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Kadın Sağlığında Orman Banyosu (Shinrin-Yoku) ve Orman Terapisinin (Shinrin -Ryoho) Etkileri

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 1, 62 - 69, 31.03.2023
https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.1083096

Öz

Orman banyosu, orman yürüyüşleri yoluyla insanların sağlığını geliştirmek ve hastalıkları önlemek için ormanların iyileştirici etkilerini kullanan bir yaklaşımdır. Orman terapisi ve orman banyosu terimleri aynı anlamlarda kullanılmakla birlikte farkı uygulama şekilleridir. Orman terapisi uygulaması bu konuda eğitim almış profesyonel kişi eşliğinde yapılırken orman banyosunda terapist ormanın kendisidir. Orman banyosunun kardiyovasküler sistem, sinir sistemi, endokrin sistem, bağışıklık sistemi ve ruh sağlığı üzerindeki olumlu etkilerine bakıldığında kadın sağlığının korunması ve iyileştirilmesinde bir yaklaşım olarak kullanılabileceği düşünülmektedir. Bu bağlamda çalışmanın amacı orman banyosu ve orman terapisinin kadın sağlığı üzerindeki fizyolojik ve psikolojik etkilerinin incelenmesidir. Literatür taraması yapılarak ortaya konan bu çalışmada, konu üzerine yapılan ulusal ve uluslararası çalışmaların sonuçları derlenmiştir. Literatürde insan sağlığının korunmasında orman banyosu ve orman terapisinin pek çok olumlu etkisi bildirilmiştir. Orman terapisi ve orman banyosunun insan sağlığına etkileri konusunda sınırlı sayıda araştırma mevcut olup, ülkemizde bu konuda sağlık alanında bilimsel bir araştırmaya rastlanmamıştır. Ormanlar açısından zengin olan ülkemizde bu uygulamaların kullanılabileceği ve bu konuda bilimsel çalışmalar yapılmasının kadın sağlığına faydalar sağlayabileceği ön görülmektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Alonso-Aperte E, Varela-Moreiras G (2000) Drugs–nutrient interactions: a potential problem during adolescence. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 54(1), S69-S74.
  • Amanak K, Karaoz B, Sevil U (2013) Alternative/Complementary medicine and women's health. TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin, 12(4), 441-448.
  • Berman M, Jonides J, Kaplan S (2008) The cognitive benefits of interacting with nature. Psychological Science, 19:1207–1212.
  • Bird W (2007) Natural thinking: investigating the links between the natural environment, biodiversity and mental health. London: Royal Society for the Protection of Birds.
  • Bowler DE, Buyung-Ali L, Knight T, Pullin AS (2010) A systematic review of evidence for the added benefits to health of exposure to natural environments. BMC Public Health, 10:456.
  • Buchanan TW, Lutz K, Mirzazade S, Specht K, Shah NJ, Zilles K, et al. (2000) Recognition of emotional prosody and verbal components of spoken language: an fMRI study. Cogn Brain Res, 9:227–238.
  • Cengiz A (2013) Kadın Ruh sağlığı ve toplumsal cinsiyet; antalya ilinde bir klinikte uygulama. (Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Antalya, Akdeniz Üniversitesi.
  • Chinen J, Finkelman F, Shearer WT (2006) Advances In Basic And Clinical Immunology. J Allergy Clin 19
  • Clifford MA (2018) Your Guide to Forest Bathing, Experience the Healing Power of Nature, Conari Press, Canada
