Analysis of Welding Groove Configurations on Strength of S275 Structural Steel Welded by FCAW

Öz

The quality of welded joints depends on many factors such as welding current, voltage, welding speed, shielding gas type, and welding position. One of these factors is the welding groove design. This is because different stresses (tensile, compression, bending, etc.) can occur on the weldments. For this reason, while designing welded constructions, it is important to join them with the most appropriate welding groove configuration by considering the stresses the welded joints can be exposed to. In this study, the effect of the welding groove configuration on the mechanical and metallurgical properties of S275 structural steel joined by flux cored arc welding (FCAW) method was investigated. For this purpose, different welding groove configurations were formed for structural steel sheets. Tensile, bending, and hardness tests were performed to determine the mechanical properties of the weldments. In addition, metallographic investigations were carried out to determine the metallurgical properties of the weld zones. As a result of the tests, the effect of the welding groove configuration on the mechanical and metallurgical properties of the welded joints was determined. As a result of the microstructure studies, different structures such as grain boundary ferrite, widmanstatten ferrite and acicular ferrite were determined to form in the weld metal and coarse grained zone. It was determined that hardness of the weld metal was higher than HAZ and base metal in all welding groove configurations. As a result of the tensile and bending tests, the highest tensile and bending strengths were obtained from the samples welded by X₂ type welding groove configuration after the base metal. Furthermore, the X-type welding groove configurations showed better mechanical properties than the K-type welding groove configurations. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Flux cored arc welding (FCAW),welding groove,mechanical properties,microstructure

Kaynakça

1. [1] Kahraman, N. and Gülenç, B., “Modern Kaynak Teknolojisi”, Eta-Mat Basım Yayın Ltd. Şti., Ankara, (2013).
2. [2] Çevik, B., “Investigation of mechanical and microstructure properties of S275 structural steel joined by using different flux cored wire”, Journal of Polytechnic, 20(3): 675-680, (2017).
3. [3] Morimoto T., “Developments in flux-cored wire for gas-shielded arc welding” Kobelco Technology Revıew, 26: 49-56, (2005).
4. [4] Sönmez U., Ceyhun V., “Investigation of mechanical and microstructural properties of S 235 JR (ST 37-2) steels welded joints with FCAW”, Kovove Materialy-Metallic Materials., 52: 57-63, (2014).
5. [5] Ghazvinlo, K.R. and Honarbakhsh, A., “Effect of gas-shielded flux cored arc welding parameters on weld width and tensile properties of weld metal in a low carbon steel”, Journal of Applied Science, 10: 658–663, (2010).
6. [6] Gülenç, B., Develi, K., Kahraman, N., Durgutlu, A., “Experimental study of the effect of hydrogen in argon as a shielding gas in MIG welding of austenitic stainless steel”, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 30(13): 1475–1481, (2005).
7. [7] Praven, P., Yarlagadda, P.K.D.V., Kang, M.J., “Advancements in Pulse Gas Metal Arc Welding”, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2005, 164-165, pp. 1113–1119.
8. [8] Karadeniz E., Ozsarac U., Yildiz C., “The effect of process parameters on penetration in gas metal arc welding processes”, Material and Design, 28: 649-656, (2007).

9. [9] Katherasan D., Sathiya P., Raja A., “Shielding gas effects on flux cored arc welding of AISI 316L (N) austenitic stainless steel joints”, Materials and Design, 45: 43–51, (2013).
10. [10] Oğuz, B., Arc Welding, Oerlikon-Erdini Basım ve Yayınevi, İstanbul, 1989.
11. [11] İpek, N.E. and Elaldı, F., “Analysis of welding groove angle and geometry on strength of armor steel”, Materials and Manufacturing Processes, 27: 1437-1441, (2012).
12. [12] Li, L., Orme, K., Yu, W., “Effect of joint design on mechanical properties of Al7075 weldment”, Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, 14: 322-326, (2005).
13. [13] Ling, K.H., Fuh, Y.K, Wu, K.L., Kuo, T.C., Huang, C.Y., “Groove configurations of a flux-cored arc welding process used in critical structures of precision mechanical presses—mechanical and metallurgical studies”, The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 78: 1905-1916, (2015).
14. [14] Kaya, Y., Kahraman, N., Durgutlu, A., Gülenç, B., “Investigation of the mechanical properties of different thickness of the Grade A ship plates joined by submerged arc welding”, e-Journal of New World Science Academy, 5: 348-352, (2010).
15. [15] Durgutlu, A., Kahraman, N., Gülenç, B., “Investigation of effect of fluxes on microstructure and mechanical properties in submerged arc welding”, The Journal of the Industrial Arts Education Faculty of Gazi University, 10: 1-8, (2002).
16. [16] Kılınçer S., Kahraman N., “MIG weldıng of AISI 409 and Ç1010 steel using an austenitic electrode and investigation of their mechanical properties”, J. Fac. Eng. Arch. Gazi Univ., 24 (1): 23-31, (2009).
17. [17] Aksöz, S., Ada, H., Özer, A. “Tozaltı ark kaynak yöntemiyle üretilen API 5l x70 kalite çelik borularin mikroyapi ve mekanik özellikleri. Gazi Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi Part C: Tasarım ve Teknoloji, 5(1): 55-64, (2017).
18. [18] Akay, A.A., Kaya, Y., Kahraman, N., “Joining of materials with diferent properties through submerged arc welding process and destructive and non-destructive testing of the joints”, Sakarya University Journal of Science, 17: 85-96, (2013).