Araştırma Makalesi
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Psychometric Properties of the Behavioral Inhibition System and Behavioral Activation System Scale in Turkish Community Sample

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 12 Sayı: Ek 1 (Araştırma Sayısı), 219 - 234, 29.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.785113

Öz

The aim of this study was to assess the validity and reliability of Behavioral Inhibition System (BIS) and Behavioral Activation System (BAS) scale in Turkish community sample and to examine the factor structure of the scale according to revised Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory (RST). The study was done with a community sample of 441 participants, 237 female and 204 male, in the range of 18-65 years. The confirmatory factor analysis was done for both 4 factor structure model mentioned in the original RST and for 5 factor structure model suggested in the revised RST. The goodness of fit indexes of 5 factor model were at acceptable levels and the model was confirmed. For convergent validity, Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Revised-Abbreviated Form (EPQR-A) was applied to 220 participants and Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-II) was applied to 66 participants from the research sample. At reliability analysis of scale, as the result of internal consistency of five subscales, Cronbach alpha coefficients of the subscales were found between 0.55 and 0.74. The results showed that BİS/BAS scale has powerful psychometric evidences and in community sample it is a valid and reliable scale for assessing Behavioral Inhibition, Behavioral Activation and Fight, Flight, Freeze systems which are neurobiological-based systems in revised RST.

Kaynakça

  • Beck I, Smits DJM, Claes L, Vandereycken W, Bijttebier P (2009) Psychometric evaluation of the behavioral inhibition/behavioral activation system scales and the sensitivity to punishment and sensitivity to reward questionnaire in a sample of eating disordered patients. Pers Individ Dif, 47:407-412.
  • Bilge Y (1998) Operant öğrenmede kişilik tipleri ve takviye türleri arasındaki ilişki (Yüksek lisans tezi). İstanbul, İstanbul Üniversitesi.
  • Bilge Y, Balaban G (2019) İçedönük ve dışadönük kişilik tipleriyle davranışsal inhibisyon ve davranışsal aktivasyon sistemleri arasındaki ilişkiler: deneysel ve psikometrik bir çalışma. Yeni Symposium, 57:8-14. doi: 10.5455NYS.20190908064726
  • Bilge Y, Bilge Y (2017) The examination of the relationship between gender and socio-economic level factors with psychological disorders in adolescents in Turkey. Global Journal of Psychology Research: New Trends and Issues, 7:100-110.
  • Bilge Y, Bilge Y (2018) Behavioral inhibition and behavioral activation system levels, and DSM-5 psychopathological symptoms in Turkish adolescents. International Review of Humanities and Scientific Research (IRHSR), 3:88-98.
  • Bjørnebekk G (2009) Psychometric properties of the scores on the behavioral inhibition and activation scales in a sample of Norwegian children. Educ Psychol Meas, 69:636-654.
  • Blanchard DC, Griebel G, Blanchard RJ (2001) Mouse defensive behaviours: pharmacological and behavioral assays for anxiety and panic. Neurosci Biobehav Rev, 25:205-218.
  • Büyüköztürk Ş (2002) Faktör Analizi: Temel kavramlar ve ölçek geliştirmede kullanımı. Kuram ve Uygulamada Eğitim Yönetimi, 32: 470-480.
  • Caci H, Deschaux O, Baylé FJ (2007) Psychometric properties of the French versions of the BIS/BAS scales and the SPSRQ. Pers Individ Dif, 42:987-998.
  • Campbell-Sills L, Liverant GI, Brown TA (2004) Psychometric evaluation of the behavioral inhibition/behavioral activation scales in a large sample of outpatients with anxiety and mood disorders. Psychol Assess, 16:244-254.
  • Carver CS, White T (1994) Behavioral inhibition, behavioural activation, and affective responses to impending reward and punishment: the BIS/BAS scales. J Pers Soc Psychol, 67:319–333.
