Psychopathology from Crime to Release: Mental Health in the Criminal Justice System

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 18 Sayı: 1, 124 - 142

Esra Kurtar , Salih Saygın Eker

https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.1696583

Öz

Crime is not merely a legal violation, but a complex phenomenon shaped by the interaction of biological, psychological, and social factors. This study examines the role of psychopathology in criminal behavior, during incarceration, and the post-release period within the framework of current literature. Consistent findings in the literature indicate a relationship between criminal behavior and psychotic disorders, personality disorders, mood disorders, substance use disorders, and intellectual disability. Psychopathology is considered not as a direct cause of crime, but as a factor that increases an individual’s risk of engaging in criminal behavior. In particular, substance use disorders, comorbid psychiatric conditions, high psychopathy scores, and high impulsivity emerge as significant risk factors for criminal behavior. The markedly higher prevalence of psychiatric diagnoses among incarcerated individuals compared to the general population underscores the importance of diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation services within the criminal justice system. However, the inadequacy of mental health services both during incarceration and after release may contribute to increased recidivism. The literature highlights the need for holistic, individualized, and effective psychosocial intervention programs to prevent crime and reduce recidivism rates. Future research in this field is expected to contribute to evidence-based policy development.

Anahtar Kelimeler

crime , Psychopathology , prisoners , Prisons , recidivism

Suçtan Tahliyeye Psikopatoloji: Ceza Adalet Sisteminde Ruh Sağlığı

Öz

Suç, yalnızca hukuki bir ihlal değil; biyolojik, psikolojik ve sosyal etmenlerin etkileşimiyle şekillenen karmaşık bir olgudur. Bu çalışmada suç davranışında, cezaevinde ve tahliye sonrası süreçte psikopatolojinin rolü, güncel literatür bağlamında incelenmektedir. Psikotik bozuklukların, kişilik bozukluklarının, duygudurum bozukluklarının, madde kullanım bozukluklarının ve zekâ geriliğinin suç davranışı ile ilişkisine dair literatürde tutarlı sonuçlar bulunmaktadır. Psikopatoloji suçun doğrudan nedeni olarak değil, bireyin suç davranışına yönelik riski artıran bir faktör olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Özellikle madde kullanım bozuklukları, komorbid psikiyatrik bozukluklar, yüksek psikopati puanları ve yüksek dürtüsellik suç davranışı açısından ciddi risk faktörleri olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Hükümlülerde psikiyatrik tanı oranlarının genel topluma kıyasla belirgin düzeyde yüksek olması adli sistemde tanı, tedavi ve rehabilitasyon hizmetlerinin önemini ortaya koymaktadır. Bununla birlikte cezaevindeki ve tahliye sonrasındaki ruh sağlığı hizmetlerinin yetersizliği, suç tekrarını artırabilmektedir. Literatürde suçun önlenmesi ve suç tekrarı oranlarının azaltılmasında; bütüncül, bireyselleştirilmiş ve etkili psikososyal müdahale programlarına olan gereksinim işaret edilmektedir. Bu alanda yapılacak yeni çalışmaların, bilimsel temelli politika geliştirme sürecine katkı sağlayabileceği öngörülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

suç , psikopatoloji , mahkumlar , hapishaneneler , suç tekrarı

Kaynakça

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