  • Cohen S, Janicki-Deverts D (2012) Who’s stressed? Distributions of psychological stress in the United States in probability samples from 1983, 2006, and 2009. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 42:1320–1334.
  • Eisenberg D, Gollust SE, Golberstein E, Hefner JL (2007) Prevalence and correlates of depression, anxiety, and suicidality among university students. Am. J. Orthopsychiatr, 77:534–542.
  • Frumkin H (2001) Beyond toxicity: human health and the natural environment. Am J Prev Med, 20:234–240.
  • Frumkin H, Fox J (2011) Contact with nature. Making healthy places: Designing and building for health, well-being and sustainability. (Eds AL Dannenberg, H Frumkin, RJ Jackson): 229–243). Washington, DC: Island Press.
  • Goel V, Dolan RJ (2001) The functional anatomy of humor: segregating cognitive and affective components. Nat Neurosci, 4:237–8.
  • Gürbey AP, Runkovskı MN, Işık I (2020) Forest Therapy (Shinrin-Ryoho) and Forest Bathing (Shinrin-Yoku): New Function Proposals For Protected Areas Advances in Scientific Research: Engineering and Architecture 1, 237-256.
  • Han J, Zhao C, Cai J, Liang J (2020) Comparative efficacy of vitamin supplements on prevention of major cardiovascular disease: Systematic review with network meta-analysis. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, 39: 101-142.
  • Hartig T, Evans GW, Jamner LD, Davis DS, Garling T (2003). Tracking restoration in natural and urban field settings. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 23:109–123.
  • Hartig T, Mitchell R, de Vries S, Frumkin H (2014) Nature and health. Annual Review of Public Health, 35:207–228.
  • Imai K, Matsuyama S, Miyake S, Suga K, Nakachi K (2000) Natural cytotoxic activity of peripheral-blood lymphocytes and cancer incidence: an 11-year follow-up study of a general population. Lancet, 356:1795–1799.
  • Kaplan R (2001) The nature of the view from home: psychological benefits. Environ Behav,33:507–542.
  • Kim H, Kim J, Ju HJ, Jang BJ, Wang TK, Kim YI (2020) Effect of Forest Therapy for Menopausal Women with Insomnia. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 17, 6548.
  • Kontis V, Bennett JE, Mathers CD, Li G, Foreman K, Ezzati M (2017) Future life expectancy in 35 industrialized countries: projections with a Bayesian model ensemble. Lancet, 389:1323-1335.
  • Koyun A, Taşkın L, Terzioğlu F (2011) Yaşam dönemlerine göre kadın sağlığı ve ruhsal işlevler: hemşirelik yaklaşımlarının değerlendirilmesi. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar-Current Approaches in Psychiatry, 3:67–99.
  • Lee JY, Lee DC (2014) Cardiac and pulmonary benefits of forest walking versus city walking in elderly women:A randomised, controlled, open-label trial. Eur. J. Integr. Med. 6, 5–11.
  • Levine EJ (2012) Handbook of Neuroendocrinology, Chapter 1 - An Introduction to Neuroendocrine Systems, Editor(s): George Fink, Donald W. Pfaff, Jon E. Levine, Academic Press, Pages 3-19.
  • Li Q (2019a) Into the Forest, How Trees Can Help You Find Health and Happiness, Penguin Life, ISBN: 9780241377598, 320 pg.
  • Li Q (2019b) Effets des forêts et des bains de forêt (shinrin-yoku) sur la santé humaine: une revue de la littérature. Santé publique, 1(HS), 135-143.
  • Li Q, Kawada T (2014) Possibility of clinical applications of forest medicine. Nihon eiseigaku zasshi. Japanese journal of hygiene, 69(2), 117-121.
