Farklı Depolama Koşulları Altında Biyodizellerin Üretimi, Karşılaştırılması ve Depolama Kararlılığı

Öz

Son kullanma tarihi geçmiş bitkisel yağlar, reaksiyon hızını ve verimini artırmak için büyük miktarda susuz metanol ve asidik veya bazik bir katalizör ile ısıtılarak transesterifiye edilebilir. Bu çalışmada soya fasulyesi, ayçiçeği, kolza tohumu ve kabak çekirdeği olmak üzere 4 çeşit bitkisel yağ içeren 4 örnek seçilmiştir. Reaksiyonun çalışma koşulları reaksiyon süresi (4 saat), katalizör konsantrasyonu (ağırlıkça %1) ve yağ-metanol molar oranı (6:1) idi. Her bir bileşik türünden elde edilen biyodizelin kalitesini karşılaştırmak için incelenen parametreler şunlardır: verim, pH, yoğunluk, asit değeri. Sonuçlar, kabak çekirdeğinin soya fasulyesi biyodizellerinin yanı sıra soya fasulyesi, ayçiçeği ve kolza tohumu bazlı biyodizel karışımlarının verimini artırmada olumlu bir etkiye sahip olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu makale aynı zamanda çeşitli biyoyakıtların 9 hafta boyunca farklı depolama koşullarında fosil yakıtlarla (Dizel ve benzin) karşılaştırmalı olarak bozulmasını da incelemektedir. Sonuçlar şunu göstermiştir: Aydınlatma ile birlikte yüksek sıcaklık bozunma olayını güçlü bir şekilde arttırmaktadır. Biyodizelin (HM) asit değeri 0.91 mg KOH/g /Hafta oranında hızla artmaktadır. Dizelin pH değerinde %66'lık güçlü bir düşüş yaşanmıştır. Dizel ile karşılaştırıldığında, Dizel Asit Değeri, pH ve Yoğunluk açısından bir biyodizelden güçlü ve hızlı bir şekilde ayrışmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Biyodizel
• kabak
• bozunma
• değerleme
• metil esterler

Comparison and Storage Stability of Biodiesels from Expired oils

Öz

Transesterification of expired vegetable oils is possible by heating them with a significant amount of methanol and an acidic or basic catalyst to improve the reaction rate and yield. In this study 4 samples have been selected, including 4 types of vegetable oils, namely: soybean, sunflower, rapeseed, pumpkin seed. The operative conditions of the reaction were reaction time (4 h), catalyst concentration (1 w/wt %), and oil-to-methanol molar ratio (6:1). The parameters studied to compare the quality of biodiesel obtained by each type of compound are: yield, pH, density, acid value. The results shows that The pumpkin seed have a positive effect on increasing the yield of Soybean biodiesels as well as biodiesel blends based on Soybean, Sunflower and rapeseed. This paper examines also the degradation of several biofuels in comparison with fossil fuels (Diesel and gasoline) with different storage conditions over 9 Weeks period. The Results indicated that: High temperature combined with the lighting strongly enhances the degradation phenomenon. The acid value of biodiesel (HM) is rapidly increasing at a rate of 0.91 mg KOH/g /Week. The pH of diesel has experienced a strong decrease of 66%. In comparison with Diesel, Diesel degrades strongly and rapidly from a biodiesel in terms of Acid Value, pH and Density.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Biodiesel
• pumpkin
• degradation
• valorization
• methyl esters

Destekleyen Kurum

CNRST (National Center for Scientific and Technical Research)

Teşekkür

Through its Research Excellence Scholarships Program, the CNRST (National Center for Scientific and Technical Research) is funding this work.

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