  • Cassidy G, MacDonald R (2007) The effect of background music and background noise on the task performance of introverts and extraverts. Psychol Music, 35:517-537. Che Q, Yang P, Gao H, Liu M, Zhang J, Cai T (2020) Application of the Chienese version of the BIS/BAS scales with participants with a substance use disorder: an analysis of psychometric properties and comparison with community residents. Front Psychol, 11:912. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00912
  • Colovic P, Smederevac S, Olijaca M, Nikolasevic Z, Mitrovic D (2018) A short measure of the revised reinforcement sensitivity theory – RSQ17. J Psychol, 152:133-150.
  • Corr PJ (2002) J. A. Gray’s reinforcement sensitivity theory: tests of the joint subsytems hypothesis of anxiety and impulsivity. Pers Individ Dif, 33:511-532.
  • Çokluk ÖS, Şekercioğlu G, Büyüköztürk S (2012) Sosyal bilimler için çok değişkenli istatistik: Spss ve lirsel uygulamaları. Ankara, Pegem Akademi Yayıncılık.
  • Dissbandara L, Loxton N, Dias S, Daglish M, Stadlin A (2011) Psychometric properties of three personality inventories translated to Sinhalese. SL J Psychiatry, 2:13-17.
  • Dissabandara L, Loxton N, Dias S, Daglish M, Stadlin A (2012) Testing the fear and anxiety distinction in the BIS/BAS scales in community and heroin-dependent samples. Pers Individ Dif, 52:888-892.
  • Doucet C, Stelmack RM (2000) An event-related potential analysis of extraversion and individual differences in cognitive processing speed and response execution. J Pers Soc Psychol, 78:956-964.
  • Eysenck HJ (1965) Fact and fiction in psychology. Middlesex England, Penguin Books Ltd.
  • Eysenck HJ (1967) The biological basis of personality. Springfield, III., Thomas.
  • Eysenck HJ, Eysenck SBG (1975) Manual of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire. London, Hodder and Stoughton.
  • Francis LJ, Brown LB, Philipchalk R (1992) The development of an abbreviated form of the Revised Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQR-A): its use among students in England, Canada, the USA and Australia. Pers Individ Dif, 13:443-449.
  • Franken IHA, Muris P, Rassin E (2005) Psychometric properties of the Dutch BIS/BAS scales. J Psychopathol Behav Essess, 27:25-30.
  • Furnham A, Bradley A (1997) Music while you work the differential distraction of background music on the cognitive test performance of introverts and exrtaverts. Appl Cogn Psychol, 11:445-455.
  • Gray JA (1970) The psychophysiological basis of ıntroversion–extraversion. Behav Res Ther, 8:249–266.
  • Gray JA (1981) A critique of Eysenck’s theory of personality. In A model of personality. (Ed HJ Eysenck): 246–276. New York, Springer.
  • Gray JA (1982) The neuropsychology of anxiety: an enquiry in to the functions of the septohippocampal system, Oxford, Oxford University Press.
  • Gray JA, Mcnaughton N (2000) The neuropsychology of anxiety: an enquiry in to the functions of the septo-hippocampal system, 2nd ed. Oxford, Oxford University Press.
  • Gray JD, Hanna D, Gillen A, Rushe T (2016) A closer look at Carver and White’s BIS/BAS scales: factor analysis and age group differences. Pers Individ Dif, 95:20-24.
  • Gremore TM, Chapman AL, Farmer RF (2005) Passive avoidance learning as a function of behavioral inhibition and activation among female inmates. Pers Individ Dif, 39:925-936.
  • Gupta BS (1976) Extraversion and reinforcement in verbal operant conditioning. Br J Psychol, 67:47–52.
  • Gupta BS, Nagpal M (1978) Impulsivity/sociability and reinforcement in verbal operant conditioning. Br J Psychol, 69:203-206.
  • Gupta S, Shukla AP (1989) Verbal operant conditioning as a function of extraversion and reinforcement. Br J Psychol, 80:39-44.