  • Li Q, Kobayashi M, Inagaki H, Hirata Y, Hirata K, Li YJ et al. (2010) A day trip to a forest park increases human natural killer activity and the expression of anti-cancer proteins in male subjects. J Biol Regul Homeost Agents, 24:157–165.
  • Li Q, Morımoto K, Kobayashı M, Inagakı H, Katsumata M, Hırata Y et al. (2008) Vısıtıng a forest, but not a cıty, ıncreases human natural kıller actıvıty and expressıon of antı-cancer proteıns. Internatıonal Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology, 21:117-127.
  • Li Q, Morimoto K, Kobayashi M, Inagaki H, Katsumata M, Hirata Y et al. (2008) Visiting a forest, but not a city, increases human natural killer activity and expression of anti-cancer proteins. International journal of immunopathology and pharmacology, 21(1), 117-127.
  • Li Q. Effect of forest bathing trips on human immune function. Environ Health Prev Med 2010;15:9–17.
  • Lidaka T, Omori M, Murata T, Kosaka H (2001) Neural interaction of the amygdala with the prefrontal and temporal cortices in the processing of facial expressions as revealed by fMRI. J Cogn Neurosci, 13:1035–47.
  • Lyu B, Zeng C, Xie S, Li D, Lin W, Li N, et al.(2019) Benefits of A Three-Day Bamboo Forest Therapy Session on the Psychophysiology and Immune System Responses of Male College Students. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(24): 49-91.
  • Maller C, Townsend M, Pryor A, Brown P, St Leger L (2005) Healthy natüre healthy people: ‘contact with nature’ as an upstream health promotion intervention for populations. Health Promotion International, 21:45–54.
  • Marselle MR, Irvine KN, Warber SL (2014) Examining group walks in nature and multiple aspects of well-being: a large-scale study. Ecopsychology, 6:134-147.
  • Marselle MR, Irvine KN, Warber SL (2013) Walking for well-being: are group walks in certain types of natural environments better for well-being than group walks in urban environments?. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 10:5603-5628.
  • Miyazaki Y, Ikei H, Song C (2014) Forest medicine research in Japan. Jpn. J. Hyg, 69:123–135.
  • Ochiai H, Ikei H, Song C, Kobayashi M, Miura T, Kagawa T et al. (2015) Physiological and Psychological Effects of a Forest Therapy Program on Middle-Aged Females. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 12:15222–15232.
  • Ohtsuka Y, Yabunaka N, Takayama S (1998) Shinrin-yoku (forest-air bathing and walking) effectively decreases blood glucose levels in diabetic patients. Int J Biometeorol. Feb;41(3):125-7.
  • Park B, Furuya K, Kasetani T, Takayama N, Kagawa T, Miyazaki Y (2011) Relationship between psychological responses and physical environments in forest settings. Landscape and Urban Planning, 102:24–32.
  • Park BJ, Tsunetsugu Y, Kasetani T, Kagawa T, Miyazaki Y (2010) The physiological effects of Shinrin-yoku (taking in the forest atmosphere or forest bathing): evidence from field experiments in 24 forests across. Japan Environ Health Prev Med, 15:18–26.
  • Park BJ, Tsunetsugu Y, Kasetani T, Hirano H, Kagawa T, Sato M et al. (2007) Physiological effects of Shinrin-yoku (taking in the atmosphere of the forest): using salivary cortisol and cerebral activity as indicators. J Physiol Anthropol, 26:123–128.
