Havza’dan Yeni Bir Miltaşı Üzerinde Aradii Soyundan Yeni Bir Galatia Valisi: C. Aradius Rufinus

Abstract

The author presents a milestone which is now lost, but was photographed in Havza in 1999. Owing to its famous thermal springs Havza is called by Strabo Thermai of Phazemonites, situated in the district of Phazemonitis. It was located at the crossroads linking the poleis of Neo­claudiopolis to the northwest, Amaseia to the south, Amisus to the north, and Neocaesarea to the east. Thirty nine milestones found in the territory of Neoclaudiopolis indicate the routes of these roads. The find spot of the new milestone suggests that it stood on the road to Neoclaudiopolis, which was frequently used by Roman expeditionary forces on their way to the Eastern frontier; and is mentioned in the Tabula Peutingerina (Peutinger Table). The milestone is of great interest, as it do­cuments a new legate of Galatia under Maximinus Thrax: C. Aradius Rufinus. Probably the successor of M. Domitius Valerianus in the fasti of Galatia, he is one of the last legates of Galatia whose term in office can be dated exactly. Through family alliances with the Roscii, the Furcilii and the Aiacii, the gens of the Aradii, which had its origins in Bulla Regia (Africa Procos.), flou­rished from the first quarter of 3rd century AD and had eminent members who held the post of praefectus urbis Romae by the end of the 4th century AD (s. infra IV. Aradii and the stemma). Two sons of the first known member of the gens, Q. Aradius Rufinus Optatus Aelianus and P. Aradius (Roscius) Paternus Rufinianus Aelianus, held the legatio of Galatia (225–228 AD) and Cappadocia (231 AD) respectively at approximately the same time, which suggests that C. Aradius Rufinus may be either the brother or the cousin of these two men. The new milestone shows him with the title of legatus Augusti pro praetore, which suggests that Paphlagonia remained under the juris­diction of the legate of Galatia after the creation of the province of Pontus, governed by an equestrian praeses. Inner Paphlagonia including the territory of Neoclaudiopolis was added to Pon­tus only under the praeses M. Iunius Valerius Nepotianus in 250 AD.

Keywords

• Milestone,Maximinus Thrax,Aradii,Thermai of Phazemonites,Paphlagonia in Roman Period,Neoklaudiopolis,province Pontus,praeses,legatus Augusti

Havza’dan Yeni Bir Miltaşı Üzerinde Aradii Soyundan Yeni Bir Galatia Valisi: C. Aradius Rufinus

Öz

Yazar halihazırda kayıp olan, ama 1999 yılında Havza'da fotoğraflanan bir mil taşını tanıtmaktadır. Ünlü kaplıcalarına bağlı olarak Havza Antik Dönem'de Strabon tarafından Phazemonitis Bölgesi sakinlerine ait Kaplıcalar (θερμὰ ὕδατα τῶν Φαζημωνιτῶν) olarak adlandırılır. Havza, kuzeybatıda Neo­klaudiopolis, güneyde Amaseia, kuzeyde Amisos ve doğuda Neokaisareia kentlerini birbirine bağlayan yolların buluşma noktasında yer almaktadır. Neoklaudiopolis'in egemenlik sahasında bulunan otuz dokuz mil taşı bu yolların güzergahlarını saptama imkanı vermektedir. Burada tanıtılan mil taşının buluntu konumu onun Doğu sınırlarına intikal eden Roma birlikleri tarafından sıkça kullanılan ve Tabula Peutingerina'da da zikredilen Neoklaudiopolis güzergahı üzerinde bulunmuş olabileceğini düşündürmektedir. Mil taşının asıl önemi ise Maximinus Thraks Dönemi’nde görev­de olan yeni bir Galatia valisini tanıtmasında yatmaktadır: C. Aradius Rufinus. Büyük ihtimalle M. Domitius Valerianus'un ardılı olan C. Aradius Rufinus Galatia Eyaleti’nin görev yılı kesin olarak saptanabilen son legatus’larından biridir. Bu seçkin ailenin üyelerini onurlandıran pek çok yazıtın burada bulunmuş olması, Aradii soyunun Bulla Regia (Africa Proconsu­laris) kökenli olduğuna işaret etkmektedir. Bu soy İ.S. 3. yüzyılın ilk çey­re­ğinden itibaren Roscii, Furcilii ve Aiacii gibi ailelerle kurduğu evlilik bağları sayesinde yükselişe geç­miş ve İ.S. 4. yüzyılın sonuna kadar praefectus urbis Romae makamını üstlenen şahıslar yetiştirmiştir (bk. aş. IV. Aradii ve soyağacı). Soyun bilinen ilk üyesinin iki oğlu, Q. Aradius Rufinus Optatus Aelianus ve P. Aradius (Roscius) Paternus Rufinianus Aelianus, yaklaşık aynı zamanlarda sırasıyla Galatia (İ.S. 225–228) ve Kappadokia (İ.S. 231) eyaletlerinin valilikleri olmuşlardır. Bu veri C. Aradius Rufinus'un adı geçen iki şahsın kardeşi veya kuzeni olabileceğini düşündürmektedir. Yeni mil taşı üzerinde C. Aradius Rufinus'un legatus Augusti pro praetore, unvanını taşıması, Paphlagonia’nın Neoklaudiopolis teritoryumunu da içeren iç kesiminin, Severus Alexander zamanındaki kuruluşundan itibaren, Pontos eya­letine dâhil edilmediğini; aksine Maximinus Thraks’ın ilk yıllarında Galatia valisinin idaresi altında kal­maya devam ettiğini göstermektedir. Bölge Pontos eyaletine en erken M. Iunius Valerius Nepotianus'un praeses'liği sırasında İ.S. 250 yılında bağlanmış olmalıdır (bak. aş. bl. III).

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Mil taşı,Maximinus Thrax,Aradii,Phazemonitis Thermai'ı,Roma Dönemi'nde Paphlagonia,Neoklaudiopolis,legatus Augusti Galatiae,Pontus Eyaleti,praeses

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