  • Heritage AJ, Long LJ, Woodman GF, Zald DH (2018) Personality correlates of individual differences in the recruitment of cognitive mechanisms when rewards are at stake. Psychophysiology, 55:e12987.
  • Heym N, Ferguson E, Lawrence C (2008) An evaluation of the relationship between Gray’s revised RST and Eysenck’s PEN: distinguishing BIS and FFFS in Carver and White’s BIS/BAS scales. Pers Individ Dif, 45:709-715
  • Jackson CJ (2009) Jackson-5 scales of revised reinforcement sensitivity theory (r-RST) and their application to dysfunctional real world outcomes. J Res Pers, 43:556–569.
  • Johnson SL, Turner RJ, Iwata N (2003) BIS/BAS levels and psychiatric disorder: an epidemiological study. J Psychopathol Behav Assess, 25:25-36.
  • Karancı N, Dirik G, Yorulmaz O (2007) Eysenck Kişilik Anketi-Gözden Geçirilmiş Kısaltılmış Formu’nun (EKA-GGK) Türkiye’de geçerlik ve güvenirlilik çalışması. Türk Psikiyatri Derg, 18:1-8.
  • Kimbrel NA, Cobb AR, Mitchell Jt, Hundt NE, Nelson-Gray RO (2008) Sensitivity to punishment and low maternal care account fort he link between bulimic and social anxiety symptomology. Eat Behav, 9:210-217.
  • Kimbrel NA, Cobb AR, Mitchell JT, Nelson-Gray RO (2010) An examination of the relationship between behavioral approach system (BAS) sensitivity and social interaction anxiety. J Anxiety Disord, 24:372-378.
  • Kingsbury A, Coplan RJ, Weeks M, Rose-Krasnor L (2013) Covering all the BAS’s: a closer look at the links between BIS, BAS, and socio-emotional functioning in childhood. Pers Individ Dif, 55:521-526.
  • Kramer S, Rodriguez BF, Kertz SJ (2015) Predicting socially anxious group membership using reinforcement sensitivity theory. Pers Individ Dif, 86:474-476.
  • Loxton NJ, Tipman RJ (2017) Reward sensitivity and food addiction in women. Appetite, 115:28-35.
  • MacAndrew C, Steele T (1991) Gray’s behavioral inhibition system: a psychometric examination. Pers Individ Dif, 12:157-171.
  • Marsh HW, Hau KT, Artelt C, Baumert J, Peschar JL (2006) OECD’s brief self-report measure of educational psychology’s most useful affective constructs: cross-cultural, psychometric comparisons across 25 countries. International Journal of Testing, 6:311-360.
  • McCord RR, Wakefield JA (1981) Arithmetic achievement as a function of introversion-extraversion and teacher-presented reward and punishment. Pers Individ Dif, 2:145-152.
  • Muris P, Meesters C, de Kanter E, Timmerman PE (2005) Behavioural inhibition and behavioural activation system scales for children: relationships with Eysenck’s personality traits and psychopathological symptoms. Pers Individ Dif, 38:831-841.
  • Müller JM, Wytykowska A (2005) Psychometric properties and validation of a Polish adaptation of Carver and White’s BIS/BAS scales. Pers Individ Dif, 39:795-805.
  • Nagpal M, Gupta BS (1979) Personality, reinforcement and verbal operant conditioning. Br J Psychol, 70:471–476.
  • Niditch LA, Varela RE (2018) A longitudinal study of inhibited temperament, efortful control, gender, and anxiety in early childhood. Child Youth Care Forum, 47:463-479.
  • Pavlov I. (1963) Şartlı refleksler ve sinir bozuklukları. (Çeviri Ed. N Arkun). İstanbul, İstanbul Matbaası.
  • Pickering AD, Gray JA (1999) The neuroscience of personality. In Handbook of personality: theory and research, 2nd ed. (Eds LA Pervin, OP John):277-299. New York, Guilford Press.