  • Regehr C, Glancy D, Pitts A (2013) Interventions to reduce stress in university students: A review and meta-analysis. J. Affect. Disord, 148:1–11.
  • Robertson R, Robertson A, Jepson R, Maxwell M (2012) Walking for depression or depressive symptoms: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Mental Health and Physical Activity, 5:66–75.
  • Shevlin M, Houston J, Dorahy M, Adamson G (2007) Cumulative traumas and psychosis: an analysis of the national comorbidity survey and the sample British psychiatric morbidity survey. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 34:193–199.
  • Smith JC, Nielson KA, Woodard JL, Seidenberg M, Rao SM (2013) Physical activity and brain function in older adults at increased risk for Alzheimer’s disease. Brain Sciences, 3:54–83.
  • Song C, Ikei H , Kagawa T, Miyazaki Y (2019) Effects of walking in a forest on young women. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 16:229.
  • Song C, Ikei H, Kobayashi M, Miura T, Li Q, Kagawa T et al. (2017) Effects of viewing forest landscape on middle-aged hypertensive men. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 21: 247-252.
  • Song C, Ikei H, Kobayashi M, Miura T, Taue, M., Kagawa, T et al. (2015) Effect of forest walking on autonomic nervous system activity in middle-aged hypertensive individuals: A pilot study. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 12: 2687-2699.
  • Stramba-Badiale M (2009) Red Alert on Women’s Hearts: Women and Cardiovascular Research in Europe. European Society of Cardiology. From https://www.escardio.org/static-file/Escardio/EU-Affairs/ WomensHearts-RedAlert.pdf. (13 Haziran 2020’de ulaşıldı).
  • Şen S, (2015) "Üreme Sistemi Fizyolojisi," In Kadın Sağlığı Genişletilmiş 2 Baskı, Ed: Şirin A., Kavlak O, Nobel Tıp Kitapevleri.
  • Takayama N, Korpela K, Lee J, Morikawa T, Tsunetsugu Y, Park B.J et al. (2014) Emotional, restorative and vitalizing effects of forest and urban environments at four sites in Japan. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 11:7207–7230.
  • Thompson Coon J, Boddy K, Stein K, Whear R, Barton J, Depledge MH (2011) Does participating in physical activity in outdoor natural environments have a greater effect on physical and mental wellbeing than physical activity indoors? A systematic review. Environmental Science and Technology, 45:1761–1772.
  • Tsunetsugu Y, Lee J, Park B.J, Tyrväinen L, Kagawa, T, Miyazaki Y (2013) Physiological and psychological effects of viewing urban forest landscapes assessed by multiple measurements. Landsc. Urban Plan, 113:90–93.
  • Williams R (2020) How To Walk Yourself Healthy & Happy, Quickly Discover the many Proven Benefits of Walking for a healthy Body & mind, M-Y Books ltd, 115 pages.
  • World Health Organization (2012) Gender and women’s mental health. Gender disparities and mental health: The Facts. from http://www. who. int/mental_health/prevention/genderwomen/en. (2 Ocak 2020’de ulaşıldı)
  • Yu C, Lin C, Tsai M, Yu-Chieh Tsai Y, Chen C (2017) Effects of short forest bathing program on autonomic nervous system activity and mood states in middle-aged and elderly individuals. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 14:8

