20. Yüzyılın Sonlarında Aksaray Tarihi Kent Merkezinin Dönüşümü

Öz

Tarihi kent merkezlerinin, kültürel belleğin, mekânsal kimliğin ve toplumsal gelişimin birikimli katmanlarını yansıtan karmaşık yapılar olduğu bilinmektedir. Aksaray’da, başlangıçta bir kale yerleşimi etrafında şekillenen tarihi çekirdek, son yıllarda belirgin bir morfolojik dönüşüm geçirmiştir. Kentsel dokunun fiziksel yapısı; hızlı kentleşme, değişen imar politikaları ve eşgüdümsüz gelişim baskıları gibi dinamikler doğrultusunda yeniden biçimlenmiştir. Geleneksel sokak örüntüleri, avlulu konut tipolojileri ve tarihî ticaret alanları zaman içinde yoğun, çok katlı yapılaşmalarla yer değiştirmiş ve bu durum alanın özgün mekânsal karakterinin zayıflamasına neden olmuştur. Bu çalışma, Aksaray’ın tarihi kent merkezinde 20. yüzyıl ortasından günümüze kadar ortaya çıkan dönüşümü; tarihî haritalar, hava fotoğrafları ve planlama belgeleri aracılığıyla gerçekleştirilen biçimsel bir analizle incelemektedir. Yapı tipolojilerindeki, arazi kullanımındaki ve mekânsal organizasyondaki değişimler izlenerek, ardışık planlama kararlarının özgün kentsel dokunun aşınmasına nasıl katkı sunduğu ortaya konulmaktadır. Araştırma, dini, idari, ticari ve konut işlevlerinden oluşan dört temel bölgeyi ele alarak morfolojik değişimin farklı ancak birbirine bağlı biçimlerini değerlendirmektedir. Bulgular, tarihî merkezin bir zamanlar sahip olduğu kompakt ve insan ölçekli kentsel formdan belirgin bir kopuşa işaret etmektedir. Güncel durumda alan; parçalı mekânsal örüntüler, değişken yapı yükseklikleri ve zayıflamış tarihsel süreklilik ile karakterize olmaktadır. Çalışma, tarihi kentsel morfolojinin geleceğe yönelik planlama süreçlerini yönlendirmedeki temel önemini vurgulamakta; özgün yerleşim örüntülerinin ve geleneksel mekânsal biçimlerin korunmasının sürdürülebilir canlandırma ve Aksaray’ın kültürel kimliğinin sürdürülmesi açısından kritik olduğunu belirtmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Aksaray
• Kentsel Yeniden Canlandırma
• Koruma ve Yenileme

Transformation of Aksaray’s Historic Center in the Late 20th Century

Öz

Historic city centers have been shown to contain layered expressions of cultural memory, spatial identity, and social development. In Aksaray, the historic core – originally organized around a fortress settlement – has undergone significant morphological change over the past several decades. The physical structure of the city has been shaped by a number of factors, including rapid urbanization, evolving zoning regulations, and uncoordinated development pressures. Traditional street networks, courtyard-based residential patterns, and historic commercial clusters have gradually been replaced by dense multi-story construction, thereby altering the area's spatial character. This study examines the transformation of Aksaray's historic city center from the mid-20th century to the present using morphological analysis supported by historical maps, aerial photographs, and planning documents. By tracing alterations in building typologies, land use, and spatial organization, the research identifies how cumulative planning decisions contributed to the erosion of the original urban fabric. The study analyses four key zones – religious, administrative, commercial, and residential – to reveal distinct yet interconnected forms of morphological change. The findings indicate a clear departure from the compact and human-scaled urban form that once defined the historic center. The area is now characterized by fragmented spatial patterns, inconsistent building heights, and weakened historical continuity. The study highlights the essential role of historic urban morphology in guiding future planning. Preserving original settlement patterns and traditional spatial forms are vital for sustainable revitalization and maintaining Aksaray’s cultural identity.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Aksaray
• Urban revitalization
• conservation and renewal

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