  • Poythress NG, Skeem JL, Weir J, Lilienfeld SO, Douglas KS, Edens JF et al (2008) Psychometric properties of Carver and White’s (1994) BIS/BAS scales in a large sample of offenders. Pers Individ Dif, 45:732-737.
  • Sava FA, Sperneac A (2006) Sensitivity to reward and sensitivity to punishment rating scales: a validation study on the Romanian population. Pers Individ Dif, 41:1445-1456.
  • Seçer İ (2015) Psikolojik test geliştirme ve uyarlama süreci: spss ve lisrel ile faktör analizi uygulamaları, 1st ed. Ankara, Anı Yayıncılık.
  • Slobodskaya HR (2007) The associations among the big five, behavioural inhibition and behavioural approach systems and child and adolescent adjustment in Russia. Pers Individ Dif, 43:913-924.
  • Spielberger CD, Gorsuch RL, Lushene RE (1970) Manual for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Polo Alto, CA, Consulting Psychologists Press.
  • Strobel A, Beaducel A, Debener S, Brocke B (2001) A German version of Carver and White’s BIS/BAS scales. Zeitschrift für Differentielle und Diagnostische Psychologie, 22:216-227. Şimşek ÖF (2007) Yapısal eşitlik modellemesine giriş, temel ilkeler ve lisrel uygulamaları. Ankara, Ekinoks
  • Şişman S (2012) Davranışsal İnhibisyon Sistemi / Davranışsal Aktivasyon Sistemi Ölçeği’nin Türkçe’ye uyarlanması: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Psikoloji Çalışmaları, 32:1-22.
  • Tabachnick BG, Fidell LS (2007) Using Multivariate Statistics, 5th ed. New York: Allyn and Bacon.
  • Takahashi Y, Yamagata S, Kijima N, Shigemasu K, Ono Y, Ando J (2007) Gray’s temperament model: development of Japanese version of BIS/BAS scales and a behavior genetic investigation using the twin method. The Japanese Journal of Personality, 15:276-289. Torrubia R, Tobeña A (1984) A scale fort he assessment of ‘susceptibility to punishment’ as a measure of anxiety: preliminary results. Pers Individ Dif, 5:371-375.
  • Torrubia R, Avila C, Molto J, Caseras X (2001) The sensitivity to punishment and sensitivity to reward questionnaire (SPSRQ) as a measure Gray’s anxiety and impulsivity dimensions. Pers Individ Dif, 31:837–862.
  • Vervoort L, Wolters LH, Hogendoorn SM, De Haan E, Boer F, Prins PJ (2010) Sensitivity of Gray’s behavioral inhibition system in clinically anxious and non-anxious children and adolescenta. Pers Individ Dif, 48: 629-633.
  • Wilson D, O’Connor EL (2017) Mindfulness, personality and disordered eating. Pers Individ Dif, 119:7-12.
  • Wilson GD, Barrett PT, Gray JA (1989) Human reactions to reward and punishment: a questionnaire examination of Gray’s personality theory. Br J Psychol, 80:509-515.
  • Yu R, Branje SJT, Keijsers L, Meeus WHJ (2011) Psychometric characteristics of Carver and White’s BIS/BAS scales in Dutch adolescents and their mothers. J Pers Assess, 93:500-507.

