bilimi. İstanbul, Varlık Yayınları.
  • Referans24 Griffin RW, O'Leary-Kelly A, Pritchard RD (2004) The dark side of organizational behavior (pp. 1-20). San Francisco, CA, Jossey-Bass.
  • Referans25 Hare RD (1995) Psychopathy: Theory, research and implications for society: An introduction. Issues in Criminological & Legal Psychology, 24:4-5.
  • Referans26 Hare RD, Neumann CS (2008) Psychopathy as a clinical and empirical construct. Annu Rev Clin Psychol, 4:217-246.
  • Referans27 Hare RD, Neumann CS (2009) Psychopathy: Assessment and forensic implications. Can J Psychiatry, 54(12):791-802.
  • Referans28 Harms PD, Spain SM, Hannah ST (2011) Leader development and the dark side of personality. Leadersh Q, 22(3):495-509.
  • Referans29 Harms PD, Spain SM, Wood D (2014) Mapping personality in dark places. Ind Organ Psychol, 7(1):114-117.
  • Referans30 Hogan R (2007) Personality and the fate of organizations. p. 167. Mahwah, NJ, US, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers.
  • Referans31 Hogan R, Hogan J (2001) Assessing leadership: A view from the dark side. International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 9(1‐2):40-51.
  • Referans32 Hogan R, Kaiser RB (2005) What we know about leadership. Rev Gen Psychol, 9:169-180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/1089-2680.9.2.169
  • Referans33 Hurley S (2005) Social heuristics that make us smarter. Philos Psychol, 18(5):585-612.
  • Referans34 Jonason PK, Kavanagh P (2010) The dark side of love: Love styles and the Dark Triad. Pers Individ Dif, 49(6):606-610.
  • Referans36 Jonason PK, Li NP, Buss DM (2010) The costs and benefits of the Dark Triad: Implications for mate poaching and mate retention tactics. Pers Individ Dif, 48(4):373-378.
  • Referans37 Jonason PK, Li NP, Webster GD, Schmitt DP (2009) The dark triad: Facilitating a short‐term mating strategy in men. Eur J Pers: Published for the European Association of Personality Psychology, 23(1):5-18.
  • Referans38 Jonason PK, Webster GD (2010) The dirty dozen: A concise measure of the Dark Triad. Psychol Assess. 2010;22(2):420.
  • Referans39 Jones DN, Figueredo AJ (2013) The core of darkness: Uncovering the heart of the Dark Triad. Eur J Pers, 27(6):521-531.
  • Referans40 Jones DN, Paulhus DL (2010) Different provocations trigger aggression in narcissists and psychopaths. Soc Psychol Personal Sci, 1(1):12-18.
  • Referans41 Jones DN, Paulhus DL (2011) The role of impulsivity in the Dark Triad of personality. Pers Individ Dif, 51(5):679-682.
  • Referans42 Jones DN, Paulhus DL (2014) Introducing the short dark triad (SD3) a brief measure of dark personality traits. Assessment, 21(1):28-41.
  • Referans43 Kanten P, Yeşiltaş M, Arslan, R (2015) The moderating role of psychological contract in the effect of dark side of personality on counterproductive work behaviors. Atatürk Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 29(2):365-391.
  • Referans44 Karpman B (1948) The myth of the psychopathic personality. Am J Psychiatry, 104(9):523-534.
  • Referans45 Kernberg OF (1975) A systems approach to priority setting of interventions in groups. Int J Group Psychother, 25(3):251-275.
  • Referans46 Kessler SR, Bandelli AC, Spector PE, Borman WC, Nelson CE, Penney LM (2010) Re‐Examining machiavelli: A three‐dimensional model of machiavellianism in the workplace. J Appl Soc Psychol, 40(8):1868-1896.
  • Referans47 Kets de Vries MF, Miller D (1986) Personality, culture, and organization. Acad Manage Rev, 11(2): 266-279.
  • Referans48 Kohut H (1977) The restoration of the self. New York, International Universities Press.
  • Referans49 Lau KS, Marsee MA (2012) Exploring narcissism, psychopathy, and Machiavellianism in youth: Examination of associations with antisocial behavior and aggression. J Child Fam Stud, 22(3):355-367.
  • Referans50 Lee K, Ashton MC, Wiltshire J, Bourdage JS, Visser BA, Gallucci A (2013) Sex, power, and money: Prediction from the dark Triad and honesty–Humility. Eur J Pers, 27(2):169-184.
  • Referans51 Levenson MR (1992) Rethinking psychopathy. Theory Psychol, 2(1),51-71.
  • Referans52 Maccoby M (2000) Narcissistic leaders. Harv Bus Rev, 78(1):69-77.
