Computer-Automated Design of Truss Systems Under Manufacturing Constraints

Öz

Computer-Automated Design is the process of design by computer and without human intervention. Studies on simultaneous size, shape, and topology optimization show that computer-aided design is poised to replace computer-aided design. Most studies presented on simultaneous size, shape, and topology optimization measure the performance of the proposed optimization method (or method improvement) with popular test problems. These test problems are designed using a number of simplifications to allow them to be solved in an acceptable time; and therefore they cannot represent real world problems. Moreover, in most of the mentioned problems, only structural constraints are considered and constructability constraints are neglected. Structural constraints are related to the material used (stress, strain, etc.) and the behavior of the structural system (node displacement, global buckling, etc.). On the other hand, constructability constraints are the constraints that are related to manufacturing, such as the absence of intersecting elements in the system and not connecting many elements to a node. In this study, the real computational load of computer-automated design of plane truss systems is discussed. What is meant by the expression “real computational load” here is the computational effort spent searching for near-optimal solutions to design problems, where there are no simplistic constraints that are not found in real-world problems, and where constructability constraints are taken into account as well as structural constraints. Numerical experiments were performed using a parameterless metaheuristic algorithm, which has been shown by previous studies to be suitable for the optimization of truss systems, and the results are discussed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Automatic design
• Truss system
• Optimization
• Metaheuristic
• Constructability constraints

Kafes Sistemlerin İmalat Kısıtları Altında Bilgisayar ile Otomatik Tasarımı

Öz

Bilgisayar ile otomatik tasarım bir tasarımın bilgisayar tarafından ve insan müdahalesi olmadan gerçekleştirilmesidir. Eşzamanlı boyut, şekil ve topoloji optimizasyonu konusunda yapılan çalışmalar, bilgisayar ile otomatik tasarımın, bilgisayar destekli tasarımın yerini almaya hazırlandığını göstermektedir. Eşzamanlı boyut, şekil ve topoloji optimizasyonu konusunda sunulan çoğu çalışma, önerdiği optimizasyon yönteminin (veya yöntem iyileştirmesinin) performansını popüler test problemleri ile ölçmektedir. Bu test problemleri, kabul edilebilir sürelerde çözülebilmelerini mümkün kılmak amacıyla bir takım basitleştirmeler kullanılarak tasarlanmışlardır; ve bu sebeple gerçek dünya problemlerini temsil edememektedirler. Dahası, söz edilen problemlerin çoğunda sadece yapısal kısıtlar göz önünde bulundurulur ve yapım kısıtları ihmal edilir. Yapısal kısıtlar kullanılan malzeme (gerilme, şekil değiştirme vb.) ve taşıyıcı sistem davranışı (düğüm yer değiştirmesi, global burkulma vb.) ile ilgilidir. Yapım kısıtları ise sistemde kesişen elemanların bulunmaması ve bir düğüme çok sayıda elemanın bağlanmaması gibi sistemin imal edilmesini mümkün kılan kısıtlardır. Bu çalışmada düzlem kafes sistemlerin bilgisayar ile otomatik tasarımının gerçek hesaplama yükü tartışılmıştır. Burada “gerçek hesaplama yükü” ifadesi ile anlatılmak istenen, gerçek dünya problemlerinde olmayan basitleştirici kısıtların bulunmadığı ve yapısal kısıtların yanında yapım kısıtlarının da hesaba katıldığı tasarım problemlerine yakın-optimal çözümler aramak için harcanan işlem gücüdür. Kafes sistemlerin optimizasyonu için uygun olduğu daha önce yapılan çalışmalarla gösterilmiş parametresiz bir metasezgisel algoritma kullanılarak sayısal deneyler yapılmış ve sonuçlar tartışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Otomatik tasarım
• Kafes sistem
• Optimizasyon
• Metasezgisel
• Yapım kısıtları

Kaynakça

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