Davranışsal İnhibisyon Sistemi ve Davranışsal Aktivasyon Sistemi Ölçeğinin Türk Toplum Örnekleminde Psikometrik Özellikleri

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 12 Sayı: Ek 1 (Araştırma Sayısı), 219 - 234, 29.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.785113

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Davranışsal İnhibisyon Sistemi (DİS)ve Davranışsal Aktivasyon Sistemi (DAS) ölçeğinin geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışmasının Türk toplum örnekleminde gerçekleştirilmesi ve faktör yapısının revize edilmiş Pekiştireç Duyarlılık Teorisi (PDT) açısından incelenmesidir. Çalışma, yaşları 18-65 arasında 237’si kadın ve 204’ü erkek olmak üzere toplam 441 kişilik toplum örnekleminde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ölçeğin doğrulayıcı faktör analizi hem orijinal PDT’de geçen 4 faktörlü hem de revize edilmiş PDT’de önerilen 5 faktörlü yapı modelleri için yapılmıştır. Analiz sonucunda 5 faktörlü yapı modelinin uyum iyiliği indekslerinin kabul edilebilir seviyede olduğu ve modelin doğrulandığı görülmüştür. Yakınsak geçerlik için araştırma örnekleminden 220 kişiye Eysenck Kişilik Envanteri Kısa Formu ve 66 kişiye Sürekli Kaygı Envanteri uygulanmıştır. Ölçeğin güvenirlik analizinde beş alt ölçek için yapılan iç tutarlık analizleri sonucunda alt ölçeklerin Cronbach alfa katsayıları 0.55 ila 0.74 arasında bulunmuştur. Yapılan analizler sonucunda elde edilen verilere göre DİS/DAS ölçeğinin güçlü psikometrik kanıtlara sahip olduğu ve toplum örneklemin-de revize edilmiş PDT’de yer alan nörobiyolojik temelli Davranışsal İnhibisyon, Davranışsal Aktivasyon ve Dövüş, Kaç, Don Sistem-lerinin değerlendirilmesinde kullanılabilecek güvenilir ve geçerli bir ölçek olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Kaynakça

  • Beck I, Smits DJM, Claes L, Vandereycken W, Bijttebier P (2009) Psychometric evaluation of the behavioral inhibition/behavioral activation system scales and the sensitivity to punishment and sensitivity to reward questionnaire in a sample of eating disordered patients. Pers Individ Dif, 47:407-412.
  • Bilge Y (1998) Operant öğrenmede kişilik tipleri ve takviye türleri arasındaki ilişki (Yüksek lisans tezi). İstanbul, İstanbul Üniversitesi.
  • Bilge Y, Balaban G (2019) İçedönük ve dışadönük kişilik tipleriyle davranışsal inhibisyon ve davranışsal aktivasyon sistemleri arasındaki ilişkiler: deneysel ve psikometrik bir çalışma. Yeni Symposium, 57:8-14. doi: 10.5455NYS.20190908064726
  • Bilge Y, Bilge Y (2017) The examination of the relationship between gender and socio-economic level factors with psychological disorders in adolescents in Turkey. Global Journal of Psychology Research: New Trends and Issues, 7:100-110.
  • Bilge Y, Bilge Y (2018) Behavioral inhibition and behavioral activation system levels, and DSM-5 psychopathological symptoms in Turkish adolescents. International Review of Humanities and Scientific Research (IRHSR), 3:88-98.
  • Bjørnebekk G (2009) Psychometric properties of the scores on the behavioral inhibition and activation scales in a sample of Norwegian children. Educ Psychol Meas, 69:636-654.
  • Blanchard DC, Griebel G, Blanchard RJ (2001) Mouse defensive behaviours: pharmacological and behavioral assays for anxiety and panic. Neurosci Biobehav Rev, 25:205-218.
  • Büyüköztürk Ş (2002) Faktör Analizi: Temel kavramlar ve ölçek geliştirmede kullanımı. Kuram ve Uygulamada Eğitim Yönetimi, 32: 470-480.
  • Caci H, Deschaux O, Baylé FJ (2007) Psychometric properties of the French versions of the BIS/BAS scales and the SPSRQ. Pers Individ Dif, 42:987-998.
  • Campbell-Sills L, Liverant GI, Brown TA (2004) Psychometric evaluation of the behavioral inhibition/behavioral activation scales in a large sample of outpatients with anxiety and mood disorders. Psychol Assess, 16:244-254.
  • Carver CS, White T (1994) Behavioral inhibition, behavioural activation, and affective responses to impending reward and punishment: the BIS/BAS scales. J Pers Soc Psychol, 67:319–333.