Effects of Forest Bath (Shinrin-Yoku) and Forest Therapy (Shinrin-Ryoho) on Women's Health

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 1, 62 - 69, 31.03.2023
https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.1083096

Öz

Forest bathing is an approach that uses the healing effects of forests to improve people's health and prevent disease through forest walks. Although the terms forest therapy and forest bath are used in the same sense, they are different applications. While the forest therapy application is carried out in the company of a professional trained in this subject, the therapist in the forest bath is the forest itself. Considering the positive effects of forest bathing on the cardiovascular system, nervous system, endocrine system, immune system and mental health, it is thought that it can be used as an approach to protect and improve women's health. In this context, the aim of the study is to examine the physiological and psychological effects of forest bathing and forest therapy on women's health. In this study, which was revealed by literature review, the results of national and international studies on the subject were compiled. Many positive effects of forest bathing and forest therapy on the protection of human health have been reported in the literature. There are limited studies on the effects of forest therapy and forest bathing on human health, and no scientific research has been found in the field of health in our country. It is thought that these practices can be used in our country, which is rich in forests, and that scientific studies on this subject can provide benefits for women's health.

Kaynakça

  • Alonso-Aperte E, Varela-Moreiras G (2000) Drugs–nutrient interactions: a potential problem during adolescence. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 54(1), S69-S74.
  • Amanak K, Karaoz B, Sevil U (2013) Alternative/Complementary medicine and women's health. TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin, 12(4), 441-448.
  • Berman M, Jonides J, Kaplan S (2008) The cognitive benefits of interacting with nature. Psychological Science, 19:1207–1212.
  • Bird W (2007) Natural thinking: investigating the links between the natural environment, biodiversity and mental health. London: Royal Society for the Protection of Birds.
  • Bowler DE, Buyung-Ali L, Knight T, Pullin AS (2010) A systematic review of evidence for the added benefits to health of exposure to natural environments. BMC Public Health, 10:456.
  • Buchanan TW, Lutz K, Mirzazade S, Specht K, Shah NJ, Zilles K, et al. (2000) Recognition of emotional prosody and verbal components of spoken language: an fMRI study. Cogn Brain Res, 9:227–238.
  • Cengiz A (2013) Kadın Ruh sağlığı ve toplumsal cinsiyet; antalya ilinde bir klinikte uygulama. (Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Antalya, Akdeniz Üniversitesi.
  • Chinen J, Finkelman F, Shearer WT (2006) Advances In Basic And Clinical Immunology. J Allergy Clin 19
  • Clifford MA (2018) Your Guide to Forest Bathing, Experience the Healing Power of Nature, Conari Press, Canada
  • Cohen S, Janicki-Deverts D (2012) Who’s stressed? Distributions of psychological stress in the United States in probability samples from 1983, 2006, and 2009. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 42:1320–1334.
  • Eisenberg D, Gollust SE, Golberstein E, Hefner JL (2007) Prevalence and correlates of depression, anxiety, and suicidality among university students. Am. J. Orthopsychiatr, 77:534–542.
  • Frumkin H (2001) Beyond toxicity: human health and the natural environment. Am J Prev Med, 20:234–240.
  • Frumkin H, Fox J (2011) Contact with nature. Making healthy places: Designing and building for health, well-being and sustainability. (Eds AL Dannenberg, H Frumkin, RJ Jackson): 229–243). Washington, DC: Island Press.
  • Goel V, Dolan RJ (2001) The functional anatomy of humor: segregating cognitive and affective components. Nat Neurosci, 4:237–8.
  • Gürbey AP, Runkovskı MN, Işık I (2020) Forest Therapy (Shinrin-Ryoho) and Forest Bathing (Shinrin-Yoku): New Function Proposals For Protected Areas Advances in Scientific Research: Engineering and Architecture 1, 237-256.
  • Han J, Zhao C, Cai J, Liang J (2020) Comparative efficacy of vitamin supplements on prevention of major cardiovascular disease: Systematic review with network meta-analysis. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, 39: 101-142.
  • Hartig T, Evans GW, Jamner LD, Davis DS, Garling T (2003). Tracking restoration in natural and urban field settings. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 23:109–123.