  • Referans53 Malterer MB, Glass SJ, Newman JP (2008) Psychopathy and trait emotional intelligence. Pers Individ Dif, 44(3):735-745.
  • Referans54 McHoskey JW, Worzel W, Szyarto C (1998) Machiavellianism and psychopathy. J Pers Soc Psychol, 74(1):192-210.
  • Referans55 Miller CL, Fielden SJ, Tyndall MW, Zhang R, Gibson K, Shannon K (2011) Individual and structural vulnerability among female youth who exchange sex for survival. Journal of Adolescent Health, 49(1): 36-41.
  • Referans56 Molm LD (2010) The structure of reciprocity. Soc Psychol Q, 73(2):119-131.
  • Referans57 Özsoy E, Ardiç K (2017) Examining the Effects of the Dark Triad (Narcissism, Machiavellianism and Psychopathy) on Job Satisfaction. Yonetim ve Ekonomi, 24(2):391.
  • Referans58 Patrick CJ, Lang AR (1999) Psychopathic traits and intoxicated states: Affective concomitants and conceptual links. In Startle Modification: Implications for Neuroscience, Cognitive Science, and Clinical Science, (eds. Dawson ME, Schell AM, Bohmelt AH): 209-230. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
  • Referans59 Paulhus DL, Williams K, Harms P (2001) Shedding light on the dark triad of personality: Narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy. In: Annual meeting of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology. San Antonio, TX.
  • Referans60 Paulhus DL, Williams KM (2002) The dark triad of personality: Narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy. J Res Pers, 36(6): 556-563.
  • Referans 61 Raskin R, Terry H (1988) A principal-components analysis of the Narcissistic Personality Inventory and further evidence of its construct validity. J Pers Soc Psychol, 54(5):890-902.
  • Referans62 Rauthmann JF (2012) The Dark Triad and interpersonal perception: Similarities and differences in the social consequences of narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy. Soc Psychol Personal Sci, 3(4):487-496.
  • Referans63 Ross SR, Lutz CJ, Bailley SE (2004) Psychopathy and the five factor model in a noninstitutionalized sample: A domain and facet level analysis. J Psychopathol Behav Assess, 26(4):213-223.
  • Referans64 Tepper BJ (2007) Abusive supervision in work organizations: Review, synthesis, and research agenda. J Manage, 33(3):261-289.
  • Referans65 Trivers RL, Campbell B (1972) Sexual selection and the descent of man. Chicago, Aldine Publishing Company.
  • Referans66 Vernon PA, Martin RA, Schermer JA, Mackie A (2008b) A behavioral genetic investigation of humor styles and their correlations with the Big-5 personality dimensions. Pers Individ Dif, 44(5):1116-1125.
  • Referans67 Vernon PA, Villani VC, Vickers LC, Harris JA (2008a) A behavioral genetic investigation of the Dark Triad and the Big 5. Pers Individ Dif, 44(2):445-452.
  • Referans68 Visser BA, Bay D, Cook GL, Myburgh J (2010) Psychopathic and antisocial, but not emotionally intelligent. Pers Individ Dif, 48:644-648.
  • Referans69 Vohs KD, Baumeister RF, Ciarocco NJ (2005) Self-regulation and self-presentation: regulatory resource depletion impairs impression management and effortful self-presentation depletes regulatory resources. J Pers Soc Psychol, 88(4):632.
  • Referans70 Wai M, Tiliopoulos N (2012) The affective and cognitive empathic nature of the dark triad of personality. Pers Individ Dif, 52(7),794-799.
  • Referans71 Yang Y, Raine A (2008) Functional neuroanatomy of psychopathy. Psychiatry, 7(3):133-136.
Toplam 70 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Uygulamalı ve Gelişimsel Psikoloji
Bölüm Derleme
Yazarlar

Zeynep Set

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Eylül 2020
Kabul Tarihi 25 Kasım 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Cilt: 12 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

AMA Set Z. Sosyal Kötücül Kişilikler: Karanlık Üçlü. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar. Eylül 2020;12(3):318-329. doi:10.18863/pgy.629950

Creative Commons Lisansı
Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar Creative Commons Atıf-Gayriticari-Türetilemez 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı ile lisanslanmıştır.