Türkiye’de Şirket Kuruluş ve Kapanış Dinamiklerinin İller Bazında Analizi: Kümeleme, Entropi ve MAUT yaklaşımı

Öz

Bu çalışma, Türkiye'de 81 il düzeyinde şirket kuruluş ve kapanış dinamiklerini analiz ederken, aynı zamanda bölgesel ekonomik kalkınma, girişimcilik ekosistemi ve yabancı sermaye etkilerini de değerlendirmektedir. Araştırmada, Türkiye Odalar ve Borsalar Birliği (TOBB), Türkiye Esnaf ve Sanatkârları Konfederasyonu (TESK) ve Türkiye Ticaret Sicil Gazetesi’nden elde edilen 2024 yılına ait veriler kullanılarak, 81 ilin şirketleşme oranları, kuruluş ve kapanış eğilimi gibi girişimcilik performansları incelenmiştir. Çalışmanın ilk aşamasında, illere özgü girişimcilik düzenini belirlemek amacıyla Kümeleme Analizi uygulanmıştır. Ardından, Çok Kriterli Karar Verme (ÇKKV) yöntemlerinden biri olan Entropi yöntemi ile kriterlerin ağırlıklar hesaplanmış ve MAUT (Multiple Attribute Utility Theory) yöntemi ile illerin girişimcilik ve ekonomik performanslarına göre sıralanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular, Türkiye’de girişimcilik seviyelerinin iller arasında önemli farklılıklar gösterdiğini ortaya koymakta; özellikle düşük girişimcilik düzeyine sahip bölgeler için daha fazla bölgesel stratejilerin geliştirilmesi gerektiği tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışma, iş kurma ve kapatma dinamiklerinin incelenmesi ve şirketlerin sürdürülebilirliğinin artırılması adına literatüre özgün katkılar sunmayı hedeflemektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Şirket Dinamikleri
• Girişimcilik
• İl Bazında Analiz
• Kümeleme Analizi
• Entropi
• MAUT
• Bölgesel Kalkınma

Provincial Analysis of Company Establishment and Closure Dynamics in Türkiye: Clustering, Entropy and MAUT Approach

Öz

This study analyzes the dynamics of company establishment and closure at the level of 81 provinces in C, while also assessing regional economic development, entrepreneurship ecosystem and foreign capital effects. Using data from the Union of Chambers and Commodity Exchanges of Türkiye (TOBB), the Confederation of Turkish Tradesmen and Craftsmen (TESK) and the Turkish Trade Registry Gazette for the year 2024, the study examines the entrepreneurial performances of 81 provinces, such as incorporation rates, establishment and closure trends. In the first stage of the study, Cluster Analysis was applied to identify province-specific entrepreneurship patterns. Then, the weights of the criteria were calculated with the Entropy method, one of the Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) methods, and the provinces were ranked according to their entrepreneurship and economic performance with the MAUT (Multiple Attribute Utility Theory) method. The findings reveal that there are significant differences in entrepreneurship levels among provinces in Türkiye and that more regional strategies should be developed especially for regions with low entrepreneurship levels. This study aims to make original contributions to the literature in order to analyze the dynamics of business start-up and closure and to increase the sustainability of companies.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Company Dynamics
• Entrepreneurship
• Provincial Analysis
• Cluster Analysis
• Entropy
• MAUT
• Regional Development

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