Agrega Gradasyonundaki Değişimlerin Aşınma Tabakasında Kullanılan Bitümlü Sıcak Karışımların Mekanik Özelliklerine Olan Etkilerinin İncelenmesi

Öz

Türkiye’de bitümlü karışımın kullanılacağı tabakaya göre hangi gradasyon özelliklerine sahip olması gerektiği Karayolu Teknik Şartnamesinde belirtilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, şartnamede aşınma tabakası için tanımlanan Tip-1 gradasyon zarfındaki alt, orta ve üst limit değerlerinin yanı sıra alt ve üst limitlerin belirli oranda ötelenmesiyle oluşturulan beş farklı agrega gradasyonunun bitümlü karışımların mekanik özellikleri üzerindeki etkilerinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Belirlenen beş gradasyon ile hem gradasyon zarfı dahilindeki değişimlerin etkisi hem de gradasyon zarfının genişleme potansiyeli incelenmiştir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda farklı agrega gradasyonları ile oluşturulan bitümlü karışımlarla Marshall tasarımları yapılmıştır. Test sonuçlarına göre agrega gradasyonu inceldikçe karışımın optimum bitüm ihtiyacı artmıştır. Gradasyon inceldikçe, optimum bitüm oranındaki bitümle dolu boşluk oranının (Vf) ve agregalar arasındaki boşluk yüzdesinin (VMA) arttığı, birim ağırlığın (Dp) azaldığı tespit edilmiştir. Aynı zamanda, Tip-1 için tanımlanan gradasyon zarfının genişleme potansiyelinin olabileceği görülmüştür. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bitümlü karışım
• Marshall tasarımı
• Gradasyon
• Marshall katsayısı
• Aşınma tabakası

Investigation of the Effects of Aggregate Gradation Variations on the Mechanical Properties of Bituminous Hot Mixtures Used in Wearing Course

Öz

Gradation properties of the bituminous mixture in Turkey, according to the layer to be used, are specified in the Highway Technical Specification. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the effects of five different aggregate gradations created as lower, middle and upper limits as well as by offsetting the lower and upper limits of the Type-1 gradation envelope defined for wearing course in the specification on the mechanical properties of bituminous mixtures. With the determined five gradations, both the effect of variations in the gradation envelope and the expansion potential of the gradation envelope were investigated. For this purpose, Marshall designs were applied on the bituminous mixtures created with different aggregate gradations. According to the test results, optimum bitumen requirement of the mixture increased as the aggregate gradation got thinner. It has been determined that as the gradation gets thinner, the void filled with bitumen ratio (Vf) and the percentage of voids in mineral aggregate (VMA) increase, while the unit weight (Dp) decreases at the optimum bitumen ratio. At the same time, it was observed that the gradation envelope defined for Type-1 may have an expansion potential.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bituminous mixture
• Marshall design
• Gradation
• Marshall quotient
• Wearing course

Kaynakça

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