  • Hartig T, Mitchell R, de Vries S, Frumkin H (2014) Nature and health. Annual Review of Public Health, 35:207–228.
  • Imai K, Matsuyama S, Miyake S, Suga K, Nakachi K (2000) Natural cytotoxic activity of peripheral-blood lymphocytes and cancer incidence: an 11-year follow-up study of a general population. Lancet, 356:1795–1799.
  • Kaplan R (2001) The nature of the view from home: psychological benefits. Environ Behav,33:507–542.
  • Kim H, Kim J, Ju HJ, Jang BJ, Wang TK, Kim YI (2020) Effect of Forest Therapy for Menopausal Women with Insomnia. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 17, 6548.
  • Kontis V, Bennett JE, Mathers CD, Li G, Foreman K, Ezzati M (2017) Future life expectancy in 35 industrialized countries: projections with a Bayesian model ensemble. Lancet, 389:1323-1335.
  • Koyun A, Taşkın L, Terzioğlu F (2011) Yaşam dönemlerine göre kadın sağlığı ve ruhsal işlevler: hemşirelik yaklaşımlarının değerlendirilmesi. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar-Current Approaches in Psychiatry, 3:67–99.
  • Lee JY, Lee DC (2014) Cardiac and pulmonary benefits of forest walking versus city walking in elderly women:A randomised, controlled, open-label trial. Eur. J. Integr. Med. 6, 5–11.
  • Levine EJ (2012) Handbook of Neuroendocrinology, Chapter 1 - An Introduction to Neuroendocrine Systems, Editor(s): George Fink, Donald W. Pfaff, Jon E. Levine, Academic Press, Pages 3-19.
  • Li Q (2019a) Into the Forest, How Trees Can Help You Find Health and Happiness, Penguin Life, ISBN: 9780241377598, 320 pg.
  • Li Q (2019b) Effets des forêts et des bains de forêt (shinrin-yoku) sur la santé humaine: une revue de la littérature. Santé publique, 1(HS), 135-143.
  • Li Q, Kawada T (2014) Possibility of clinical applications of forest medicine. Nihon eiseigaku zasshi. Japanese journal of hygiene, 69(2), 117-121.
  • Li Q, Kobayashi M, Inagaki H, Hirata Y, Hirata K, Li YJ et al. (2010) A day trip to a forest park increases human natural killer activity and the expression of anti-cancer proteins in male subjects. J Biol Regul Homeost Agents, 24:157–165.
  • Li Q, Morımoto K, Kobayashı M, Inagakı H, Katsumata M, Hırata Y et al. (2008) Vısıtıng a forest, but not a cıty, ıncreases human natural kıller actıvıty and expressıon of antı-cancer proteıns. Internatıonal Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology, 21:117-127.
  • Li Q, Morimoto K, Kobayashi M, Inagaki H, Katsumata M, Hirata Y et al. (2008) Visiting a forest, but not a city, increases human natural killer activity and expression of anti-cancer proteins. International journal of immunopathology and pharmacology, 21(1), 117-127.
  • Li Q. Effect of forest bathing trips on human immune function. Environ Health Prev Med 2010;15:9–17.
  • Lidaka T, Omori M, Murata T, Kosaka H (2001) Neural interaction of the amygdala with the prefrontal and temporal cortices in the processing of facial expressions as revealed by fMRI. J Cogn Neurosci, 13:1035–47.
  • Lyu B, Zeng C, Xie S, Li D, Lin W, Li N, et al.(2019) Benefits of A Three-Day Bamboo Forest Therapy Session on the Psychophysiology and Immune System Responses of Male College Students. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(24): 49-91.
  • Maller C, Townsend M, Pryor A, Brown P, St Leger L (2005) Healthy natüre healthy people: ‘contact with nature’ as an upstream health promotion intervention for populations. Health Promotion International, 21:45–54.
  • Marselle MR, Irvine KN, Warber SL (2014) Examining group walks in nature and multiple aspects of well-being: a large-scale study. Ecopsychology, 6:134-147.
  • Marselle MR, Irvine KN, Warber SL (2013) Walking for well-being: are group walks in certain types of natural environments better for well-being than group walks in urban environments?. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 10:5603-5628.
  • Miyazaki Y, Ikei H, Song C (2014) Forest medicine research in Japan. Jpn. J. Hyg, 69:123–135.
  • Ochiai H, Ikei H, Song C, Kobayashi M, Miura T, Kagawa T et al. (2015) Physiological and Psychological Effects of a Forest Therapy Program on Middle-Aged Females. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 12:15222–15232.
  • Ohtsuka Y, Yabunaka N, Takayama S (1998) Shinrin-yoku (forest-air bathing and walking) effectively decreases blood glucose levels in diabetic patients. Int J Biometeorol. Feb;41(3):125-7.
  • Park B, Furuya K, Kasetani T, Takayama N, Kagawa T, Miyazaki Y (2011) Relationship between psychological responses and physical environments in forest settings. Landscape and Urban Planning, 102:24–32.