  • Cassidy G, MacDonald R (2007) The effect of background music and background noise on the task performance of introverts and extraverts. Psychol Music, 35:517-537. Che Q, Yang P, Gao H, Liu M, Zhang J, Cai T (2020) Application of the Chienese version of the BIS/BAS scales with participants with a substance use disorder: an analysis of psychometric properties and comparison with community residents. Front Psychol, 11:912. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00912
  • Colovic P, Smederevac S, Olijaca M, Nikolasevic Z, Mitrovic D (2018) A short measure of the revised reinforcement sensitivity theory – RSQ17. J Psychol, 152:133-150.
  • Corr PJ (2002) J. A. Gray’s reinforcement sensitivity theory: tests of the joint subsytems hypothesis of anxiety and impulsivity. Pers Individ Dif, 33:511-532.
  • Çokluk ÖS, Şekercioğlu G, Büyüköztürk S (2012) Sosyal bilimler için çok değişkenli istatistik: Spss ve lirsel uygulamaları. Ankara, Pegem Akademi Yayıncılık.
  • Dissbandara L, Loxton N, Dias S, Daglish M, Stadlin A (2011) Psychometric properties of three personality inventories translated to Sinhalese. SL J Psychiatry, 2:13-17.
  • Dissabandara L, Loxton N, Dias S, Daglish M, Stadlin A (2012) Testing the fear and anxiety distinction in the BIS/BAS scales in community and heroin-dependent samples. Pers Individ Dif, 52:888-892.
  • Doucet C, Stelmack RM (2000) An event-related potential analysis of extraversion and individual differences in cognitive processing speed and response execution. J Pers Soc Psychol, 78:956-964.
  • Eysenck HJ (1965) Fact and fiction in psychology. Middlesex England, Penguin Books Ltd.
  • Eysenck HJ (1967) The biological basis of personality. Springfield, III., Thomas.
  • Eysenck HJ, Eysenck SBG (1975) Manual of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire. London, Hodder and Stoughton.
  • Francis LJ, Brown LB, Philipchalk R (1992) The development of an abbreviated form of the Revised Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQR-A): its use among students in England, Canada, the USA and Australia. Pers Individ Dif, 13:443-449.
  • Franken IHA, Muris P, Rassin E (2005) Psychometric properties of the Dutch BIS/BAS scales. J Psychopathol Behav Essess, 27:25-30.
  • Furnham A, Bradley A (1997) Music while you work the differential distraction of background music on the cognitive test performance of introverts and exrtaverts. Appl Cogn Psychol, 11:445-455.
  • Gray JA (1970) The psychophysiological basis of ıntroversion–extraversion. Behav Res Ther, 8:249–266.
  • Gray JA (1981) A critique of Eysenck’s theory of personality. In A model of personality. (Ed HJ Eysenck): 246–276. New York, Springer.
  • Gray JA (1982) The neuropsychology of anxiety: an enquiry in to the functions of the septohippocampal system, Oxford, Oxford University Press.
  • Gray JA, Mcnaughton N (2000) The neuropsychology of anxiety: an enquiry in to the functions of the septo-hippocampal system, 2nd ed. Oxford, Oxford University Press.
  • Gray JD, Hanna D, Gillen A, Rushe T (2016) A closer look at Carver and White’s BIS/BAS scales: factor analysis and age group differences. Pers Individ Dif, 95:20-24.
  • Gremore TM, Chapman AL, Farmer RF (2005) Passive avoidance learning as a function of behavioral inhibition and activation among female inmates. Pers Individ Dif, 39:925-936.
  • Gupta BS (1976) Extraversion and reinforcement in verbal operant conditioning. Br J Psychol, 67:47–52.
  • Gupta BS, Nagpal M (1978) Impulsivity/sociability and reinforcement in verbal operant conditioning. Br J Psychol, 69:203-206.
  • Gupta S, Shukla AP (1989) Verbal operant conditioning as a function of extraversion and reinforcement. Br J Psychol, 80:39-44.
