Optimization of Renewable Energy Hybrid Power Systems Under Different Penetration and Grid Tariffs

Öz

The trend towards renewable energy sources (RES) is increasing daily due to energy demand, costs, and environmental concerns. This study investigates the technical, economic, and environmental impacts of changes in energy costs and incentives on hybrid power systems (HPS). Optimization results show optimal HPSs vary between 75-200% penetration (PR) depending on grid energy tariffs and energy sales constraints (GSC). In these scenarios, the renewable fraction (RF) increased to 80%, while the excess electricity (EE) increased to 10%. On the other hand, energy tariffs and grid constraints limit the PR increase in the optimal scenarios. This reduced the RF by up to 26%, limiting the use of clean energy. Due to load mismatch and grid constraints, there was a minimal increase in RF after 200% PR. In addition, removing incentives increased the cost of energy (COE) and total net present costs (NPC) by up to 96%. The results show that grid constraints and energy tariffs directly affect the economic and environmental performance of renewable energy investments and can slow down the pace of these investments. Moreover, it has become clear that controlled incentive packages must continue to achieve zero carbon targets.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• energy economics
• hybrid power system
• optimization
• renewable energy
• three-time tariff

Yenilenebilir Enerji Kaynaklı Hibrit Güç Sistemlerinin Farklı Penetrasyon ve Şebeke Tarifeleri Altında Optimizasyonu

Öz

Enerji talebi ve maliyetlerindeki artışlara ve çevresel kaygılara bağlı olarak yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarına (RES) yönelim gün geçtikçe artmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, enerji maliyet ve teşviklerindeki değişimlerin hibrit güç sistemleri (HPS) üzerindeki teknik, ekonomik ve çevresel etkileri incelenmiştir. Optimizasyon sonuçları, şebeke enerji tarifeleri ve enerji satış kısıtlarına (GSC) bağlı olarak optimal HPS’lerin %75-200 penetrasyon (PR) arasında değiştiğini göstermiştir. Bu senaryolarda yenilenebilirlik oranı (RF) %80’lere kadar artarken, artan enerji (EE) %10’a kadar yükselmiştir. Diğer taraftan, tarife değişiklikleri ve şebeke kısıtları optimal senaryolardaki PR artışını kısıtlamıştır. Bu durum RF’i %26’ya kadar azaltarak temiz enerji kullanımını sınırlandırmıştır. Yük örtüşmezliği ve şebeke kısıtları nedeniyle %200 PR sonrasında RF’de çok az bir artış gerçekleşmiştir. Ayrıca teşviklerin kalkması, birim enerji (COE) ve şimdiki toplam net maliyetlerini (NPC) %96’ya kadar artırmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar şebeke güç kısıtları ve enerji tarifelerinin yenilenebilir enerji yatırımlarının ekonomik ve çevresel performansını doğrudan etkilediğini ve bu yatırımların hızını yavaşlatabileceğini göstermiştir. Dahası, sıfır karbon hedeflerine ulaşmak için kontrollü teşvik paketlerinin devam etmesi gerekliliği açıkça ortaya çıkmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Enerji ekonomisi
• hibrit güç sistemi
• optimizasyon
• üç zamanlı tarife
• yenilenebilir enerji

Kaynakça

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