  • Park BJ, Tsunetsugu Y, Kasetani T, Kagawa T, Miyazaki Y (2010) The physiological effects of Shinrin-yoku (taking in the forest atmosphere or forest bathing): evidence from field experiments in 24 forests across. Japan Environ Health Prev Med, 15:18–26.
  • Park BJ, Tsunetsugu Y, Kasetani T, Hirano H, Kagawa T, Sato M et al. (2007) Physiological effects of Shinrin-yoku (taking in the atmosphere of the forest): using salivary cortisol and cerebral activity as indicators. J Physiol Anthropol, 26:123–128.
  • Regehr C, Glancy D, Pitts A (2013) Interventions to reduce stress in university students: A review and meta-analysis. J. Affect. Disord, 148:1–11.
  • Robertson R, Robertson A, Jepson R, Maxwell M (2012) Walking for depression or depressive symptoms: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Mental Health and Physical Activity, 5:66–75.
  • Shevlin M, Houston J, Dorahy M, Adamson G (2007) Cumulative traumas and psychosis: an analysis of the national comorbidity survey and the sample British psychiatric morbidity survey. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 34:193–199.
  • Smith JC, Nielson KA, Woodard JL, Seidenberg M, Rao SM (2013) Physical activity and brain function in older adults at increased risk for Alzheimer’s disease. Brain Sciences, 3:54–83.
  • Song C, Ikei H , Kagawa T, Miyazaki Y (2019) Effects of walking in a forest on young women. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 16:229.
  • Song C, Ikei H, Kobayashi M, Miura T, Li Q, Kagawa T et al. (2017) Effects of viewing forest landscape on middle-aged hypertensive men. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 21: 247-252.
  • Song C, Ikei H, Kobayashi M, Miura T, Taue, M., Kagawa, T et al. (2015) Effect of forest walking on autonomic nervous system activity in middle-aged hypertensive individuals: A pilot study. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 12: 2687-2699.
  • Stramba-Badiale M (2009) Red Alert on Women’s Hearts: Women and Cardiovascular Research in Europe. European Society of Cardiology. From https://www.escardio.org/static-file/Escardio/EU-Affairs/ WomensHearts-RedAlert.pdf. (13 Haziran 2020’de ulaşıldı).
  • Şen S, (2015) "Üreme Sistemi Fizyolojisi," In Kadın Sağlığı Genişletilmiş 2 Baskı, Ed: Şirin A., Kavlak O, Nobel Tıp Kitapevleri.
  • Takayama N, Korpela K, Lee J, Morikawa T, Tsunetsugu Y, Park B.J et al. (2014) Emotional, restorative and vitalizing effects of forest and urban environments at four sites in Japan. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 11:7207–7230.
  • Thompson Coon J, Boddy K, Stein K, Whear R, Barton J, Depledge MH (2011) Does participating in physical activity in outdoor natural environments have a greater effect on physical and mental wellbeing than physical activity indoors? A systematic review. Environmental Science and Technology, 45:1761–1772.
  • Tsunetsugu Y, Lee J, Park B.J, Tyrväinen L, Kagawa, T, Miyazaki Y (2013) Physiological and psychological effects of viewing urban forest landscapes assessed by multiple measurements. Landsc. Urban Plan, 113:90–93.
  • Williams R (2020) How To Walk Yourself Healthy & Happy, Quickly Discover the many Proven Benefits of Walking for a healthy Body & mind, M-Y Books ltd, 115 pages.
  • World Health Organization (2012) Gender and women’s mental health. Gender disparities and mental health: The Facts. from http://www. who. int/mental_health/prevention/genderwomen/en. (2 Ocak 2020’de ulaşıldı)
  • Yu C, Lin C, Tsai M, Yu-Chieh Tsai Y, Chen C (2017) Effects of short forest bathing program on autonomic nervous system activity and mood states in middle-aged and elderly individuals. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 14:8
Toplam 58 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Psikiyatri, Sinirbilim
Bölüm Derleme
Yazarlar

Ayça Balmumcu 0000-0001-6811-8003

Gülfer Doğan Pekince 0000-0001-8599-3897

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 31 Mart 2023
Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Mart 2023
Kabul Tarihi 25 Temmuz 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 15 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

AMA Balmumcu A, Doğan Pekince G. Effects of Forest Bath (Shinrin-Yoku) and Forest Therapy (Shinrin-Ryoho) on Women’s Health. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar. Mart 2023;15(1):62-69. doi:10.18863/pgy.1083096

Creative Commons Lisansı
Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar Creative Commons Atıf-Gayriticari-Türetilemez 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı ile lisanslanmıştır.