  • Heritage AJ, Long LJ, Woodman GF, Zald DH (2018) Personality correlates of individual differences in the recruitment of cognitive mechanisms when rewards are at stake. Psychophysiology, 55:e12987.
  • Heym N, Ferguson E, Lawrence C (2008) An evaluation of the relationship between Gray’s revised RST and Eysenck’s PEN: distinguishing BIS and FFFS in Carver and White’s BIS/BAS scales. Pers Individ Dif, 45:709-715
  • Jackson CJ (2009) Jackson-5 scales of revised reinforcement sensitivity theory (r-RST) and their application to dysfunctional real world outcomes. J Res Pers, 43:556–569.
  • Johnson SL, Turner RJ, Iwata N (2003) BIS/BAS levels and psychiatric disorder: an epidemiological study. J Psychopathol Behav Assess, 25:25-36.
  • Karancı N, Dirik G, Yorulmaz O (2007) Eysenck Kişilik Anketi-Gözden Geçirilmiş Kısaltılmış Formu’nun (EKA-GGK) Türkiye’de geçerlik ve güvenirlilik çalışması. Türk Psikiyatri Derg, 18:1-8.
  • Kimbrel NA, Cobb AR, Mitchell Jt, Hundt NE, Nelson-Gray RO (2008) Sensitivity to punishment and low maternal care account fort he link between bulimic and social anxiety symptomology. Eat Behav, 9:210-217.
  • Kimbrel NA, Cobb AR, Mitchell JT, Nelson-Gray RO (2010) An examination of the relationship between behavioral approach system (BAS) sensitivity and social interaction anxiety. J Anxiety Disord, 24:372-378.
  • Kingsbury A, Coplan RJ, Weeks M, Rose-Krasnor L (2013) Covering all the BAS’s: a closer look at the links between BIS, BAS, and socio-emotional functioning in childhood. Pers Individ Dif, 55:521-526.
  • Kramer S, Rodriguez BF, Kertz SJ (2015) Predicting socially anxious group membership using reinforcement sensitivity theory. Pers Individ Dif, 86:474-476.
  • Loxton NJ, Tipman RJ (2017) Reward sensitivity and food addiction in women. Appetite, 115:28-35.
  • MacAndrew C, Steele T (1991) Gray’s behavioral inhibition system: a psychometric examination. Pers Individ Dif, 12:157-171.
  • Marsh HW, Hau KT, Artelt C, Baumert J, Peschar JL (2006) OECD’s brief self-report measure of educational psychology’s most useful affective constructs: cross-cultural, psychometric comparisons across 25 countries. International Journal of Testing, 6:311-360.
  • McCord RR, Wakefield JA (1981) Arithmetic achievement as a function of introversion-extraversion and teacher-presented reward and punishment. Pers Individ Dif, 2:145-152.
  • Muris P, Meesters C, de Kanter E, Timmerman PE (2005) Behavioural inhibition and behavioural activation system scales for children: relationships with Eysenck’s personality traits and psychopathological symptoms. Pers Individ Dif, 38:831-841.
  • Müller JM, Wytykowska A (2005) Psychometric properties and validation of a Polish adaptation of Carver and White’s BIS/BAS scales. Pers Individ Dif, 39:795-805.
  • Nagpal M, Gupta BS (1979) Personality, reinforcement and verbal operant conditioning. Br J Psychol, 70:471–476.
  • Niditch LA, Varela RE (2018) A longitudinal study of inhibited temperament, efortful control, gender, and anxiety in early childhood. Child Youth Care Forum, 47:463-479.
  • Pavlov I. (1963) Şartlı refleksler ve sinir bozuklukları. (Çeviri Ed. N Arkun). İstanbul, İstanbul Matbaası.
  • Pickering AD, Gray JA (1999) The neuroscience of personality. In Handbook of personality: theory and research, 2nd ed. (Eds LA Pervin, OP John):277-299. New York, Guilford Press.
  • Poythress NG, Skeem JL, Weir J, Lilienfeld SO, Douglas KS, Edens JF et al (2008) Psychometric properties of Carver and White’s (1994) BIS/BAS scales in a large sample of offenders. Pers Individ Dif, 45:732-737.
  • Sava FA, Sperneac A (2006) Sensitivity to reward and sensitivity to punishment rating scales: a validation study on the Romanian population. Pers Individ Dif, 41:1445-1456.
  • Seçer İ (2015) Psikolojik test geliştirme ve uyarlama süreci: spss ve lisrel ile faktör analizi uygulamaları, 1st ed. Ankara, Anı Yayıncılık.
  • Slobodskaya HR (2007) The associations among the big five, behavioural inhibition and behavioural approach systems and child and adolescent adjustment in Russia. Pers Individ Dif, 43:913-924.
  • Spielberger CD, Gorsuch RL, Lushene RE (1970) Manual for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Polo Alto, CA, Consulting Psychologists Press.
  • Strobel A, Beaducel A, Debener S, Brocke B (2001) A German version of Carver and White’s BIS/BAS scales. Zeitschrift für Differentielle und Diagnostische Psychologie, 22:216-227. Şimşek ÖF (2007) Yapısal eşitlik modellemesine giriş, temel ilkeler ve lisrel uygulamaları. Ankara, Ekinoks
  • Şişman S (2012) Davranışsal İnhibisyon Sistemi / Davranışsal Aktivasyon Sistemi Ölçeği’nin Türkçe’ye uyarlanması: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Psikoloji Çalışmaları, 32:1-22.
  • Tabachnick BG, Fidell LS (2007) Using Multivariate Statistics, 5th ed. New York: Allyn and Bacon.
  • Takahashi Y, Yamagata S, Kijima N, Shigemasu K, Ono Y, Ando J (2007) Gray’s temperament model: development of Japanese version of BIS/BAS scales and a behavior genetic investigation using the twin method. The Japanese Journal of Personality, 15:276-289. Torrubia R, Tobeña A (1984) A scale fort he assessment of ‘susceptibility to punishment’ as a measure of anxiety: preliminary results. Pers Individ Dif, 5:371-375.
  • Torrubia R, Avila C, Molto J, Caseras X (2001) The sensitivity to punishment and sensitivity to reward questionnaire (SPSRQ) as a measure Gray’s anxiety and impulsivity dimensions. Pers Individ Dif, 31:837–862.
  • Vervoort L, Wolters LH, Hogendoorn SM, De Haan E, Boer F, Prins PJ (2010) Sensitivity of Gray’s behavioral inhibition system in clinically anxious and non-anxious children and adolescenta. Pers Individ Dif, 48: 629-633.
  • Wilson D, O’Connor EL (2017) Mindfulness, personality and disordered eating. Pers Individ Dif, 119:7-12.
  • Wilson GD, Barrett PT, Gray JA (1989) Human reactions to reward and punishment: a questionnaire examination of Gray’s personality theory. Br J Psychol, 80:509-515.
  • Yu R, Branje SJT, Keijsers L, Meeus WHJ (2011) Psychometric characteristics of Carver and White’s BIS/BAS scales in Dutch adolescents and their mothers. J Pers Assess, 93:500-507.
Toplam 66 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Araştırma
Yazarlar

Yusuf Bilge 0000-0003-2754-9119

Yayımlanma Tarihi 29 Aralık 2020
Kabul Tarihi 3 Ekim 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Cilt: 12 Sayı: Ek 1 (Araştırma Sayısı)

Kaynak Göster

AMA Bilge Y. Davranışsal İnhibisyon Sistemi ve Davranışsal Aktivasyon Sistemi Ölçeğinin Türk Toplum Örnekleminde Psikometrik Özellikleri. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar. Aralık 2020;12:219-234. doi:10.18863/pgy.785113

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